Calidad de la información sanitaria sobre productos farmacéuticos en redes sociales audiovisuales: influencia del carácter educativo

BACKGROUND // Audiovisual social media platforms are becoming increasingly prominent as sources of health information. Pharmacists are gaining visibility as content creators in this space; however, the quality of the information they share about pharmaceutical products remains underexplored. The objective of this paper was to assess the quality of information on medications disseminated by pharmacists on audiovisual social media platforms and to analyze the influence of educational framing and declared advertising on that quality. METHODS // A cross-sectional observational study was conducted. A total of 755 videos were collected in March 2024 from the ten most-followed pharmacist accounts (≥1,000 followers) on Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube. Two independent reviewers evaluated the quality using the abbreviated DISCERN scale (1-5). Educational content (yes/no) and declared advertising were coded. Robust linear regression models were applied to estimate the association between predictors and DISCERN scores. RESULTS // Overall quality was moderate to low (mean DISCERN score: 2.43±0.40), with no significant statistical differences across platforms (p=0.327). Educational videos (28.2%) achieved higher scores (2.62±0.38) compared to non-educational ones (2.34±0.39; p<0.001). Declared advertising decreased quality scores by -0.30 points (p<0.001), with a stronger effect observed on TikTok (-0.50). CONCLUSIONS // Educational framing consistently enhances the informational quality of pharmacist-generated content, regardless of the platform, whereas declared advertising undermines it, especially on TikTok. Promoting evidence-based micro-educational content and enforcing transparent sponsorship labeling may improve the reliability of pharmaceutical information on social media

The Role of the Hyoid Bone in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity: A Systematic Review

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has numerous complications that negatively impact patients' quality of life. Early diagnosis can significantly reduce these complications. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between the hyoid bone position and the severity of apnea, and to determine if hyoid-related cephalometric variables can be used as predictors of apnea severity. A systematic review of the literature was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. The search was conducted across databases including Medline, ScienceDirect, BVS, and WOK. Two researchers analysed the results applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, with a third researcher resolving discrepancies. After screening, a total of 22 articles were selected for qualitative review. The risk of bias and quality of the studies was assessed using the Downs and Black checklist. Among the 22 selected articles, 9% were classified as poor quality, 46% as fair, and 45% as good quality. A positive correlation was observed between a lower hyoid bone position and the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), indicating that a lower hyoid position is associated with a higher AHI. The H-MP variable (distance between point H and the mandibular plane) presented the strongest predictive power for OSA severity. However, insufficient evidence was found to establish an association between the anteroposterior position of the hyoid bone and OSA severity. The severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with a lower position of the hyoid bone, as reflected in the positive correlation between H-MP and the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), while the sagittal position showed no significant relevance

Sedentary behavior and joint mobility in university students a sex comparison.

Introducción: Los estudiantes universitarios presentan altos niveles de conducta sedentaria (CS), lo que podría afectar negativamente la salud musculoesquelética, incluyendo el rango de movimiento articular (ROM). Sin embargo, la evidencia en poblaciones jóvenes y aparentemente sanas es limitada. Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre la conducta sedentaria y el ROM de la articulación de la cadera en estudiantes universitarios chilenos, considerando las diferencias según sexo. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal con 189 estudiantes (89 hombres, 100 mujeres; edad media: 21.6 ± 2.4 años). La CS se evaluó mediante el cuestionario IPAQ corto, y el ROM de cadera (flexión, extensión, abducción) se midió con un goniómetro digital bajo condiciones estandarizadas. Resultados: El tiempo promedio de CS fue de 691 ± 42.6 minutos/día, superando los umbrales comúnmente utilizados para definir sedentarismo. No se encontraron correlaciones significativas entre CS y ROM. Las mujeres mostraron mayor ROM en flexión y abducción de cadera que los hombres (p < 0.05), sin diferencias en extensión. Conclusión: A pesar del alto nivel de CS en esta población universitaria, no se observó asociación con el ROM de cadera. Las diferencias por sexo coinciden con variaciones anatómicas y conductuales. Se requieren estudios longitudinales con medidas objetivas para evaluar el impacto de la CS en la salud articular.ye

Understanding double triggering in patient–ventilator asynchrony: beyond first-breath classification. Author's reply

10.13039/50110001463

Infection-driven proteomic signatures in immune cell–derived extracellular vesicles reflect hemorrhagic stroke outcome

Background: Analyzing the content of immune cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) may reveal biomarkers that elucidate the mechanisms through which infection negatively affects outcomes in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods: A prospective observational study in patients with acute ICH classified by the occurrence of in-hospital infection within 7 days and outcomes at 6 months, good outcome defined as an improvement of > 10 points or > 50% in NIHSS score and a mRS score 0–2. Immune cell-derived EVs were obtained from blood samples at 7 days by immunoprecipitation with anti-CD3 (T cells), anti-CD20 (B cells) and anti-CD14 (monocytes) antibodies. The protein content of the EVs was analyzed by data independent acquisition mass spectrometry. Differential abundance between groups was defined as fold-change ≥ 2 or ≤ 0.5 and p ≤ 0.05. Results: The study enrolled 44 patients: 17 (39%) infected, 14 (82%) with poor outcomes, and 27 (61%) with no infection, 12 (44%) with poor outcomes. There were 190 proteins with differential abundance in the EVs of infected patients, 6 relevant proteins associated with poor outcome and infection: in T cell-derived EVs PSME1 (involved in apoptosis), H2B1C and MTREX (involved in transcription regulation, DNA replication and DNA repair) were more abundant; in B cell-derived EVs, COHA1 (organization of extracellular matrix) was less abundant; and in monocyte-derived EVs, PCSK9 (cholesterol metabolism) and CMC1 (energy-related metabolic pathways) were less abundant. Conclusions: A cluster of proteins in immune system-derived EVs are involved in key biological pathways potentially linked to infection-related poor outcomes in patients with ICH.10.13039/50110000458710.13039/50110002356110.13039/50110000078010.13039/50110000078010.13039/50110000459310.13039/50110000459

La seguridad deportiva a debate IV

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Leukocytosis and tobacco use during pregnancy

Objective: Factors such as tobacco and other toxic substance use, obesity, associated comorbidity, and intercurrent infections can cause a proinflammatory state and modify analytical parameters. The objective of this study is to identify smoking-induced leukocytosis in pregnant women across all three trimesters of pregnancy to aid in their clinical assessment. Methods: Demographic and analytical data were reviewed for 300 pregnant women included in the WOMAP trial during the three trimesters of pregnancy, evaluating white blood cell counts, neutrophil and lymphocyte percentages, and hemoglobin and hematocrit values. Leukocytosis association with smoking was assessed via logistic regression. Results: The sample had a mean age of 31.60 ± 6.00 years, with a mean body mass index of 24.70 ± 5.35 kg/m2 and 16.00% obesity (n = 48); 47.33% (n = 142) of pregnant women were smokers, and 60.70%(n = 182) were patients with co-occurring mental health and alcohol and/or tobacco use problems (dual pathology). Pregnant women who smoked had higher white blood cell counts in all trimesters compared to non-smokers (P = 0.001). The percentage of leukocytosis was higher in the group of smokers. For white blood cells ≥10 500/μL, the difference was statistically significant in all three trimesters (P = 0.014, P = 0.0001, and P = 0.007, respectively), while for leukocytosis ≥15 000/μL, the difference was significant in the third trimester (P = 0.0001). When considering other proinflammatory factors (obesity and dual pathology), the association between leukocytosis and tobacco held (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Tobacco use during pregnancy was associated with elevated white blood cell counts and leukocytosis in all trimesters. In pregnant women with leukocytosis, smoking history should be reviewed, and smoking cessation should be encouraged.10.13039/10001665810.13039/10001665

Análisis del Conocimiento Didáctico del Contenido (CDC) en profesores de pedagogía en Educación Física en Chile.

Introducción: el artículo presentó el conocimiento didáctico del contenido como clave para integrar saber disciplinar y saber pedagógico en educación física dentro del sistema escolar chileno. se contextualizó su pertinencia por las demandas curriculares y la necesidad de experiencias motrices significativas. Objetivo: Este estudio analiza el Conocimiento Didáctico del Contenido del profesorado de Educación Física en Chile y sus implicancias para la enseñanza escolar. Metodología: Participaron 323 docentes (37.7±7.5 años; 15.7±7.5 años de experiencia) de establecimientos públicos, subvencionados y privados. Se aplicó el Cuestionario de CDC en EF (35 ítems; 7 dimensiones). Los análisis incluyeron estadística descriptiva, correlaciones de Pearson y k-means, además de ANOVA por sexo y tipo de establecimiento. Resultados: Los puntajes más altos se observaron en Conocimiento sobre currículo, Relación teoría-práctica y Dominio de la clase (~3.96–3.99), mientras que los más bajos fueron Conocimiento pedagógico general (M=3.03), Estrategias de enseñanza (M=2.99) y Evaluación (M=2.98). Las dimensiones se correlacionaron positivamente, destacando Relación teoría-práctica–Dominio de la clase (r=.81) y Currículo–Dominio de la clase (r=.77), evidenciando la integración del CDC. El clustering identificó tres perfiles: uno equilibrado/alto (Cluster 3), uno intermedio con fortaleza práctica (Cluster 1) y uno con déficits en estrategias y evaluación (Cluster 2). Discusión: los hallazgos coincidieron con la literatura que reportó fortaleza operativa y debilidad pedagógica, subrayando la necesidad de reforzar transposición didáctica y retroalimentación formativa para aprendizajes significativos. Conclusiones: se recomienda priorizar desarrollo profesional focalizado en diseño didáctico y evaluación formativa para potenciar la enseñanza de educación física en contextos diversos.ye