3D SAFE ROUTING NAVIGATION APPLICATION FOR PEDESTRIANS AND CYCLISTS BASED ON OPEN SOURCE TOOLS

Abstract. The recent advancement in Information & Communication Technology (ICT) is seen as a critical enabler to design intelligent smart cities targeting different domains. One such domain is modes of transport in a city. Currently, various cities around the world are envisioning innovative ways to reduce emissions in the cities by increasing physically active mobility. However, there is still limited information about the safety of cyclists and pedestrians within city limits. To address this, we develop a 3D web-based safe routing tool called Vision Zero. Our concept prototype used Augsburg city, Germany, as a case study. The implementation is based on open-source tools. In the back-end, the OGC 3D Portrayal Service standard helps to deliver and integrate various 2D and 3D geospatial contents on a web-based client using CesiumJS. The OGC SensorThings API (STAPI) standard is used to manage historical and real-time open road-incident data from the Federal Statistical Office of Germany. The navigation system is built up based on the routing engine pgRouting, which calculates the safest route based on the mentioned STAPI server and the road-network dataset from OpenStreetMap

Axiomatizations of the proportional Shapley value

We present new axiomatic characterizations of the proportional Shapley value, a weighted TU-value with the worths of the singletons as weights. The presented characterizations are proportional counterparts to the famous characterizations of the Shapley value by Shapley (Contributions to the theory of games, vol. 2. Princeton University Press, Princeton, pp 307–317, 1953b) and Young (Cost allocation: methods, principles, applications. North Holland Publishing Co, 1985a). We introduce two new axioms, called proportionality and player splitting, respectively. Each of them makes a main difference between the proportional Shapley value and the Shapley value. If the standalone worths are plausible weights, the proportional Shapley value is a convincing alternative to the Shapley value, for example in cost allocation. Especially, the player splitting property, which states that players’ payoffs do not change if another player splits into two new players who have the same impact to the game as the original player, justifies the use of the proportional Shapley value in many economic situations

Parallel axiomatizations of weighted and multiweighted Shapley values, random order values, and the Harsanyi set

New axiomatic characterizations of five classes of TU-values, the classes of the weighted, positively weighted, and multiweighted Shapley values, random order values, and the Harsanyi set are presented. Between all these well-known classes exists a real subset relationship. We combine axiomatizations of all individual classes into a single theorem or corollary for all classes at once. Thereby, the axiomatizations of two neighboring classes within a theorem or corollary differ by only one axiom, which is also known as parallel axiomatization or characterization. This gives us a deeper insight into the relationships between the classes. In conjunction with marginality, a new relaxation of mutual dependence (Nowak and Radzik, Games Econ Behav 8(2):389–405,1995), called coalitional differential dependence, is the key that allows us to dispense with additivity. Additionally, we propose new axiomatizations of the above five classes, in which different versions of monotonicity, associated with strong monotonicity, are decisive. Relaxations of superweak sign symmetry (Casajus, Econ Lett 176:75–78, 2019) allow the enlargement of solution classes to go hand in hand with the weakening of the changing axiom while the other axioms remain the same for all class axiomatizations

FOLLOW-E2 - Energiesparende funktionelle Beschichtungen von Polymermaterialien für die Folienarchitektur : Schlussbericht

Gegenstand des Vorhabens war die Veredelung von transparenten Polymerfolien für den Einsatz im Architekturbereich mittels Vakuumbeschichtungsverfahren und Lackierung. Dadurch sollen Energieeffizienz, Sonnenschutz und thermischer Komfort von folienbasierten Bauwerken verbessert werden. Im vorherigen Vorhaben, Follow-e, wurden transparente funktionelle Polymerfolien durch Vakuumbeschichtungsverfahren veredelt. Die empfindliche funktionelle Schicht muss in einem zweiten Veredelungsschritt durch das Aufbringen eines Schutzlacks vor Korrosion und Abrieb geschützt werden. Dies geschah in Follow-e mit Schwerpunkt auf low-e beschichtete Folien. Die Weiterverarbeitung der beschichteten Folie zum Kissen war einer der Schwerpunkte des jetzigen Vorhabens Follow-e2. Die Betrachtung dieser Aspekte ist für einen erfolgreichen Markteintritt der funktionell beschichteten Folien unerlässlich. Außerdem war es in diesem Vorhaben von hoher Priorität, realistische Tests zu bestimmen und durchzuführen, die zeigen sollten, dass die Beschichtung eine geforderte Langzeitstabilität aufweist. Ebenso konnten weitere Anwendungsoptionen, die über die low-e Funktion hinausgehen, wie z.B. eine Sonnenschutzfunktion als Überhitzungsschutz untersucht werden, um schließlich ein Produktportfolio für verschiedene Gebäudetypen, Nutzungsszenarien und Klimazonen zu generieren