AN OVERVIEW OF THE CRITERIA AND DIMENSIONS OF THE MOST IMPORTANT ARAB MODELS FOR EXCELLENCE MANAGEMENT IN BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS

There exists a set of global models that have focused primarily on excellence and its management, each relying on different criteria and principles. These models addressing excellence management vary both at the global and Arab levels. Clarifying the underlying principles and governing values of these models is of utmost importance. This clarification aids organizations in ensuring the application of excellence standards, measuring the level of performance or service provided. Hence, the significance of this study emerges, aiming to present some models and awards of excellence in Arab countries, highlighting their key features and dimensions, and attempting to compare them with global excellence management models. The study concludes that both global and Arab excellence models share many dimensions and criteria through which excellence is managed within organizations, as these organizations operate globally within the framework of openness to the global market

DETERMINANTS,CHARACTERISTICS AND PREFORMANCE OF THE GROWTH OF MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES (MSE): A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF EVIDENCE FROM ETHIOPIA.

Micro and Small Enterprises (MSE) are now the center of attention for global economic development, employment creation, and growth. Micro and small enterprises account for the majority of businesses globally.The informal sector, which mostly creates MSE, continues to be the main source of employment and income for the populace in developing nations, particularly in Ethiopia.In 2011, the plan was updated with fresh focus and more aggressive goals for employment and the percentage of businesses moving up to a medium level. Nevertheless, despite their efforts, MSEs in Ethiopia face numerous challenges, which leads to poor performance and a failure to make the necessary contributions from many MSEs. Therefore, in order to boost MSE growth and performance and improve their contribution to the growth of the national economy, the government should place a strong emphasis on procedures for addressing these issues

EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS ON THE EFFECTS OF OPENING UP ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN ALGERIAN RURAL STEPPIQUE AREAS

This study aims to highlight the causal relationship between Infrastructure for opening up and economic growth in the municipality of Ksar Chellala in Algeria, which benefited from infrastructure development programs to combat its spatial and social isolation. By adopting an econometric approach based on the Cobb-Douglas production function over the period (2000-2020), the results showed that infrastructure for opening up triggered an increase in production through the strong direct causal link. Telecommunications have far impacted it, because its elasticity of 1% led to an increase of 0.93%, while they are around 0.65% for roads and electricity. The conclusions call for the continuation of operations and to give as much attention to their quality, their maintenance as well as their bioeconomic benefits

THE ROLE OF ACCOUNTING KNOWLEDGE IN ENHANCING CONFIDENCE IN COMPANIES' ACCOUNTING DISCLOSURES IN THE ALGERIAN ACCOUNTING ENVIRONMENT

This study aims to highlight the role of accounting knowledge in enhancing confidence in companies' accounting disclosures in the Algerian accounting environment through the challenges faced by accountants in Algeria. To address the study problem and test the hypotheses, a descriptive analysis method and the SPSS program were used to analyze the correlation between the accounting knowledge and the confidence in accounting disclosures for companies in the Algerian accounting environment. The study concluded that accounting knowledge contributes significantly to enhancing confidence in companies' accounting disclosures

UNLICENSED MEDICAL PRACTICE AND INSTITUTIONAL SILENCE: A CASE STUDY ON PMDC’S INEFFECTIVE RESPONSE AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH AND NATIONAL INTEGRITY.

The most critical issue of unauthorized practice of medicine by unregistered individuals is claiming to be registered medical practitioners/military personnel has turned into major area of public health concern in Pakistan. With a particular lens on impersonation and quackery, this research elaborates upon the systemic issues that exist when it comes to keeping doctors in check, and questions whether PMDC is the right institution to undertake this responsibility. Adopting a qualitative approach, interviews were conducted comprising 10 health care employees, 10 medical fraud victims, and 10 regulatory authorities, through using case studies. Furthermore, secondary data from local reports, media articles and related literature were examined to better understand this issue. [The study found several serious issues, such as the PMDCs informal enforcement of medical laws, illegal use of military grades by impostors and the adverse effects on patient health as well as resulting institutional disgrace.] Results: Thematic and narrative analyses of interview data revealed that both victims and health care practitioners harbored serious concerns about the emergence of quackery and the limited measures that regulatory bodies were taking to address it. The paper suggests several policy solutions to curb these issues such as enhancing the verification process, making it illegal to impersonate military ranks, introducing a public black book, and increasing public awareness about unqualified practitioners. According to its analysis, Pakistan can combat the growth of illegal medical practice, safeguard public health, and regain trust in its healthcare systems by enhancing regulatory monitoring and legal action

RESEARCH ON THE LINKAGE OF DIGITAL MONEY MARKET: EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS BASED ON GRANGER CAUSALITY TEST AND VARIANCE DECOMPOSITION

Based on the close price data of the main nine currency pairs in the digital money market in the period between 2018 and 2020, the linkage relationship between the nine currency pairs' price changes has been empirically studied. The impact of BTCUSDT and ETHUSDT on the volatility of other currencies is analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient, Granger causality test and variance decomposition. The results show that the price change of BTCUSDT is the reason for the price change of all other currencies. The fluctuation change of BTCUSDT can be explained by its own fluctuation. The fluctuation of other currencies has little contribution on the fluctuation of BTCUSDT. Among the contributions made on the overall market volatility, BTC's impact on market volatility is higher than ETH's impact on market volatility. XRP volatility can be explained by its own volatility, and its currency trend is quite different from that of other currencies

THE DIGITAL CLOUD AS A REQUIREMENT FOR ESTABLISHING THE FOUNDATIONS OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY AMID CONTEMPORARY TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGES - REFERENCE TO SERVICE MODELS IN ITS APPLICATIONS

The transition towards a digital economy constitutes a cornerstone in contemporary technological evolution, highlighting the role of the digital cloud as a crucial factor and catalyst for growth and innovation. The digital cloud, with its flexibility, speed, and efficiency in data storage and processing, offers new opportunities for both institutions and individuals to adapt to ongoing technological challenges. It provides effective solutions to these challenges through a flexible and secure infrastructure capable of handling and analyzing vast amounts of data efficiently.This investigation seeks to illuminate the critical role of cloud computing in laying the groundwork for the digital economy, demonstrating how cloud technology enhances operational efficiencies and augments adaptability for businesses within the digital commerce landscape. Cloud computing has emerged as the preeminent technology among information society professionals and workers, embodying a collection of services delivered by providers through the internet. This enables customers to tap into the providers' advanced capabilities and resources without the necessity of investing in costly infrastructure to achieve similar functionalities within their organizations

A STANDARD STUDY TO DETERMINE THE NATURE OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE INFLATION RATE AND THE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE -IN ALGERIA DURING THE PERIOD (1970-2021) USING THE ERROR CORRECTION MODEL (ECM)-

This study aims to analyze and measure the relationship between the inflation rate and the unemployment rate in Algeria during the period (1970-2021), using the error correction model (ECM), data obtained from specialized bodies, such as the National Bureau of Statistics, the International Monetary Fund, and the World Bank.The study found that the relationship between the inflation rate and unemployment in Algeria during the period (1970-2021) is a one-way direct relationship, starting from the inflation rate to the unemployment rate, as An increase in the inflation rate by 1% leads to an increase in the unemployment rate by 1.98%, a result that negates the application of the Phillips curve to the Algerian economy during the study period

THE CONTRIBUTION OF WATER RESOURCES TO SUSTAINABLE LOCAL DEVELOPMENT: INSIGHTS FROM TLEMCEN

 The article discusses the importance of water for human and environmental well-being, as well as the challenges and opportunities of water management in the context of sustainable development. The article focuses on the case of Tlemcen, a region in Algeria that has rich and diverse water resources, and how local authorities have implemented various projects to improve water services, reduce environmental impact, and enhance agricultural production. The article concludes by recommending further investment in water infrastructure and practices to ensure the long-term security and benefits of water for the region and the world

THE ROLE OF DONOR INSTITUTIONS IN SUPPORTING THE NON- PROFIT SECTOR IN SAUDI ARABIA, MODEL: SULAIMAN AL RAJHI FOUNDATION.

Donor institutions play an important role in supporting charitable work in Saudi Arabia, for they sponsor several charity projects. It is considered one of the main components of non- profit sector. About 121 official donors are found throughout the Kingdom with various kinds of support including all voluntary and charitable fields. The most famous and prevalent one is Suliman Al Rajhi Foundation. The purpose of this research is to perceive the performance of donor institutions (Suliman Al Rajhi Foundation as a model), its procedures, policies and stereotypes from the charities’ point of view to help identify weaknesses and strengths of these institutions. This would help these institutions contribute and follow the aspirations and objectives of the Kingdom’s Vision 2030 regarding non-profit sector (which aims to increase its contribution to Domestic Product from 0.3% to 5%