Cultural Aspects of Multilingual Communication

Today multilingual communication is increasing as the context of globalization and therefore, contact between different cultures is being practiced in non-western communities in political, business and art meetings. Culture as a critical part of multilingual communication performs several functions in community, has several categories according to different culturologists. The students of translation studies faculty must be aware of constituent parts of multilingual communication, its theoretical basis, basic terms and the role of intercultural competency in translation process. In this paper, cultural aspects of multilingual communication, its concepts and terms, types of culture are discussed. We also provide the definition of the terms of culturology that each Bachelor student of translation studies department must know

Pragmatic Intentions of Political Discourse

In modern researches, pragmatics is considered as a productive direction, and the pragmatic approach involves the analysis of speech acts as actions aimed at exerting a certain influence on the interlocutor

EDITING OF TRANSLATED WORKS

According to current requirements, any work should be translated both beautifully and correctly - adequately. Only when translated in this way can the work become a perfect work of art. For this, the translator must comply with certain conditions. For example, the translator should respect the author of the work he is translating, not to decorate the translated work with unnecessary words, not to leave out words and phrases with a certain meaning, not to stick to the form, not to damage the content, not to dilute it, it is necessary! That is, it should revive the original with all its achievements and shortcomings in its own language, and fully reflect its inner warmth and artistic features. The closer the translation is to the original, the more successful the translation is. This requires professionalism from every translator. When talking about the specific characteristics of peoples, it is important to pay attention to one more issue, it is a folklore art that embodies the living conditions, lifestyle of each people and thousands of years of experience of their ancestors. Naturally, samples of folk oral creativity of one nation are also an interesting source of learning for other nations. Therefore, it is translated, studied, and mutual cultural relations are established. In the same process, especially in the translation of epics and folklore examples of the Uzbek people, verbatim translation i.e. word for word translation does not justify itself when translating situations where our customs and traditions specific to our nation, dialects are described. Especially if we take the proverbs into account, they are given with some changes in epics to set the tone

The Effect of Natural Extracts and Tea Compost on the Vegetative Growth of Carnation Plants Stressed by Heavy Elements

A factorial experiment was carried out in the greenhouses that were implemented for this purpose to study the ability of the accumulation and resistance of the carnation plants to growth in soil contaminated with toxic elements and plant treatment using natural extracts and treatment with different ratio of biological organic aquatic extracts. The experiment included the use of three factors, the first factor included treating the plants with two types of extracts (licorice root and malt seed) in addition to the control treatment, while the second factor included treating the planting soil with two ratio of tea compost (1/5 and 1/10), while the third factor included treating the potting soil with heavy elements. Copper, lead and their mixture at a concentration of 5 mg L-1, follow the design of C.R.D. In the study experiment, there were three replicates, and each replicate included 3 experimental units. The results of the study showed that the study factors had a significant effect on the studied vegetative growth characteristics. The triple interaction treatment (licorice extract and 5/1 ratio of tea compost for non-stressed plants) had a significant superiority in plant height, number of leaves, number of vegetative branches, and chlorophyll content of leaves with an average of (23.67cm, 64.33 leaves, 11.33 branches, and 42.00 SPAD), while the treatment (spraying unstressed plants with licorice extract without adding tea compost) achieved the highest average dry weight of vegetative growth, with an average of 11.816 gm

Nematode Fauna of Annual Wild Plants

In this scientific-research work, the nematode fauna of annual wild grasses growing in the biocenoses of the Karatepa mountain massif was studied. As a result of the research, in the biocenoses of the Karatepa mountain massif, Carthamus oxyasanthus Bieb, Strigosella tursestanica Litv., Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic., Bromus L., Ranunculus arvensis L. plants and 58 species of nematodes in their rhizosphere soil was determined. The identified species consisted of representatives of two classes (Adenophorea, Secernentea), 4 subclasses (Enoplia, Chromadoria, Rhabditida, Diplogastria) and 6 families (Dorylaimida, Mononchida, Monhysterida, Araeolaimida, Rhabditida, Tylenchida). The identified nematodes were divided into groups of bacteriotrophs, polytrophs, predatory nematodes, mycohelminths and parasitic nematodes according to their nutrition and ecological characteristics. Parasitic nematodes, in turn, are divided into ectoparasites, those that feed on the root epidermis, migratory and sedentary endoparasites. There are many species found in all regions of the Karatepa mountain massif Species of the genera Ditylenchus, Pratylenchus, Aphelenchoides (Ditylenchus intermedus, D. dipsaci, Pratylenchus vulnus, P. pratensis, P. thornei, Aphelenchoides parietinus) with a large number of individuals were recorded in vegetative parts of plants

Species Composition and Distribution of the Main Pests in the Agrobiocenosis of Vegetable Soybean Crops

The article presents the results of monitoring on soybean plants, where 31 species of entomophages belonging to 2 classes, 7 genera and 31 species were identified. Of these entomophages, 9 species were found to be more common, 8 species were in average abundance, and the remaining species were in smaller abundance

Inguinal Hernia: Modern Aspects of Etiopathogenesis and Treatment

The article presents modern data on the surgical treatment of inguinal hernias, describes the most common methods of alloplasty, their advantages and disadvantages, presents the experience of domestic and foreign researchers. During the search, it was found that in the methods used for the treatment of inguinal hernias over the past 10-15 years, a consistent evolution has been noted. The main change is that a mesh is used to close the posterior wall of the inguinal canal, and the principle of tissue tension-free treatment is introduced. One of the methods using these new principles is laparoscopic hernioplasty, introduced into practice in the early 90s of the last century. Summing up, it can be noted that, with all the numerous publications, there is no single tactical doctrine when choosing a method of treating inguinal hernias, the opinions of various authors about the advantages and disadvantages of modern methods of eliminating inguinal hernias are contradictory, this was an incentive for doing this work

Biochemical Composition Analysis of Hot Pepper Varietal Samples in Greenhouse Conditions

This study investigates the biochemical composition of 35 varietal samples of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivated in greenhouse conditions to address the knowledge gap in understanding the nutrient profile and spiciness of these cultivars. Utilizing a combination of greenhouse and laboratory experiments, the research adheres to established methodologies for vegetable crop studies and employs statistical analysis via Microsoft Excel. Findings reveal significant variations in dry substance, ascorbic acid, mono- and disaccharides, and nitrate content among the samples. Key results indicate that specific cultivars exhibit higher nutrient levels and spiciness compared to the control variety, Margilon 330. The implications of this research suggest the potential for breeding hot pepper varieties with enhanced nutritional quality and suitability for greenhouse cultivation, contributing to improved agricultural practices and consumer health benefits

Tillage Method and Plow Type Impact on Corn Growth and Yield

This autumn season (2021) field experiment investigated the impact of three plow types (Chisel, Moldboard, Disc) and three plow methods (once, twice perpendicular, three times) on soil physical properties and the growth and yield of Bohuth 106 corn cultivar. Results revealed significant superiority of the Chisel plow in enhancing moisture content, mean weight diameter, water conductivity, and seed germination percentage, followed by Moldboard and Disc plows. Tillage twice emerged as the most effective method, showing superior performance across measured traits. Chisel plow treatments exhibited averages of 15.1% moisture content, 1.40 g/cm³ bulk density, 0.82 mm mean weight diameter, 12.2 cm/min water conductivity, 166.8 kPa.m² soil penetration, 87.7% seed germination, 173.4 cm plant height, 47.7 cm² leaf area, and 7.160 tons/ha total grain yield. These findings underscore the importance of tillage method and plow type selection in optimizing soil physical properties and crop performance, providing valuable insights for agricultural practices aiming at sustainable crop production

Preliminary Monitoring of Whale Shark (Rhincodon typus) Migration Patterns in the Waters Botubarani Village Gorontalo Based on Satellite Marker Monitoring

This research aims to determine the migration patterns of Whale Sharks using satellite markers in the waters of Botubarani Village, Bone Bolango Regency, Gorontalo Province. This research was conducted from April 2023 to December 2023 using satellite-based technology by installing satellite tagging (Finmount Tag) on two individual whale sharks that often appear at the research location with codes ID 53 and ID 55. Tagging was carried out using the containment method. using nets and boats. The results showed that the two individuals showed different migration patterns both spatially and temporally. The individual with ID code 53 was recorded as having migrated for 79 days and the individual with ID code 55 was recorded as having migrated for 54 days to return to Botubarani beach, Gorontalo. Based on monitoring results, the two of them have different migration patterns but are still in the Tomini Bay waters. The results of this research have contributed to knowledge about the behavior of Whale Sharks (Rhincodon typus) in the waters of Tomini Bay which can be useful as a basis for future management