ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF FERMENTED GUAVA JELLY

The dietary diversity and increased food scarcity demands sustainable food system worldwide. Guava are widely cultivated throughout the tropical region and known for its significant nutritional contents. The present study was conducted with aim to develop a nutritionally rich fermented guava jelly to increase the antioxidants and antimicrobial properties of innovative food product. The pasteurized Guava pulp with sucrose was fermented with Lactobacillus brevis strain KU15152, for 72 hours, at 37°C. and further cooking was done followed by solidification of fermented guava jelly. The proximate analysis including moisture, ash, carbohydrate, protein and fats, along with functional properties such as antioxidants and antimicrobial was estimated of prepared fermented guava jelly. The results showed the presence of moisture (24.6%±1.20) in permissible limit. Ash and protein content was increased in comparison to fresh guava due to fermentation, while the total carbohydrate was decreased. The antioxidant potential has been increased after fermentation and demonstrates 20 µg/ml jelly extract showed potential radical scavenging activity, when compared with ascorbic acid. The antimicrobial properties showed a significant inhibition against gram positive and gram-negative bacteria. Thus the obtained results indicate that, Lactobacillus brevis strain KU15152 can be used as formulation of novel food product

EFFECT OF STATIC OPENER IN THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROME: A CASE REPORT

Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS), a challenging clinical scenario, arises from neurovascular compression within the thoracic outlet, resulting in upper extremity symptoms. This case study examines the effectiveness of the static opener technique, a conservative physical therapy approach targeting postural anomalies and muscle imbalances that contribute to TOS. A 45-year-old female office worker with persistent upper extremity pain, numbness, and weakness underwent a five-week intervention using the static opener method. Pre- and post-treatment objective assessments included pain intensity (Visual Analog Scale), numbness/tingling severity (Numeric Rating Scale), upper extremity strength (Manual Muscle Testing), and functional status (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire). The patient experienced a 50% reduction in pain intensity, a 57% reduction in numbness/tingling severity, improvement from 3/5 to 4/5 in upper extremity strength, and a 38% reduction in functional disability (as measured by the DASH score). The patient reported satisfaction with symptom relief and improved daily function. These findings suggest that the static opener technique may be a promising adjunctive therapy for managing TOS symptoms, and further research is needed to validate its effectiveness in larger, controlled studies

EFFECT OF MUSCLE ENERGY TECHNIQUE AND MUSCLE STIMULATOR FOR POST COLLES FRACTURE PATIENT: A CASE REPORT

Objective: This case study aims to assess the efficacy of Muscle Energy Technique (MET) and Muscle Stimulator (MS) in managing post-Colles fracture complications. Methods: A systematic review of literature published between 2008 and 2023 was conducted utilizing PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. The study focused on investigating the effects of MET and MS in post-Colles fracture rehabilitation. Results: The review revealed significant evidence demonstrating the positive impact of MET and MS on improving the health outcomes of individuals suffering from complications following Colles fractures. Various publications, including systematic reviews, randomized control trials, and case studies, highlighted the benefits of these interventions in reducing post-fracture complications. Conclusion: The findings suggest that MET and MS can effectively enhance range of motion, increase muscle strength, and alleviate complications associated with post-Colles fractures. Implementing these modalities as part of a comprehensive treatment protocol can help mitigate stiffness and improve overall rehabilitation outcomes. &nbsp

EFFECTIVENESS OF MANUAL THERAPY AND ADJUVANT THERAPY IN KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Background: A common degenerative joint condition called osteoarthritis (OA) is marked by increasing loss of cartilage, joint discomfort, and reduced function. Treatment plans for knee OA usually combine pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures. The potential benefits of manual and adjuvant therapy in controlling symptoms of OA have drawn interest among non-pharmacological techniques. Objective: This review of the literature intends to assess the impact of manual therapy and complementary therapies on knee OA. The main goals were to determine how effectively manual therapies and adjuvant therapies work to improve pain, function, and quality of life in people with knee OA. Methodology: A deliberate research of electronic databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase was carried out to pinpoint appropriate RCTs that were released from 2018 onwards. Result: Fifteen RCTs in all that met the inclusion criteria were found during the review. These studies' findings imply that manual therapies can significantly enhance pain alleviation, physical function, and patient-reported outcomes for people with osteoarthritis in their knees, either when used alone or in conjunction with adjunctive therapies. Conclusion: The use of manual and adjuvant therapy to address the symptoms of osteoarthritis in the knee shows potential. However, more investigation is necessary to determine the best course of action and the long-term effectiveness of manual and complementary therapy in the management of knee osteoarthritis. This includes large-scale RCTs with extended follow-up periods

IMPACT OF MCKENZIE METHOD WITH CONVENTIONAL THERAPY ON LUMBAR RADICULOPATHY: A CASE REPORT

Lower back pain is a prevalent and incapacitating global disorder, often attributed to factors such as prolonged standing, excess weight, and heavy lifting. Radiculopathy, a condition leading to lower back pain radiating to the lower extremities, is a common manifestation. This case study focuses on a 46-year-old businesswoman presenting with specific lower back discomfort and pain in her left lower extremity during certain movements. She reported experiencing severe lower back pain a month ago after an 8-hour standing period, with a Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) score of 8 and an Oswestry Disability Index score of 29, indicating a significant impact on her overall life. The McKenzie method, a prescribed exercise approach for spine management, was employed for diagnosis and treatment. This case study illustrates the clinical presentation, causes, diagnosis, radiological assessment, and management of lumbar radiculopathy using the McKenzie technique and Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS). The study spanned three weeks with three sessions per week, including reassessment after each week. The findings suggest that the McKenzie technique combined with TENS had a substantial positive impact in alleviating lumbar radiculopathy. &nbsp

EFFECTIVENESS OF SACRAL RELEASE TECHNIQUE COMBINED WITH CONVENTIONAL PHYSIOTHERAPY FOR MANAGING DYSMENORRHEA: A CASE STUDY

Background: Dysmenorrhea (menstrual cramps) is a common gynecological condition with painful menstruation as its main symptom. It negatively influences women’s quality of life and hampers their productivity and activities. While the exact etiology is unknown, increased prostaglandin levels and myofascial trigger points are thought to play a role. This study investigated the effectiveness of combining sacral release technique, a myofascial release therapy, with conventional physiotherapy for treating dysmenorrhea symptoms. Methods: A 23-year-old woman with clinically diagnosed primary dysmenorrhea was treated with a rehabilitation protocol consisting of sacral release technique, deep breathing exercises, and static stretching over the course of her menstrual period. Outcomes were measured pre- and post-intervention using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MEDI-Q). Results: Subsequently after the intervention all outcome indices indicated significant improvement for the patient. NPRS scores reduced from 6 to 4 indicating less pain intensity while broad MEDI-Q total score went down from 64 to 39 signifying improved menstrual symptoms along with distress due to periods in addition to over-all quality regarding daily living associated with menses. Conclusion: In Conclusion, combining sacral release technique, and traditional physiotherapy methods of deep breathing and stretching were effective in alleviating symptoms of woman during menstrual flow, reducing pain and improving quality of life for the mentioned patient. These findings indicate that having a sacral release along with other modalities may become another intervention in treating dysmenorrhea. Keywords: Dysmenorrhea, sacral release technique, Pain Management, conventional physiotherapy, case study. &nbsp

PREBIOTICS AND PROBIOTICS: AN OVERVIEW ON MECHANISM OF ACTION AND THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS

The current review explores the intricate mechanism and diverse therapeutic applications of prebiotics and probiotics in promoting gastrointestinal health. Prebiotics, nondigestible compounds, foster the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, while probiotics, live microorganisms directly contribute to the microbial balance. Therapeutically, these agents have demonstrated efficacy in treating and preventing various gastrointestinal conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome diseases, and antibiotic–associated diarrhoea. Additionally, their impact extends beyond the gut, influencing systemic conditions such as metabolic syndrome and mental health. Understanding the intricate interplay between prebiotics, probiotics, and the host provides insights into developing targeted interventions for personalized healthcare. This review highlights the evolving landscape of prebiotic and probiotic research, emphasizing their potential as innovative therapeutic tools for a range of health conditions

AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY TO DETERMINE THE RELIABILITY OF MODIFIED DIGITAL DYNAMOMETER TO CHECK THE STRENGTH OF FLEXOR HALLUCIS LONGUS MUSCLE

Purpose of the Study: To evaluate the reliability of a modified digital dynamometer for assessing the strength of the Flexor Hallucis Longus muscle (FHL) through maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Relevance: The device is easier to handle, portable, and more cost-effective than any other similar device to measure maximum voluntary isometric contraction. Participants: A total of 50 healthy subjects aged 18-30 were randomly recruited. Methods and Analysis: Subjects were seated in a high sitting position on the chair. A 4 mm board was placed under the sole except the toes. Participants were instructed to flex their great toe through a rope assembly attached to the modified digital dynamometer which was placed on a stable surface. The device measured the great toe flexor muscle strength in kilograms. The values were recorded independently by three observers and later values were converted into Newton. Result: The device shows excellent inter-rater reliability with an r value of 0.97, relative to FHL muscle strength. Conclusion: The tool is reliable in evaluating muscle strength through maximum voluntary contraction of the Flexor hallucis longus muscle, contributing to its potential use in clinical or research settings

EFFECTIVENESS OF GRADED MOTOR IMAGERY IN MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE

ABSTRACT Musculoskeletal disorders pose a significant global health burden with a substantial impact on individuals and healthcare systems. Graded Motor Imagery (GMI) is a novel and emerging approach in musculoskeletal rehabilitation based on the principles of neuroplasticity. This literature review aimed to evaluate the available evidence for the efficacy of GMI in diverse musculoskeletal pathologies. GMI is a multicomponent rehabilitation strategy that includes laterality recognition, motor imagery, and mirror therapy. It is hypothesized that the overall GMI program aims to create neural adaptations, reduce pain, and reduce disability. This review evaluated the effects of GMI from Randomized Controlled Trials on pain reduction, pain-related disability, strength, physical function, and fear of movement

IMPACT OF BLOOD FLOW RESTRICTION TRAINING AS A SUPPLEMENTAL REHABILITATION TECHNIQUE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC ANKLE INSTABILITY: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Background and purpose: This literature review objective is to appraise the outcome of the Impact of blood flow restriction training as a supplemental rehabilitation technique for chronic ankle instability patients. Methods:  This literature review constitutes the articles which were published in 2017-2023. The evidence search was performed on Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Pedro database and Cochrane Library. Results: According to 20 studies included in our review shows that BFR training has been useful in increasing muscle strength and hypertrophy; there was increased production of ATP in muscle mitochondria & Increased VO2 max along with other neuro-myogenic factors, which indicate increased adaptations post-injury. Conclusion: This literature review, according to selective studies, demonstrates that the addition of BFR in conventional rehabilitation resulted in increased muscle adaptations like strength and hypertrophy, along with increased balance and tissue remodelling and decreased pain perception, which could be beneficial in the treatment of ankle dysfunction