Optimize and Improve of The Welding Nugget in The Resistance Welding Process of Carbon Steel by Means of Surface Response Method

In industry develop mechanized and automated welding processes, the welding field taken a high place with raising demand for high production rates, quality, and high precision. Some problem faces resistance spot welding of carbon steel such as selecting suitable and optimum parameters of input process that control conditions, which help to gain requirement nugget quality or predicting the nugget quality. Mathematical models have been developed by (expert design program 7.1) utilizing the response surface methodology for the resistance spot welding of 2 mm thickness of carbon steel workpiece to relate important process control parameters like (welding current, electrode force as well as welding time) to an important nugget quality parameter. With utilize the response surface method to predict and optimizing the weld nugget volume in resistance spot welding of carbon steel. The weld nugget has been measured and finding out the effect of force and current on electrode penetrant depth (a). The study finding shown that the response surface methodology can be employed easily for developing mathematical models for predicting weld bead geometry within the workable region of process parameters

(Design Criteria for Silicone Rubber Insulators (Composite Insulator

Insulators are used to perform both the electrical and mechanical functions. As such the design of such materials should be made such that the insulators can perform the functions optimally without failing or break. Insulators are used to provide mechanical support as well as prevent the flow of electricity that is not required for the transmission of high voltage electricity. This research paper aims to discuss the design criteria for silicone rubber insulators. The method used in the study involved includes the review of literature from various sources regarding design standards for silicone rubber insulators. The results indicate the electrical and mechanical integrity are some of the most important aspects of insulators.  The composite insulators can thus be affected by elements such as chemicals, temperature, sunlight and humidity. The results of the study can be used to design successfully, construct and install reliable composite insulators to be used in high voltage electricity transmission lines.&nbsp