Investigation on stress distribution and prestress loss model of prestressed anchor cables considering corrosion-induced debonding

Corrosion can significantly impact the safety and stability of the entire structure by reducing the service life and load-bearing capacity of anchors. This study provides an in-depth examination of the effects of corrosion on prestressed anchor cables, covering the effects on the anchor cables themselves and the bond interface. The force characteristics and load transfer mechanisms within the anchorage structure were explored through a detailed analysis of the three key components: the anchor cable, the grout, and the surrounding rock. The distribution functions of axial force and interfacial shear stress considering the debonding of the anchor-grout interface were derived, and the prestressed corrosion damage model was further developed. Taking the anchoring project on the slopes in Nagasaki as an example, the stress distribution of anchor cables under different surrounding rock conditions was analyzed in depth. The results showed that the relative deformation of the grout and the surrounding rock decreases when the elasticity modulus of the surrounding rock increases, resulting in a reduced axial force in anchor cables and an increased interface shear stress. Thresholds exist for the effect of the total anchor length and radius on prestressing stability. When designing anchor structures in corrosive environments, there is no need to choose excessive anchor length or anchor radius to achieve better cost-effectiveness. In practical underground engineering, the force in anchor cables is transferred to the surrounding rock through the anchoring section, where the length of the anchorage section has a more direct impact on prestress transfer and stability.Rock Mechanics Bulletin, 4(2), art. no. 100189; 2025journal articl

Ecological overview of hard ticks (Ixodida: Ixodidae) in Nagasaki prefecture of western Japan during winter 2021–2022

In Japan, Japanese spotted fever, Lyme disease and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome caused by Ixodidae species are endemic. To prevent and control the diseases, fundamental understandings in tick ecology are crucial. Hence, this study aimed to analyse tick species richness and abundance across Nagasaki prefecture including its remote islands from a wide range of environments. A total of 74 sampling points screening during winter 2021–2022, using dragging method resulted in 14,883 tick samples (279 adults, 7148 nymphs and 7456 larvae) in 11 species belonging to four genera. Haemaphysalis flava dominated adult populations, while H. formosensis was predominant among nymphs. Both species are possible vectors of Japanese spotted fever and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome. The ecological analysis revealed more complex species distribution in the remote islands compering to the main island in both adults and nymphs. In addition, the ground temperature was a significant regulatory factor for both adults and nymphs. The research provides valuable insights on tick distributions, ecological groupings and environmental preferences in Nagasaki. These findings contribute to the fundamental understanding of tick ecology and could contribute to design strategies for tick population control and tick-borne disease prevention in Nagasaki or possibility to nearby areas.Scientific Reports, 15(1), art. no. 4114; 2025journal articl

Effects of primer components of silane and 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate on resin bonding to tribochemical silica-coated highly translucent zirconia

Nagasaki University (長崎大学)博士(歯学)Objectives: To assess the influence of different primer compositions—silane (S), 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP), and the combination of silane and MDP (S + MDP)—on the bonding performance of MDP-free and MDP-containing resin cements to highly translucent zirconia. Materials and methods: Tribochemical silica-coated zirconia plates were pretreated with one of three experimental primers, S, MDP, or S + MDP, with untreated specimens serving as controls. Subsequently, these plates were bonded to stainless-steel rods using either two MDP-free or two MDP-containing resin cements. Tensile bond strength was measured after 24 h (TC0) and following thermal cycling (4–60 °C for 10,000 cycles; TC10,000). Data were analyzed using a three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer post hoc tests (α = 0.05). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) assessed the elemental mass concentrations on the zirconia surfaces. Results: For MDP-free resin cements, MDP-treated specimens exhibited significantly greater bond strengths than controls, regardless of the aging conditions. However, a significant reduction in bond strength was observed between TC0 and TC10,000 in most of the MDP-free resin cement groups, except for one S + MDP group. Conversely, for MDP-containing resin cements, the S + MDP group exhibited no statistically significant differences between aging conditions. Notably, XPS analysis detected silicon, zirconium, and aluminum on the zirconia surfaces. Conclusions: No significant difference in tensile bond strength was observed between aging conditions for MDP-containing resin cements bonded to tribochemical silica-coated zirconia primed with S + MDP. Clinical relevance: The combination of MDP-containing primers and resin cements demonstrated superior bonding performance to tribochemical silica-coated zirconia.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1711号 学位授与年月日:令和7年6月4日Author: Fumika Tsuda, Keiichi Yoshida, Takashi SawaseCitation: Clinical Oral Investigations, 28, art. no. 638; 2024Nagasaki University (長崎大学), 博士(歯学) (2025-06-04)doctoral thesi

非公式組織概念の批判的検討―地域包括ケアシステムの実態分析を通じて―

Nagasaki University (長崎大学)博士(経営学)長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(経)甲第37号 学位授与年月日:令和7年3月19日Nagasaki University (長崎大学), 博士(経営学) (2025-03-19)doctoral thesi

Examining the Effectiveness of Ayres Sensory Integration® Intervention for Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder in Improving Motor Coordination and Daily Activity Function: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nagasaki University (長崎大学)博士(医学)Background: Ayres Sensory Integration® (ASI) intervention focuses on developing sensory processing abilities to improve motor coordination, executive functions, participation, and satisfaction in everyday activities. No well-designed research studies have addressed clearly the effectiveness of ASI intervention for children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) even though ASI intervention was effective for children with autism spectrum disorders. Methods and procedures: Seventeen children with DCD (aged 4-8.5 years old) were randomly assigned to either an intervention or a control group. ASI intervention was provided to the intervention group twice a week for 10 weeks. In addition to participants’ goals in daily activities, sensory integration abilities and motor coordination were assessed before and after the intervention. Outcomes and results: The split-plot factorial design demonstrated significant time × group interaction in the total score (F (1, 15) = 7.651, p = 0.014, partial η2= 0.338) and balance score (F (1, 15) = 11.163, p = 0.004, partial η2 = 0.427) of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition (MABC-2), with significant differences in simple main effects before and after intervention for the intervention group. The post-intervention Goal Attainment Scale (GAS) score showed a significant difference in the time × group interaction (F (1, 15) = 15.662, p = 0.001, partial η2 = 0.511) and a simple main effect in the intervention group. Conclusions: A short-term, intensive ASI intervention improves motor performance, coordination, and daily activities function in children with DCD.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1670号 学位授与年月日:令和7年3月5日Author: Yoko Yamanishi, Yasushi Orita, Mika Nagayoshi, Rie Nishimura, Tamae Shinjyo, Kumiko Masuda, Yuko Hayashi, Akio Nakai, Akira Imamura, L. Diane Parham, Ryoichiro IwanagaCitation: Cureus, 17(1), art. no. e76971; 2025Nagasaki University (長崎大学), 博士(医学) (2025-03-05)doctoral thesi

Improved survival among elderly patients with aggressive adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma: Impact of mogamulizumab-containing chemotherapy

Nagasaki University (長崎大学)博士(医学)Due to the poor prognosis of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), new treatments are urgently needed, especially for elderly patients with aggressive ATL. The anti-CCR4 antibody drug mogamulizumab (MOG) has been approved for the treatment of untreated ATL. To analyze the impact of MOG on elderly patients, we conducted a retrospective analysis of patients aged 70 years and older with aggressive ATL diagnosed at our institution between 2015 and 2021. Among 32 patients, including those who received best supportive care, the median survival time (MST) and 2-year overall survival (OS) rate were 14.6 months (range, 0.0–83.7), and 34.7% [95% confidence interval (CI), 18.2–51.9], respectively, which were better than outcomes in our previous study. The MST and 2-year OS for patients treated with MOG-containing chemotherapy were 18.1 months (range, 4.0–83.7) and 45.0% (95%CI, 23.1–64.7), respectively, demonstrating clear improvement. Adverse events observed with MOG-containing treatment, such as myelosuppression and skin rash, were similar to those reported previously. Univariate analysis identified comorbidity as a predictor of poor outcomes, but not intensity of MOG-containing treatment, suggesting a different mechanism of action than that of classical chemotherapy. Our study suggests that MOG-containing treatments are an option for elderly patients with ATL.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1676号 学位授与年月日:令和7年3月5日Author: Miki Hashimoto, Takeharu Kato, Kenichi Yokota, Hikaru Sakamoto, Makiko Horai, Masataka Taguchi, Hidehiro Itonaga, Shinya Sato, Maki Baba, Koji Ando, Yoshitaka Imaizumi, Yasushi MiyazakiCitation: International Journal of Hematology, 120, pp.694-704; 2024Nagasaki University (長崎大学), 博士(医学) (2025-03-05)doctoral thesi

Effective diagnosis of cervical fracture using postmortem computed tomography and autopsy findings

Nagasaki University (長崎大学)博士(医学)A common forensic problem is cervical fractures, which sometimes need to be diagnosed only by physical examination of the body, without imaging or autopsy. Despite reports from clinical practice describing the association between cervical fractures and head injury, we could not find any analysis of autopsy cases. In addition, discussion of the cervical fracture diagnosis by postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) appears limited. This study aimed to examine autopsy and PMCT findings and explore valid methods for the diagnosis. We analyzed autopsy cases of cervical fractures during the 7 years before (2004–2010) and after (2014–2020) the PMCT introduction in our department. In 2014–2020, 67 autopsy cases with cervical fractures were recorded, of which 61 (91 %) were related to blunt injury to the head. Those with cervical fractures had a significantly higher incidence of blunt injury to the head (p 50 % of cases. Of the external forces on the neck, “extension” accounted for 82.1 %. The cervical fracture-positive rate in all autopsy cases increased significantly from 11 (4.0 %) in 2004–2010 to 67 (8.2 %) in 2014–2020 (p = 0.021). From December 2015 to December 2020, when “cervical retroflexion” imaging was actively performed in PMCT, the cervical fracture diagnosis rate increased significantly from 57.1 % in the cervical normal position to 81.0 % with the addition of “cervical retroflexion” position (p = 0.021). Blunt head injury and PMCT in the “cervical retroflexion” position may be useful in the diagnosis of cervical fractures.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1662号 学位授与年月日:令和7年3月5日Author: Yoriko Shinba, Yuki Abe, Takanori Kohyama, Masahide Mitsuma, Hiromi Yamashita, Takehiko Murase, Kazuya IkematsuCitation: Legal Medicine, 72, art. no. 102555; 2024Nagasaki University (長崎大学), 博士(医学) (2025-03-05)doctoral thesi

Spawning characteristics and physiological research for hormone treatment to accelerate spawning of blacktip grouper

長崎大学学位論文 [学位記番号]博（水・環）甲第109号 [学位授与年月日]令和7年3月19日(2025-03-19)thesi

防災都市づくり計画の利点と課題に関する研究 －策定地域の取組みを踏まえて－

Japan is a country prone to earthquakes, and in addition, due to climate change, damage from torrential rains is increasing. Local governments are promoting the development of disaster prevention and mitigation cities that assume the occurrence of various disasters, and the basic plans for this are Rocal Disaster Management Plans and Municipal Urban Master Plans. However, it cannot be said that these two plans are fully coordinated. Therefore, in the wake of the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, the ``Disaster Prevention Urban Plan'' was established as a way to connect both sides. However, Disaster Prevention Urban plans are not based on laws and regulations, and therefore only a few local governments have developed them. The purpose of this study is to clarify the benefits and challenges associated with the formulation of Disaster Prevention Urban plans by investigating the process behind the formulation by local governments that are formulating Disaster Prevention Urban plans, specific measures, and the situation of residents after formulation. Based on the results of this interview, it is necessary to fully assess disaster risk at the beginning of planning, determine target disasters, and reflect this in measures. It is also assumed that more coordinated plans can be created by involving both the Local Disaster Management Plan and Municipal Master Plan planners. It is inferred that not only the planning but also holding briefing sessions and support for citizens after the planning and after disaster prevention projects will lead to improved disaster prevention awareness.長崎大学大学院工学研究科研究報告, 55(104), pp.86-93; 2025departmental bulletin pape

Animal medication: The passive prevention and active treatment of self and others

Parasites, bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens cause various diseases that affect an individual's behavior and reproductive fitness. The study of animal self-medication as a science started in the 1980s with research on primates. Since then, an increasing number of species ranging from insects to primates have shown the diversity of species medicating not only themselves but their kin and non-kin group members, leading to the recently recommended use of the more inclusive term, animal medication. Health maintenance and medication consist of prophylactic and therapeutic behaviors, including the ingestion or application to the body or placement in nests or burrows of biologically active substances; plants, animals, and minerals, of medicinal value. The medical behavioral strategies of animals can be broken down into four basic modes: (1) optimal behavioral avoidance and other forms of behavioral health maintenance; (2) passive prevention with medicinal foods; (3) direct treatment; and (4) anointment, fumigation, or wound treatment, each being performed for the control of parasites and pathogens, to improve health homeostasis and ultimately enhancing one's reproductive fitness. Modes 2, 3, and 4 behaviors are reviewed here with examples from across the animal kingdom.This is an update of Michael A. Huffman, Self-Medication: Passive Prevention and Active Treatment, Editor(s): Jae Chun Choe, Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior (Second Edition), Academics Press, 2019, Pages 696–702, ISBN 9780128132524, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809633-8.20883-2Reference Module in Life Sciences, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-29068-8.00115-Xboo