Produced water treatment by advanced oxidation processes

Different Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) such as photocatalysis, Fenton-based processes and ozonation were studied to include one of these technologies within an integrated solution for produced water (PW) polishing. Synthetic PWwas prepared adding toluene, xylene, naphthalene, phenol, acetic and malonic acids to a seawater matrix. Despite that in all AOPs studied in this work BTEX and naphthalene were removed, the efficiency (in terms of TOC removal) of each treatment varied largely. Among these techniques, photocatalysis was found to be the less effective for the treatment of PW, as TOC removals lower than 20% were obtained for the best scenario after 4 h treatment. In the contrary, best results were obtained by ozonation combined with H2O2, where all the organic components were removed, including a high percentage of acetic acid, which was not abated by the rest of the AOPs studied. The optimum conditions for ozonation were 4 g h−1 O3 and 1500 mg L−1 H2O2 at pH 10, where after 2 h a 74% of TOC removal was achieved and the acetic acid elimination was 78%. This condition enabled that ozonation process accounted for the lowest electric energy consumption per order of target compound destruction regarding total organic carbon (TOC)

Editorial

El número 10, centrado en el ámbito de la Lexicografía pedagógica digital desde diferentes perspectivas: tecnología con fines lexicográficos, recursos lexicográficos electrónicos multilingües y plurilingües; investigaciones de mercado en lexicografía comercial; tratamiento de adjetivos en diccionarios para aprendices extranjeros de español

Revolucions i moviments de dones

Quaderns de la Igualtat és una iniciativa de l’Observatori de la Igualtat de la Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Aquesta publicació representa la materialització de diverses mesures previstes al Pla d’igualtat de la URV (2007-2010), en què es plasma el compromís de la Universitat amb els valors de la igualtat i la no-discriminació. Quaderns de la Igualtat vol ser un espai que serveixi per difondre l’activitat investigadora en matèria de polítiques d’igualtat per raó de gènere i aspira a facilitar a la comunitat acadèmica i cientíἀca una nova eina al servei de la transferència de coneixement sobre dones i feminisme

Recursos lexicográficos electrónicos multilingües y plurilingües: definición y clasificación tipológico-descriptiva

Este estudio propone una clasificación de recursos lexicográficos electrónicos multilingües y plurilingües. Por una parte, la aplicación de criterios cuantitativos y cualitativos permitirá llevar a cabo una clasificación tipológica de herramientas lexicográficas, como diccionarios frente a plataformas y portales. Por otra parte, se aborda la distinción de recursos multilingües y plurilingües en términos de mayor o menor prototipicidad. Junto con la descripción de los diferentes recursos, el artículo presenta parámetros y propuestas tipológicas para la definición y delimitación de tipos de recursos electrónicos, en especial el diccionario multilingüe y los portales, y dibuja de manera más nítida el objeto de estudio de la lexicografía multilingüe y la plurilingüe. O, al menos, lo cuestiona

Approaching zero discharge concept in refineries by solar–assisted photoFenton and photo-catalysis processes

To undertake a better water management in Oil&Gas sector, it is essential to decrease the wastewater generation by increasing the current reused water rates. Focused on this motivation, this study presents the performances of solar-assisted photo-Fenton and heterogeneous photo-catalysis on refinery wastewater treatment for reuse purposes with the aim of zero discharge. While initial tests were made on synthetic refinery wastewater, real case studies were performed with two types of refinery effluent in order to test the feasibility of using AOPs either as a secondary or tertiary treatment. Even though heterogeneous photo-catalysis and a combined process showed promising results for the treatment of the refinery effluents, photo-Fenton treatment revealed a superior effectiveness for application in both secondary and tertiary treatment, considering the improvements on TOC removal, toxicity and biodegradability. Photo-Fenton as secondary treatment resulted as efficient as the biological treatment, reaching final TOC values ca. 20 mg/L and 88% of COD removal presenting values lower than those achieved after the biological treatment. Moreover, a marked increase in the BOD5/COD ratio from 0.38 to 0.83 was obtained. Furthermore, as a tertiary treatment, photo-Fenton process either with H2O2/COD=10 and H2O2/Fe2+=50 or H2O2/COD=4 and H2O2/Fe2+=10 provided a final TOC value<4 mg/L. This result reveals the possibility to reuse the effluent in the refinery plant, thus increasing the sustainability