立った状態で出土した素面記念物に関する一考察

Hasta la fecha, se ha encontrado una cantidad enorme de monumentos lisos en Mesoamérica. Sin embargo, suele haber muchas incógnitas sobre su posible función, y en algunos casos es difícil determinar si se trata de una estela o de un altar. Si los monumentos lisos tienen formas similares, es difícil definir su nombre. Teniendo en cuenta las huellas de su reutilización, también cuesta mucho trabajo determinar su uso. De hecho, hay casos en los que los monumentos pueden identificarse, basándose únicamente en su posición vertical. En este caso, el monumento liso puede considerarse sólo como una estela. Por otra parte, no se puede descartar que se trate de un monumento horizontal en proceso de producción o un altar. Por lo tanto, para ser considerado una “estela lisa”, debe estar en pie. Asimismo, un monumento liso acostado no es necesariamente un altar, considerándose la posibilidad de que una estela haya sido derribada en tiempos antiguos. En este trabajo, discutiremos los monumentos lisos excavados en la zona arqueológica de Chalchuapa, y los monumentos lisos encontrados en otras regiones de Mesoamérica desde la perspectiva de su contexto arqueológico. También se discutirá, cuál fue el papel de una estela lisa en Mesoamérica.departmental bulletin pape

ユーモアの失敗に対する価値観がユーモアスタイルと抑うつの関連に与える影響

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Read Aloud（音読）活動

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執筆者紹介・奥付

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初級クラスへの書道指導

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LT30_proceedings_kikuchi

This is data related to the manuscript "Cusped Electrical Conductivity in Spin-1 Chiral Fermion Systems Arising from Multifold Band Degeneracy" which is scheduled to be submitted to the Journal of Low Temperature Physics as part of the proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Low Temperature Physics (LT30).datase

Implementing Graph-based Traffic Scene Representation and its Downstream Application

doctoral thesi

Primitive chain network simulations of double peaks in viscosity growth curves of densely branched pom-pom polymer melts in fast shear flows

Despite many attempts, the molecular mechanism of the nonlinear viscoelastic response of polymeric liquids in fast shear flows has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we examined the viscosity growth curves for a few well-characterized, nearly monodisperse, densely branched pom-pom polystyrene melts. The viscosity growth curves exhibit double peaks rather than the widely reported (for most polymer melts) single peak. To investigate the underlying molecular mechanism responsible for the observed behavior, we conducted primitive chain network (multi-chain sliplink) simulations, and found that the first and second peaks correspond to arm orientation and backbone stretch, respectively. We further observed that backbone stretch is reduced by coherent molecular tumbling at the flow start-up, and hence the second peak intensity comes out comparable to that of the orientation-induced first peak. In our sample, the number of backbone entanglements is small, so the mechanism of branchpoint withdrawal does not play a significant role.journal articl

Transthyretin variants impact blood-nerve barrier and neuroinflammation in amyloidotic neuropathy

Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with polyneuropathy (ATTRv-PN) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding transthyretin (TTR). Although amyloid deposition is pathognomonic for diagnosis, this pathology in nervous tissues cannot fully account for nerve degeneration, implying additional pathophysiology for neurodegeneration, which, however, has not yet been elucidated fully. In this study, neuroinflammation in ATTRv-PN was investigated by examining nerve morphometry, the blood–nerve barrier and macrophage infiltration in the sural nerves of ATTRv-PN patients and the sciatic nerves of a complementary mouse system, i.e. the humanized knock-in hTTRA97S mouse. The direct effects of mutant TTR proteins were evaluated in these hTTRA97S mice in vivo and in a human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) model in vitro. This case–control and cross-sectional study included 19 patients [17 men; 62.9 ± 3.9 years of age; familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) stage 1, n = 11; FAP stage 2, n = 7; FAP stage 3, n = 1] with p.Ala117Ser (A97S) and 46 patients (39 men; 65.3 ± 11.4 years of age; FAP stage 1, n = 31; FAP stage 2, n = 12; FAP stage 3, n = 3) with p.Val50Met (V30M). Both genotypes had elevated protein in the CSF: 88.9% (16 cases in 18 patients) in A97S and 51.1% (23 cases in 45 patients) in V30M. The myelinated nerve fibres in sural nerves were markedly depleted in ATTRv-PN, and the myelinated nerve fibre density was inversely correlated with CSF protein, implying leakage of the blood–nerve barrier. The tight junction ultrastructure of the endoneurial microvessels in sural nerves was impaired, as indicated by the reduced expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). The cultured HUVECs that were not transfected with any TTR gene variant presented reduced ZO-1 expression when exposed to mutant recombinant TTR of A97S or V30M compared with wild-type TTR. Increased infiltration of macrophages with expression of the inflammasome maker, NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), suggested that polarization to the pro-inflammatory M1 lineage was robust in the sural nerves of ATTRv-PN patients and the sciatic nerves of hTTRA97S mice compared with those of controls and wild-type mice. In parallel, the mRNA expression of interleukin-1β was greater in the sural nerves of ATTRv-PN than in those of the controls. In conclusion, the disrupted blood–nerve barrier attributable to mutant TTR protein resulting in an increased CSF protein level was associated with nerve degeneration in ATTRv-PN via the infiltration of inflammatory macrophages and the production of inflammatory cytokines.journal articl

人文系研究者にとっての産官学連携

教育研究推進室の活動報告. 教育研究推進室主催の行事（FD・ワークショップ・その他）. FD報告departmental bulletin pape