An analysis of the European Enlargement Policy through years: the case of Western Balkans

No matter its peculiarities, enlargement policy through its conditionality policy instrument is viewed as the most successful EU foreign policy. It is argued that enlargement has strengthened and stabilized democracy in Europe. This review article discusses the enlargement policy towards the Western Balkans since the 2003 Thessaloniki Summit and the Union’s efforts and mechanisms to maintain enlargement at the forefront. These mechanisms include forums and summits of discussion between EU and Western Balkan key actors, various strategies on enlargement, and financial dedications to fostering reform implementation like IPA. The 2003 Summit is considered a critical point in regards to refocusing attention and efforts to enlargement and reaffirming a European future for the Balkan region; therefore, it is important to consider all alternations from that point in time. Thus, the aim is to look at enlargement policy through years and provide an insightful view to the enlargement credibility that allows us to critically review it. To achieve the set goal, this article employees the content analysis methodology. The results show that although the Commission has shown its commitment to enlargement from time to time, the enlargement policy has been at stake at different times from 2003. The raise of the populism right wing parties in Europe, the growth of eurospectis and spread of terrorism are few of the contributing factors to the enlargement fatigue

Building Sustainable Peace in International Relations - Dispute Settlement in WTO

In the absence of permanent utopian peace due to differences and certain interests emerging between states, disagreements between states are a frequent phenomenon that characterizes the international arena, so during the human history, there have been continuous efforts that have affirmed the resolution of disputes between states on a peaceful way. If so far, there are only two ways of resolving disputes: juristic and political measures, then the peaceful resolution of international disputes is a field that can be studied in several ways: in the juristic aspect of various acts of international character, respectively international conventions; in the diplomatic aspect of the practice of resolving different disagreements by peaceful means, as well as in economic terms, which implies the settlement of disputes that may arise between States from the competent WTO bodies, thus maintaining international peace and stability belongs to trade issues, which will be even more detailed study of our research

Why should National Economies be Based on Clusters - Positive and Negative Sites

The subject of research on this paper is the clusters and their contribution to the development of the innovation of national economies. They have been identified as one of the pillars for their rapid economic development. The relevance of the research on the innovation aspect of clusters, the development of the national economy both in the Republic of Macedonia and among the EU Member States stems from the role of clusters in overcoming economic problems on the one hand, as well as facilitation of the private initiative, acceleration of economic growth and the improvement of employment opportunities as factors of the economic development of countries on the other.In conditions of globalization of the world economy, the issue of developing the competitiveness of businesses and their contribution to national economies, is creating conditions for developing the private sector by providing favourable business climate and eliminating administrative and bureaucratic obstacles, is raised.The survey, conducted through data analysis in EU member states, confirmed the assumptions of the great importance and potential of clusters for the national economies of the EU member states

Marking the Victory in Ancient Greece: some Remarks on Classical Trophy Monuments

Victory monuments played a vital role in the life of individuals and the civilisation as a whole in ancient Greece. They were an embodied celebration and memorial, both of a specific triumph and of military conflict as such, keeping alive the memory of past actions that would otherwise be forgotten. They carried a message of success both for the present era and for future generations, who thus found a focus in which to admire and honour the courage of their ancestors. The Greeks believed that just as the gods directed and influenced individual human lives, they also decided on the outcomes of conflicts and they therefore considered it their duty to give thanks to them. At first, they gave thanks immediately after a battle by erecting a tropaion on the battlefield, which from the time of the Greek-Persian Wars began to be built from more durable materials. A further gesture was made later by dedicating other weapons captured from the enemy to the gods either at a Pan-Hellenic sanctuary such as Delphi, Olympia or Isthmia, or at a local temple. This was an established custom that was supposed to ensure the support and favour of the gods in subsequent conflicts. Another custom was that a certain period after the end of a war, permanent monuments would be erected by the winning side away from the battlefield and dedicated to a specific god – either within the structure of the victorious polis or at a sanctuary

Methods for measuring ICT and innovation in the case of Republic Macedonia

 This paper investigates the SII (Summary Innovation Index), GCI (Global Competitiveness Index), ICI (Innovation Capacity Index), GII (Global Innovation Index) and NRI (Networked Readiness Index) index as a tools about ICT and national innovation capacities in the case of the Republic of Macedonia and given countries. The concept of ICT and innovation and the methods for measuring it have been under constant dispute for decades. Without doubt, the measurement of ICT and innovation and theirs dynamics is of great importance for theoretical and empirical analysis of growth models, and to support the decision-making process of potential investors. Composite indicators are widely used to compare a variety of countries with different backgrounds and levels of development, but these indicators do not tell us much about the country-specific ICT and innovation environment. At the same time, there is a separate branch of literature, which analyses ICT and national innovation systems, characterizing only a specific country and discussing factors that may impact ICT and innovation performance in the country in question. In this paper we try to bridge these two approaches. First, we conduct a comparative analysis of the ICT and innovation performance of the countries using composite indicators, and second, we analyze factors that may explain the differences in ICT and innovation performance between the countries.

What’s Wrong To Kosova’s Peacebulding?

Two decades since the war ended in Kosova, difficulties, especially those of a political nature, worsened. The combination of local and international efforts have catalyzed and facilitated achieving the rule of law and interethnic reliability within the state of Kosovo, but not reconciliation. There are still to truths, an Albanian and a Serbian. Few of war criminals for Kosova’s crimes were sentenced. Hate speeches are again between. It appears that peace building is not as easily conceivable as initially thought, considering the lack of agreement between internal and international actors on the creation of a new state of Kosova. This article attempts to answer to what extent Kosovo’s peace building has been influenced by international ambiguity and wrongful decisions made by the Kosova’s institutions, highlighting the obstructive politics and agents such as political and socio-economic, interrupting inter-ethnic reconciliatory treatment toward sustainable peace in the Balkan region

Impact of e-recruitment strategies in enterprises of the Republic of Kosovo

This research presents a general theoretical overview and empirical research on e-recruitment strategies in enterprises of the Republic of Kosovo and at the same time evaluates the effect of e-recruitment on the employment process.The study mainly focused on data from the survey of 317 managers of different levels and owners of enterprises who are present or involved in the Strategic Human Resource Management process. These data argued for the increased potential of electronic recruitment for qualitative selection, competitive advantage and other benefits.Electronic recruitment, although not an official part of recruitment, significantly enhanced the recruitment process and changed the nature of the current recruitment process. Deillon (2014) defines electronic recruitment as a new information technology tool for selecting one of the most important human resource resources. While Barber (1998) defines it as an activity to fill positions efficiently and effectively

From ECSC to European Union: An Analysis of the Evolution of the Institutions of European Integration

The policymaking process of the European Union (EU) is particularly convoluted and reflects an institutional structure that is unique among governance entities. The institutional structure of the Union is complex, with a multitude of co-decision making and advisory bodies. The ways in which these institutions interact in the Union’s policymaking process (i.e., the EU’s organizational structure) is governed by a complex set of treaties. We argue that institutional and organizational structures have normative content because they embody specific ideologies of integration. A historical analysis of the evolution of European integration reveals that the peculiarities of the European Union's institutional and organizational structure are a result of the influence of three distinct ideologies about the desired nature of international organization: functionalism, intergovernmentalism, and federalism. The Union's roots as the European Coal and Steel Community and the ideas of Jean Monnet concerning the shape and path of European integration, moderated by federalist and intergovernmentalist ideas, were fundamental in determining the European Union’s institutional structure and shaping its policymaking process

Sandžak Between Interculturalism and Multiculturalism

Building a multicultural society is one way of finding a Vivendi mode for resolving the national status of autochthonous peoples, minorities, minority communities or minority groups in the country, without conflict and war. In such a society, these peoples and groups exercise their right to resolve their political status, their economic, cultural and social development through constitutional possibilities, through international documents, all through various democratic mechanisms - referenda, agreements, etc. In that way they regulate their right to internal-internal, and sometimes external-external self-determination, and thus acquire certain elements of their international legal subjectivity. In this paper, we want to make some clarifications on the construction and functioning of a multicultural and / or intercultural society, using the research of the author Andrea Semprini and his book on Multiculturalism in the United States, with the intention that this may serve as an instructive practical-theoretical example of solving similar problems in our former Yugoslav - above all, the Sandžak area

The Performance of establishing and developing new businesses in the Republic of Kosova 2017-2019

Given the fact that post-war Kosova was in a serious socio-economic situation, immediate recovery of the contry was needed. Kosova's post-war business challenges were enormous, Kosova's economy comprised a new and open economy driven by a centralized and regulated economy. So far, Kosova has made progress in business creation and development, but the challenges and problems remain significant. The International Interim Administration in Kosova established after 1999, which operated until 2003, enabled the temporary registration of businesses. After 2003 the business registration became a positive trend, where the temporary registration of businesses became permanent registration of businesses.The purpose of this paper is to analyze the establishment and development of new businesses, the establishment of new women-owned business structures in Kosova, analyze and identify the most preferred economic investment activities of these registered businesses. To achieve this purpose of comparative analysis and identification, the integrative review method is used