CLIMATE CHANGES AND THEIR PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL REPERCUSSIONS AMONG A SAMPLE OF RESIDENTS OF AKKAR GOVERNORATE

The study aimed to know the psychological and social repercussions of climate change among a sample of residents of Akkar Governorate in northern Lebanon in light of the variables of gender, economic status, and age group. The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach using the questionnaire as a tool for collecting data and information. The sample numbered 380 individuals, distributed according to the variables of gender, economic status, and age group, and they were chosen randomly. The sample members, residents of Akkar Governorate, feel a moderate degree of environmental anxiety and the psychological repercussions of environmental changes. The results showed that there were varying degrees among the sample members regarding the psychological repercussions of climate change to a high degree, others to a moderate degree, and some to a low degree. It has also been shown that they suffer from high psychological repercussions in terms of constant fear of infectious diseases spread today due to pollution, fear of losing food resources due to the climate changes we are witnessing, especially weather conditions, and constant fear of contracting a disease or epidemic spread due to climate change and the spread of pollution. It was also shown that there are fundamental differences with statistical significance at the level of the psychological and social repercussions of climate change due to the gender variable (males, females) in favor of females. There are fundamental differences indicative of the level of psychological and social repercussions of climate change due to the age group variable (adolescents, adults) in favor of adolescents

ART AND CLIMATE : A CREATIVE AWARENESS

The growing engagement of artists with ecological challenges is a significant trend in the Anthropocene era. Most often, some of them feel driven by a sense of responsibility regarding the impact of industry and consumer society on the environment. Their commitment becomes a form of activism, mobilization or even a simple commercial niche to exploit. By observing this enthusiasm in the art world for environmental issues, we can ask ourselves the following questions: despite their sometimes lack of in-depth knowledge, where does the role of artists begin and end in this complex universe? Does their commitment have real power to limit environmental damage? By opening the debate in areas that are not necessarily theirs (finance, industry, climatology, etc.), are they concretely contributing to raising public awareness and inspiring actions aimed at combating climate change

A PRACTICAL INTRUSION DETECTION APPROACH FOR ARP SPOOFING AND MITM IN LOCAL AREA NETWORKS

In modern network environments, the increasing sophistication of cyberattacks poses significant risks, particularly through Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) spoofing and Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attacks, which exploit vulnerabilities in local area networks. Existing tools often focus on detection or protection at the client side, leaving network-wide detection and response largely unaddressed. This paper presents a novel intrusion detection tool specifically designed to identify ARP spoofing and MITM attacks in real-time within local area networks. The system leverages Python and Scapy for low-level packet analysis and Flask for an intuitive web-based dashboard. Key features include network monitoring, attack detection through ARP table comparisons, logging capabilities, and attack attribution by identifying malicious IP addresses. The tool was tested in a controlled lab environment, demonstrating high accuracy in detecting ARP spoofing attempts, even in complex network scenarios. The findings underscore the tool\u27s potential as a foundational step toward developing comprehensive mitigation solutions for securing local networks. Future work aims to integrate automated mitigation strategies and expand the system\u27s applicability to larger network infrastructures

TOWARDS AN EXPANDED CONCEPT OF LEGAL AID: QATARI LAW AND UNITED NATIONS STANDARDS

The research examines challenges and legal solution facing legal aid in the national regulations in Qatar in light of the international standards and related governmental and non-governmental measures. It seeks to provide an overview from the legal approach in Qatar and international legal models, and monitoring Judge role in legal aid in all phases of disputes. The research reached some conclusions and recommendations that focus on strengthening legal aid guarantees, based on the introduction of developments in the concept and scope of legal aid and the extent to which it includes civil matters in addition to criminal matters. The research also presents the features of legal regulation of legal aid in Qatari law based on international standards, while monitoring the role of the judge in strengthening legal aid, leading to results and recommendations representing legislative amendments that contribute to the development of the legal system for legal aid in national legislation

CRYOTHERAPY IN THE FIELD OF ENDODONTICS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Cryotherapy is a recent approach in the field of endodontics. It is a remedy that subject tissue to low temperature. Low temperature induces vasoconstriction limiting inflammation, pain and edema and analgesia by reducing the nerve conduction velocity. The aim of this review is to point out the different and recent clinical applications of cryotherapy in the field of endodontics and to describe its physiology and its effect regarding postoperative pain and inflammation. A literature search from PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect and EBSCO databases and other resources using specific keywords results in articles to determine the effect of applying cryotherapy in the field of endodontics. Final irrigation by cold saline (2.5 °C) seemed to lower the root surface temperature inducing local anti-inflammation thus controlling the postoperative pain after root canal treatment. Recently it has been used for hemostasis in vital pulp therapy. Clinical and experimental studies are required to have a broad knowledge regarding the effect of cryotherapy in different points of endodontic treatments

RESTRICTING THE CRIMINAL JUDGE TO THE PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION

There is no doubt that the criminal judge enjoys wide discretion when weighing the evidence and in determining the extent of its strength when forming his certain conviction, whether it is related to the evidence concluded by the indictment authority or what was raised before the court in the case before him. However, the reader of the legal texts he cited The Palestinian legislator in procedural law, when discussing the criminal judge’s freedom of persuasion, notices its generality and lack of a general framework that shows the limits of that freedom that the judge enjoys and relies on it in his search for the factual truth of the criminal case. The authenticity of the case papers referred to the court, of which the preliminary investigation records are an essential part. From here, the main problem of the study arose, which centered on whether the records of the primary investigation could restrict the criminal judge to the inevitability of adopting it, and whether it is suitable to form a basis that suffices him alone in issuing his judgment. After conducting a comparative and analytical study of the texts of the relevant Palestinian and Lebanese laws, it appears that some preliminary investigation procedures may constitute a total restriction on the criminal judge’s freedom of conviction, especially if the conditions for their validity are met. In convicting the accused, if the Public Prosecution provides evidence of the circumstances in which he was accepted and the court is convinced that it was issued voluntarily and voluntarily, which means that the judge’s freedom is related to researching the extent to which the conditions for the validity of the confession are met, and if they are available, he must adopt it. Likewise, it is not always correct to say that the court is the supreme expert in the case, because if the judge assesses the necessity of resorting to expertise in technical or technical issues that are beyond the scope of his knowledge and understanding, then this is considered an admission of his necessity, and his departure from its results at the time or deviance from resorting to it. It is a departure from the logical and scientific method in its ruling, which is confirmed by many decisions issued by the Palestinian and Egyptian Courts of Cassatio

A STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR ATTAINING GOLDEN LEED CERTIFICATION FOR RESORTS

The contemporary landscape of engineering is witnessing a pivotal shift towards sustainability, encapsulated in the catchphrase GO GREEN . This global trend underscores a strategic emphasis on sustainable design, where engineering projects prioritize a delicate balance among environmental, societal, and economic considerations.” However, a persistent challenge in construction projects lies in their tendency to neglect environmental impact, contributing to increased contamination levels. This paper aims to introduce the Lodge in the Green project, meticulously aligned with LEED Certification principles. LEED, or Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, stands as the foremost green building rating system, highlighting its relevance in contemporary sustainable engineering practices.” Employing a qualitative approach, this paper systematically explores various facades of the Lodge in the Green project, commencing with a thorough illustration of the strategic pathway to attain the looked-for LEED certification. Subsequently, performing a detailed examination of the fixtures strategically selected in the project to fulfill LEED criteria. Additionally, the analysis delves into the project\u27s quantifiable achievements in energy efficiency, water conservation, and overall environmental stewardship. As for the impact of applying LEED criteria, it led to a 30% increase in water efficiency. In turn, this got translated into a decreased pumping demand for the water network resulting in 35% less greenhouse gas emissions. The former offered 18% savings over a 30-year period after assessing the short-term financial costs and the long-term savings. Last but foremost, by implementing the outlined strategy, “Lodge in the Green” innovatively attains 78 LEED points through its infrastructure design, which aligns with a Gold-LEED certification

THE FAITHFULNESS OF AN EXTENSION OF LAWRENCE-KRAMMER-BIGELOW REPRESENTATION ON THE GROUP OF CONJUGATING AUTOMORPHISMS CnC_n in the cases n=3n=3 and n=4n=4

Let $C_n$ be the group of conjugating automorphisms. V. Bardakov defined a representation $\rho$ of $C_n$, which is an extension of Lawrence-Krammer-Bigelow representation of the braid group $B_n$. Bardakov proved that the representation $\rho$ is unfaithful for $n \geq 5$. The cases $n=3,4$ remain open. M. N. Nasser and M. N. Abdulrahim made attempts towards the faithfulness of $\rho$ in the case $n=3$. In this work, we prove that $\rho$ is unfaithful in the both cases $n=3$ and $n=4$

RECONNEXION WITH NATURE AND SOLIDARITY, TWO MAJOR KEYS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST CLIMATE CATACLYSM IN C’EST LE MONDE A L’ENVERS BY NICOLAS VANIER

This study invites us to reflect on our modern lives where the dramatic consequences of global warming are manifesting on a planetary scale: droughts and famines, massive migrations, oil shortages and soaring prices, economic crises and conflicts, etc. . In this novel, the author pushes us to question the absurdity of our production, our dependence on the economy and our mode of consumption. It nevertheless highlights the moral values which make us capable of reaching a livable future. The story takes place at a time when all the social, climate, ecological and migrant crises that were brewing for years suddenly appear conjugate. In short, this is the great collapse. Severe heatwaves are hitting France and making daily life increasingly difficult. The resulting national power outage and fuel shortage are throwing the lives of millions of people into chaos. Among them, a wealthy couple, Stanislas and Sophie and their “eco-friendly” son Jonathan, living in Paris, will undertake a perilous journey by bike to reach the Morvan, where Stanislas had bought a farm some time earlier. When the family arrived at the farm, Patrick, the farmer, refuses to give the land to the Parisians because he did not benefit from the money received from the sale, having no longer any value. However, the two families end up learning to live together with the resources that nature offers them and thus defining the terms of a new lifestyle. This story could come out as anxiety-provoking, the author nevertheless shows confidence in human beings, believing in solidarity and resilience and adaptation. He finally calls for a reconnection between human beings and nature

THE EFFECT OF ANNONA MURICATA LEAVES’ EXTRACT ON WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY IN INDUCED COLORECTAL CANCER IN MICE

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant global health issue. The Wnt signaling pathway, activated by mutations in APC and β-catenin genes, plays a crucial role in CRC development, leading to the activation of inflammatory pathways involving COX-2 and iNOS, as well as the continuous transcription of cell cycle-related genes promoting CRC pathogenesis. Annona muricata (A. muricata), a tropical tree with various biological activities, including anti-cancerous properties, was investigated for its potential effect on mice induced with colon cancer using 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH, 20 mg/kg) over 12 weeks, and treated with oral A. muricata extract (100 mg/kg, 5 days/week). Methods: Histopathological analysis, qRT-PCR, ELISA and colorimetric assays were used to evaluate the effect of the extract on polyp counts, gene expression of key players of the Wnt pathway and COX-2 as well as iNOS activity, respectively. Results: Our study found that DMH-induced CRC tissues exhibited increased levels of Wnt, β-catenin, Tcf, Lef, c-Myc, Cyclin D1, COX-2, and iNOS, along with decreased APC and GSK3β expression. A. muricata extract, administered before or after treatment, significantly reversed these levels. Histopathological analysis also showed improved colonic architecture and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration with extract treatment. Conclusion: This study highlights A. muricata\u27s potential to inhibit CRC proliferation by deactivating the Wnt signaling pathway and regulating the expression of related genes. A. muricata may serve as both a chemopreventive and therapeutic natural product for CRC