Kvifor blir ikkje beredskapsanalyse meir brukt i kommunen?

Denne masteroppgåva tar føre seg verktøyet beredskapsanalyse som ledd i beredskapsplanlegginga i norske kommunar og forsøker å svare på problemstillinga «Kvifor blir ikkje beredskapsanalyse meir brukt i kommunen?» og forskingsspørsmålet «Kva skal til for at beredskapsanalyse skal bli meir brukt i kommunen?». Problemstillinga vart til etter ei innleiande undersøking som viste at beredskapsanalyse blir lite brukt ute i kommunane. Oppgåva bruker ein modell for sikkerheitsstyring av samfunnet som teoretisk grunnlag og rammeverk for framlegging av resultat og drøfting. Modellen består av ulike tilhøve innanfor rammevilkår, verkemiddel og mål som må vere på plass for at kommunen skal ha ein god beredskap, og at det må vere ein samanheng mellom desse tilhøva. I tillegg er teori knytt til beredskapsplanlegging og utarbeiding av beredskapsanalyse sentralt for oppgåva. For å få svar på problemstillinga og forskingsspørsmålet vart det gjennomført semistrukturerte intervju med tilsette frå til saman seks kommunar av ulik storleik, samt tilsette frå tre ulike statsforvaltarembete. Funna viser at det kan vere ein samanheng mellom storleik på kommunen og om den har gjennomført beredskapsanalyse eller ikkje. Knappe resursar er den overordna årsaka til at dei mindre kommunane ikkje gjennomfører beredskapsanalyse sidan dette fører til mangel på kompetanse og evne til å planlegge beredskap utover minimumskrava i lov og forskrift. Større kommunar har tilgang på spesialkompetanse og kan derfor ta i bruk andre metodar for å nå måla sine enn berre dei som blir lagt til grunn for å tilfredsstille eit minimumsnivå. Oppgåva peikar på at kompetansenivået knytt til samfunnssikkerheit og beredskap i dei mindre kommunane må hevast for at dei i større grad skal ta i bruk verktøyet beredskapsanalyse. Dette kan gjerast ved å samarbeide med andre kommunar om beredskapskoordinator og beredskapsråd, noko som ikkje nødvendigvis vil ha ein stor økonomisk kostnad for kommunen. Statlege myndigheiter kan i tillegg legge til rette ved å utarbeide ein generell rettleiar retta mot kommunen og elles følgje dei tettare opp

HOW DOES ZOMBIE LEADERSHIP AFFECTS INCLUSION OF DIVERSITY OF THOUGHTS (IDT) IN ORGANISATIONS?

This study explores the effects of Zombie Leadership, a regressive leadership paradigm rooted in outdated, leader-centric myths. Drawing from the insights of Haslam et al.’s (2024) framework, the research identifies three primary mechanisms through which Zombie Leadership undermines Inclusion of Diversity of Thought: the erosion of psychological safety, the homogenization of thought through groupthink, and the perpetuation of systemic inequalities that marginalize diverse perspectives. Case studies, like Boeing’s 737 MAX crisis, Kodak’s failure to adopt digital photography, and Nokia’s decline in the smartphone industry, demonstrate how these factors contribute to low innovation, employee disengagement and organizational stagnation. Quantitative research further supports these findings, indicating a 40% decline in idea-sharing in low psychological safety settings (Gallup, 2017) and a 60% slower problem-solving rate in homogenous teams (Page, 2007). The study also examines moderating factors like organizational culture, and team dynamics, showing how inclusive cultures (e.g., Google’s Project Aristotle) and collaborative dynamics (e.g., Microsoft under Nadella) can offset these negative effects. This research underscores the urgent need for organizations to dismantle Zombie Leadership practices and promote inclusive leadership models to enhance Inclusion of Diversity of Thought (IDT), drive innovation, and ensure long-term adaptabilit

Bildebehandling og Autonom Dokking med Fokus på 3D Modellering

This bachelor project explores different computer vision techniques in underwater environments, focusing on the development of a system for subsea image processing and autonomy. This work is done in collaboration with the student organization UiS Subsea, building on the foundation of \textit{Yme}, a remotely operated vehicle developed in 2023, with the goal of improving its capabilities in object detection, inspection and docking. The primary objective was to generate a 3D model of a coral head and measure its diameter, height and area of infection. Secondary objectives included object detection, subsea docking, path planning and obstacle avoidance. These tasks were addressed by processing video streams from \textit{Yme's} onboard cameras to identify relevant subsea structures and determine driving commands which were then sent to the graphical user interface. A modular image processing pipeline was designed and implemented, focusing on scalability and maintainability, ensuring that it can be easily adapted to other scenarios with different subsea targets. The system demonstrated reliable performance during land-based testing, where all core functionalities were validated under controlled conditions. In addition, some of these functionalities were tested on \textit{Yme} in the underwater environment, providing valuable insights into real-world performance and highlighting areas for future improvement. This project establishes a foundation for further development in subsea technology and highlights the potential of computer vision to improve situational awareness and autonomy in challenging underwater environments.This bachelor project explores different computer vision techniques in underwater environments, focusing on the development of a system for subsea image processing and autonomy. This work is done in collaboration with the student organization UiS Subsea, building on the foundation of \textit{Yme}, a remotely operated vehicle developed in 2023, with the goal of improving its capabilities in object detection, inspection and docking. The primary objective was to generate a 3D model of a coral head and measure its diameter, height and area of infection. Secondary objectives included object detection, subsea docking, path planning and obstacle avoidance. These tasks were addressed by processing video streams from \textit{Yme's} onboard cameras to identify relevant subsea structures and determine driving commands which were then sent to the graphical user interface. A modular image processing pipeline was designed and implemented, focusing on scalability and maintainability, ensuring that it can be easily adapted to other scenarios with different subsea targets. The system demonstrated reliable performance during land-based testing, where all core functionalities were validated under controlled conditions. In addition, some of these functionalities were tested on \textit{Yme} in the underwater environment, providing valuable insights into real-world performance and highlighting areas for future improvement. This project establishes a foundation for further development in subsea technology and highlights the potential of computer vision to improve situational awareness and autonomy in challenging underwater environments

Betydningsfulle kunstnere stjeler - kan imitering utvikle nyskapelse?

Dette er en analytisk tekst som undersøker en kreativ prosess der tidligere verk bevisst utforskes med mål om å emulere ideer i en ny kontekst for å oppnå nyskapelse. Gjennom en sammenligning mellom inspirasjonskildene som jeg har hatt og mitt eget verk, er målet å undersøke hvordan nyskapelse kan oppstå. Jeg beskriver utviklingen av min kreative prosess i arbeidet med en egen film, der jeg emulerer det audiovisuelle verket Of Woods and Seas (De Zen, 2023) og det musikalske verket Francisco (Nascimento, 1976) og hvordan begrensninger ikke nødvendigvis er en hindring, men snarere et verktøy. I tillegg til egne refleksjoner inkluderer jeg litteratur om kreativ tenkning for å belyse min opplevelse i kontekst av tidligere skildringer

«De må forstå at du vil dem vel» - Elevers mentale helse og barrierer for deltakelse i læringsfellesskapet: lærers rolle

Tema for denne studien var elevers mentale helse og barrierer for deltakelse i læringsfellesskapet, hvor lærers rolle skulle belyses i et overordnet inkluderende perspektiv. Studien ble utført som en case-studie, der datamaterialet ble konstruert gjennom kvalitative, semistrukturerte forskningsintervjuer med to målrettede utvalg for å svare på problemstillingen «Hvordan kan lærere trygges i ivaretakelsen av sosialt og emosjonelt sårbare elevers deltakelse i det yrkesfaglige læringsfellesskapet?» Det ble benyttet en hermeneutisk tilnærming og tematisk analyse for å identifisere sentrale mønstre og meningsinnhold i datamaterialet. Forskningsspørsmålet «På hvilke måter kan læreres erfaringer med Mini-RISK i ungdomsskolen bidra med nye perspektiver og til å støtte lærers rolle i inkluderingen av sosialt og emosjonelt sårbare elever med angstproblematikk på FBIE?» ga støtte til å svare på problemstillingen. Analysen og fortolkning av intervjuene av ungdomsskolelærerne med Mini-RISK-erfaringer la grunnlaget for videre analyse og fortolkning av FBIE-lærernes intervjuer. Et selvvalgt teoretisk rammeverk med hovedvekt på intersubjektivitet, mestringstro og anerkjennelse dannet, i kombinasjon med datamaterialet fra intervjuene, grunnlaget for den tematiske analysen. Gjennom analysen trådte flere temaer frem, og disse ble samlet i tre overordnede hovedkategorier: Kompetanse, Tid og rom, og Samspill. Innenfor hver av disse kategoriene ble ulike aspekter ved FBIE-lærerens rolle i arbeidet med å ivareta sosialt og emosjonelt sårbare elever analysert og diskutert i lys av relevant teori, med mål om å identifisere hva som kan bidra til å trygge læreren i denne rollen. To sentrale funn fremsto som særlig viktige for å svare på problemstillingen. For det første viste analysen at FBIE-lærere ofte arbeider i læringsfellesskap preget av et høyt antall sårbare elever. Her fremsto kompetanse om psykisk helse og forståelse av det dynamiske inkluderingsperspektivet som en varig og kontinuerlig prosess, som viktig for å redusere usikkerhet og trygge dem i rollen. For det andre ble det tydelig at FBIE-læreren kan trygges i vissheten om at den respekten, samt den relasjonelle og emosjonelle støtten de gir til hver enkelt elev, har stor betydning. Denne støtten bidrar ikke bare til ivaretakelse og inkludering av de sosialt og emosjonelt sårbare elevene, men også til utvikling og deltakelse for hele elevgruppen. Dette fordi deltakelse i fellesskapet er forankret i det intersubjektive samspillet mellom elever og lærere.The topic of this study was students’ mental health and barriers to participation in the learning community, with a particular focus on the teacher’s role within an overarching inclusive perspective. The study was conducted as a case study, where the data material was constructed through qualitative, semi-structured research interviews with two purposive samples, in order to address the research question: "How can teachers be supported in safeguarding the participation of socially and emotionally vulnerable students in the vocational learning community?" A hermeneutic approach and thematic analysis were employed to identify key patterns and meanings within the data. The sub-question "In what ways can teachers’ experiences with Mini-RISK at the lower secondary level contribute new perspectives and support the teacher’s role in including socially and emotionally vulnerable students with anxiety in vocational education and training (FBIE)?" served to support and elaborate the main research question. The analysis and interpretation of interviews with lower secondary teachers experienced with Mini-RISK formed the basis for further analysis and interpretation of interviews with FBIE teachers. A self-selected theoretical framework, with a main emphasis on intersubjectivity, self-efficacy, and recognition, combined with the interview data, formed the foundation for the thematic analysis. Through the analysis, several themes emerged, which were organized into three overarching categories: Competence, Time and Space, and Interaction. Within each of these categories, various aspects of the FBIE teacher’s role in supporting socially and emotionally vulnerable students were analyzed and discussed in light of relevant theory, with the aim of identifying factors that may help strengthen the teacher in this role. Two central findings emerged as particularly important in answering the research question. Firstly, the analysis showed that FBIE teachers often work in learning communities with a high number of vulnerable students. In this context, competence in mental health and an understanding of the dynamic inclusion perspective, as an ongoing and continuous process, were identified as key to reducing uncertainty and increasing confidence in the teacher’s role. Secondly, it became clear that FBIE teachers can be supported by the knowledge that the respect, relational, and emotional support they provide to each individual student plays a significant role. This support contributes not only to the care and inclusion of socially and emotionally vulnerable students, but also to the development and participation of the entire student group. This is because participation in the learning community is rooted in the intersubjective interaction between students and teachers

Utforming av grafisk brukergrensesnitt (GUI) for kontroll og overvåking av alle UiS Subsea ROV-er

This thesis describes the development of a topside interface for operating and monitoring an ROV, conducted by the GUI group within the UiS Subsea project. The focus was on creating a user-friendly and modular GUI, establishing real-time communication, and supporting responsive control for underwater operations. Due to the absence of key development groups, the team restored and adapted the 2023 ROV instead of building a new one. The GUI was designed to be compatible with both current and future ROV platforms, initially targeting the TAC Challenge, although the event was later canceled. Core objectives were achieved, including a stable communication system, Xbox controller integration for manual and autonomous modes, and clear visualization of key data such as thruster output, battery status, and sensor feedback. The final solution offers a scalable and maintainable foundation for future UiS Subsea projects.This thesis describes the development of a topside interface for operating and monitoring an ROV, conducted by the GUI group within the UiS Subsea project. The focus was on creating a user-friendly and modular GUI, establishing real-time communication, and supporting responsive control for underwater operations. Due to the absence of key development groups, the team restored and adapted the 2023 ROV instead of building a new one. The GUI was designed to be compatible with both current and future ROV platforms, initially targeting the TAC Challenge, although the event was later canceled. Core objectives were achieved, including a stable communication system, Xbox controller integration for manual and autonomous modes, and clear visualization of key data such as thruster output, battery status, and sensor feedback. The final solution offers a scalable and maintainable foundation for future UiS Subsea projects

Attention Mixture-of-Experts U-net for segmenting post-operative glioma

This thesis addresses the task of segmenting post-operative gliomas using the BraTS 2024 dataset. Accurate segmentation is important for monitor- ing how treatment affects the patient, and for planning further clinical care. However, such segmentation tasks are complicated by post-surgical changes in the brain. With swelling, leaking blood vessels, and small areas of necrosis making the tumor subregions diffuse and hard to distinguish. This project proposes and evaluates an Attention Mixture-of-Experts U-Net (Att-MoE U-Net), designed with region-specific expert networks to improve segmen- tation accuracy. The performance of this model was compared against a baseline multi-class Attention U-Net, along with a state of the art model from the BraTS 2024 challenge. Key findings revealed that the simpler Attention U-Net outperformed the more complex Att-MoE U-Net, achieving a mean dice score of 0.72 versus 0.57. The investigation suggests this performance gap is likely due to a time constraint placed on the project, making optimization of the MoE-model limited, leaving room for further work. Despite its lower dice score, the Att- MoE U-Net demonstrated a significant advantage in boundary delineation, achieving a mean Hausdorff Distance (HD95) score of 17.31 mm, which was better than the 1st model from the BraTS 2024 challenge. In conclusion, this work underscores that architectural complexity alone does not guarantee better performance and that time is required for a rig- orous optimization strategy. While the Att-MoE U-Net did not achieve the highest volumetric accuracy in this implementation, its boundary detection capabilities suggest it is a promising architecture that needs further research with more refined training.This thesis addresses the task of segmenting post-operative gliomas using the BraTS 2024 dataset. Accurate segmentation is important for monitor- ing how treatment affects the patient, and for planning further clinical care. However, such segmentation tasks are complicated by post-surgical changes in the brain. With swelling, leaking blood vessels, and small areas of necrosis making the tumor subregions diffuse and hard to distinguish. This project proposes and evaluates an Attention Mixture-of-Experts U-Net (Att-MoE U-Net), designed with region-specific expert networks to improve segmen- tation accuracy. The performance of this model was compared against a baseline multi-class Attention U-Net, along with a state of the art model from the BraTS 2024 challenge. Key findings revealed that the simpler Attention U-Net outperformed the more complex Att-MoE U-Net, achieving a mean dice score of 0.72 versus 0.57. The investigation suggests this performance gap is likely due to a time constraint placed on the project, making optimization of the MoE-model limited, leaving room for further work. Despite its lower dice score, the Att- MoE U-Net demonstrated a significant advantage in boundary delineation, achieving a mean Hausdorff Distance (HD95) score of 17.31 mm, which was better than the 1st model from the BraTS 2024 challenge. In conclusion, this work underscores that architectural complexity alone does not guarantee better performance and that time is required for a rig- orous optimization strategy. While the Att-MoE U-Net did not achieve the highest volumetric accuracy in this implementation, its boundary detection capabilities suggest it is a promising architecture that needs further research with more refined training

Når pressen revurderer publisering

Målet med denne oppgaven er å forstå NRKs beslutning om å avpublisere tv-serien «Team Ingebrigtsen» i lys av Vær varsom-plakaten, og om det var en riktig beslutning å ta av NRK. Oppgaven tar i bruk relevant teori om presseetikk og redaksjonelle avgjørelser, og bygger på den kvalitative metoden, tekstanalyse, hvor jeg analyserer NRKs pressemelding hvor de forklarer beslutningen om avpublisering av serien. Å ta hensyn til enkeltmennesker og vise respekt for deres privatliv, vise omtanke i forhold til publisering av innhold, samt at noen av de medvirkende var mindreårig var blant de viktigste funnene i analysen for å forklare NRKs beslutning i lys av Vær varsom-plakaten. Ved å drøfte funnene opp mot teori og stille spørsmålet om beslutningen var rett eller gal, er min konklusjon at flere etiske og yrkesfaglige prinsipper kommer i konflikt med hverandre. På bakgrunn av dette er det vanskelig å gi et klart svar på om det var rett eller galt. Tematikken må løftes opp og debatteres videre, samt at det er et behov for mer forskning på dette området