The Impact of Global Geopolitical Shifts on the Security of Northeast Asia and Mongolia

The current international situation is transforming rapidly, becoming more unstable and unpredictable. Major transitions and changes occurring in international relations and geopolitics. Unfavorable military and political factors have increased at the regional security theaters; therefore, the international security environment has worsened. In the Northeast Asian region, the geopolitical situation caused by the new "Cold War" still prevails. Northeast Asia contains economically developed relatively well-integrated countries but lacks the confidence-building mechanism and security cooperation. Now the Northeast Asian region is considered as the region with the highest probability of armed conflict arising from disputed territorial issues

Analysis of Solanum torvum leaves: GC-MS profiling, in vitro and in vivo bioactivity assessment, in silico ADME/T predictions and molecular docking

This research investigates the phytochemical, antioxidant, thrombolytic, and analgesic activities of the ethanolic extract from the leaves of Solanum torvum (S. torvum). 42 bioactive chemicals were identified by phytochemical screening and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The compounds included bis(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate, hexadecanoic acid, and 2R-Acetoxymethyl-1,3,3-trimethyl-4t-(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-1t-cyclohexanol. S. torvum showed potent antioxidant activity, with an IC50 value of 124.7 μg/mL, and significant thrombolytic potential, displaying 78.10% clot lysis at 1000 μg/mL. In the acetic acid-induced writhing test on Swiss Albino mice, S. torvum at a 400 mg/kg dose greatly reduced writhing by 60%, similar to diclofenac-Na (50 mg/kg). Replace additionally, molecular docking studies revealed strong binding scores of key compounds to targets such as tissue plasminogen activator and COX-2. ADME/T analysis further suggested their drug-likeness, safety, and pharmacological potential. These findings substantiate the therapeutic value of S. torvum in medicinal research and drug development. This study is novel for its integrated approach, combining phytochemical analysis, in vitro and in vivo assays, and in silico modeling. It identifies 42 compounds in S. torvum leaves, many newly reported, and demonstrates strong thrombolytic and analgesic activities, supported by molecular docking, highlighting its drug development potential

Using Microsoft Excel for Lesson Transcript Analysis

Transcript-Based Lesson Analysis (TBLA) involves transcribing entire lesson recordings into verbatim notes, followed by both quantitative and qualitative analyses to derive meaningful conclusions. This process demands substantial effort and time on the part of the researcher. For example, the researcher must listen to the lesson recording multiple times and transcribe every word spoken by both the teacher and students verbatim, ensuring complete accuracy without omissions or errors. Therefore, automating the TBLA process is essential not only for enhancing the reliability and accuracy of research findings but also for improving researcher productivity. This study introduces an automated digital tool for Transcript-Based Lesson Analysis (TBLA), developed using Microsoft Excel’s Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) and graphical user interface (GUI) functionalities. We applied the tool to analyze an 11th-grade mathematics lesson, demonstrating that the use of this automated digital tool not only facilitates the researcher’s workload but also enhances the validity and reliability of the results. In the future, the application of this digital tool can be expanded to enhance the outcomes of lesson analysis, facilitate lesson sensitivity analysis, and support the development of data-driven approaches in educational research

Eco-friendly synthesis of azo Schiff base ligand and its metal complexes: Anticancer, antidiabetic and antimicrobial activities

Now a days Cancer, Diabetics and other diseases are become major issue of the society. Due to this synthesis of potential medicines against it is a major challenge to the researcher and hence Schiff base ligand became an attracting class of researcher. The azo Schiff base ligands are most widely used in various fields such as medicinal, pharmacological, biological etc. due to its broad spectrum of biological activity. In this research paper we have synthesized the Azo-Schiff base ligand and its transition metal complexes by simple griding method. Synthesis via green approach and biological evolution of azo-Schiff base ligand and its Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and VO(II) metal complexes. These compounds were characterized by Mass, 1H-NMR, FT-IR, Elemental analysis, Molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility, UV-Vis., P-XRD, TGA etc. and were screened for biological activities. Synthesised azo-Schiff base ligand and it’s metal complexes were evaluated for their antimicrobial, antidiabetic as well as anticancer activities against various bacteria and fungi, acarbose and MCF-7 breast cancer cell line respectively. From the findings of various results we can conclude that the synthesized metal complexes exhibit higher biological activities than that of azo-Schiff base ligand

A Study of Indium phosphide and line graph of subdivision graph of H-naphtalenic nano-sheet via irregularity indices

In this article, we have taken the molecular graph of indium phosphide and line graph of subdivision graph of naphthalenic naphtalenicnano-sheet. Irregularity indices play an important role to describe the quantitative characterization of the non-regular graphs. In various problems and applications, particularly in the subject of chemistry and material engineering irregular indices have so many uses, thus it is very important to know about the irregularity of a molecular structure. Moreover, the evaluation of the irregularity of graphs is an important not only for QSPR and QSAR but also very effective for measuring the entropy, melting and boiling points, enthalpy of vaporization, and toxicity. We have also discussed the graphical behaviors of the above indicated structures

Validation of the Mongolian Version of the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) in Clinical Leaders of Hospital

Objective: Leadership is a critical determinant of healthcare quality, workforce development, and organizational performance. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ-5X), based on the Full Range Leadership Theory, is widely used to evaluate transformational, transactional, and passive-avoidant leadership styles. However, a culturally validated Mongolian version has not yet been available. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the MLQ-5X for clinical leaders working in hospitals across Mongolia. Methods: A cross-sectional methodological study was conducted between March and September 2022 in 11 provinces and Ulaanbaatar. The MLQ-5X was translated using WHO translation guidelines and underwent expert panel review, pilot testing, and psychometric evaluation. A total of 1,458 clinical leaders participated. Construct validity was assessed through Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses (EFA and CFtA). Reliability was measured using Cronbach’s alpha, and face validity was evaluated through participant feedback. Results: EFA supported the original nine-factor structure. CFA showed a good model fit (CFI = 0.93, TLI = 0.91, RMSEA = 0.056). Reliability was high across all subscales (α = 0.834–0.968), with overall reliability at 0.973. Face Validity Index scores indicated strong clarity (0.82) and comprehension (0.85). Conclusions: The Mongolian MLQ-5X is a valid and reliable tool for leadership assessment in healthcare settings

Association between prostate cancer development and TARBP1

Objective: Prostate cancer is the most frequent cancer among elderly men worldwide and second cause of cancer-related deaths in man. Prostate cancer characterized a clinically heterogeneous and genetic alterations in cells play a pivotal role in carcinogenesis. A detailed understandings of the genetic alterations in cancer cells are important for developing new therapeutic medicine. Transactivation response RNA-binding protein1 (TARBP1) encodes a protein with RNA-binding, tRNA methyltransferase activity, and RNA interference regulation functions, but its association with prostate cancer remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate clinical significance of TARBP1 in prostate cancer. Methods: Relative messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein expression of TARBP1 in prostate cancer cell and tumor tissue was determined by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. LNCaP cells with lentivirus vector to silence the expression of TARBP1 were injected into nude mice. After 24 days, the mice were killed and tumor tissues were excised. The size of tumors was measured using a ruler and body weight of mice were weighed using a scale. Results: Through qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis, we validated that the expression levels of TARBP1 was decreased in TARBP1-knockdown prostate cancer cell compared with cells transfected with negative control LV-shNC RNA. The tumor growths were significant smaller in the group B (LNCaP-LV-shTARBP1) compared with group A (LNCaP-LV-shNC). Knocking down TARBP1 significantly suppressed the tumor progression of BALB/C nude xenograft. Moreover, body weight of mice in LNCaP-LV-shNC group increased significant slowly compared with LNCaP-LV-shTARBP1 group. The result of western blot analysis for TARBP1 in tumor tissues from xenograft nude mice bearing orthotopic LNCaP tumors shows that the expression of TARBP1 was also significantly decreased in the LNCaP-LV-shTARBP1 group compared with LNCaP-LV-shNC group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: We revealed that the TARBP1 highly expressed in prostate cancer and its role in promoting tumor growth. TARBP1 could serve as a potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer treatment and it is also a biomarker for tumor diagnosis and prognosis

"The acheulean like" lithic industry in south eastern Mongolia: results of excavation at the ikh Mandal-3 site.

This article shares the findings from an archaeological survey and dig done in 2024 as part of a project by the Mongolian Academy of Sciences at the newly found archaeological site Ikh Mandal-3, which was discovered during a 2023 survey in Bayandelger soum, Sükhbaatar province. The site has preserved many bifacial tools important to Palae olithic research in Mongolia. Located on a high rocky terrace on the southern slope of Ar Gol, Ikh Mandal Mountain, preliminary survey results indicate that the site spans an area of approximately 230 x 120 metres and represents a set tlement-workshop complex with widely distributed lithic artefacts. We conducted a 2 x 1 meter test excavation near the site’s rock exposure in 2024, uncovering three distinct cultural layers. The test pit reached a depth of 56 cm, and stone tools were discovered in each layer. We examined the lithic regions to uncover the cultural background of the bifacial tools from Ikh Mandal. The bifaces from Ikh Mandal are relatively large and exhibit clear technological characteristics of Acheulean lithic production, allowing us to associate them with this technological tradition. Such tools are commonly found at Lower and Middle Palaeolithic sites across Africa, the Near East, Western Europe, China, Vietnam, India, the Caucasus, and other regions. Therefore, we attribute the lithic industry of Ikh Mandal to the Early middle pleistocene. Их мандал хайрхны 3-р сууринд хийсэн малтлага судалгаа: Монголын зүүн өмнөд бүс нутгаас илэрсэн “ашелийн хэв шинжит” чулуун зэвсгийн үйлдвэрлэл Хураангуй. ШУА-ийн грант төслийн хүрээнд 2024 онд Сүхбаатар аймгийн Баяндэлгэр сумын нутаг Их Мандал-3 чулуун зэвсгийн дурсгалт газарт хийсэн археологийн хайгуул судалгаа болон сорьц малтлагын үр дүнг энэ өгүүлэлд нийтэлж байна. Тухайн дурсгалыг өмнөх жил нь археологич С.Далантай шинээр илрүүлэн олсон юм. Монголын палеолитын судалгаанд онцгой ач холбогдолтой, чулуун зэвсэг үйлдвэрлэлийн өвөрмөц арга барилыг илэрхийлэхүйц олон тооны гилбэр зэвсэг болон том хэмжээтэй залтас, ялтас, цуулдас, багаж зэвсгүүд тус газарт хадгалагдан байна. Их Мандал хайрхны хормойг эмжин урсах Ар голын урд дэнж болох өндөр хадан хясаан дээрх дэвсэгт тухайн дурсгалт газар байрлана. Хайгуул судалгааны урьдчилсан үр дүнд 230 х 120 м талбайд чулуун зэвсгийн олдвор хэрэглэгдэхүүн нэлэнхийдээ тархсан суурин-дархны газар болох нь тогтоогдсон билээ. 2024 онд хадан дэл гаршийн дэргэд 2 х 1 м хэмжээтэй сорьц малтлагыг хийж гүйцэтгэсэн ба малтлагын дүнд гурван соёлт давхаргатай болох нь тогтоогдлоо. Сорьц малтлагын гүн 56 см гүнтэй болсон ба давхарга бүрээс чулуун зэвсгийн олдвор хэрэглэгдэхүүн илэрсэн юм. Нарийвчилсан хайгуул болон малтлагаас олдсон олдвор хэрэглэгдэхүүнийг төрөлжүүлэн ангилан, тодорхойлон, хөрш зэргэлдээх бүс нутгаас илэрч олдсон ижил төстэй олдвор хэрэглэгдэхүүнтэй харьцуулан Их Мандалын гилбэр зэвсгийн үйлдвэрлэлийн хүрээний асуудлыг хөндөн авч үзэж байна. Их Мандалаас олдож буй гилбэр зэвсгүүд хэмжээний хувьд харьцангуй том бөгөөд ашелийн чулуун зэвсэг үйлдвэрлэлийн үндсэн шинжийг тов тодорхой агуулдаг нь тухайн олдворуудыг энэ үйлдвэрлэлийн хүрээнд хамруулан үзэх боломжийг олгож байна. Ийм төрлийн эдлэлүүд Африк тив, Ойрх Дорнод, Баруун Европ, Хятад, Вьетнам, Энэтхэг, Кавказ болон бусад олон газрын доод, дунд палеолитын үеийн дурсгалуудад түгээмэл тархалттай байдаг юм. Иймд бид Их Мандал-3-ын чулуун зэвсгийн үйлдвэрлэлийг дунд плейстоцены түрүү шатанд холбогдуулан үзэх саналтай байна. Түлхүүр үгс: Их Мандал, гилбэр, пик хэлбэрийн зэвсэг, хянгар, хутга, шовх үзүүрт гурван талт зэвсэг, доод палеоли

Causes of bile thickening and its relationship with breakfast consumption among students of the school of Mongolian University of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Mongolian Traditional medicine has a history of more than 5000 years, and it is our insparable heritage created by the life experiences of the Mongolian ancestors. One of the cultural heritages of Mongolians is the culture of eating and drinking, which is basis of disease prevention, health care, and healthy living, according to the characteristics of the body, the place where they live, and the time and season. There are several causes of thickening of bile / coagulation /, among which not having breakfast is regurlarly is the most common cause. Breakfast not only gives a person energy and energy for the day, but also affects and concentration, so it is important to use it regularly and make it a habit

The Impact of Welfare Policies on Women\u27s Employment

This study uses microdata from the 2018, 2021, and 2022 surveys of the Household Socio-Economic Study (HSES) to evaluate the factors influencing employment using a limited dependent variable- probit model. It aims to assess the social support and welfare policy impact using a Difference-in-Differences (DID) estimation. The results show that when controlling for other factors, the likelihood of women being employed is 12.8% lower than that of men, and the likelihood of a woman receiving child benefits being employed is 12.1% lower. Therefore, it is possible to shift welfare support to targeted groups and provide tax benefits based on family circumstances to working households, thereby increasing their income and promoting employment. Эмэгтэйчүүдийн хөдөлмөр эрхлэлтэд үзүүлж буй халамжийн бодлогын нөлөөлөл Хураангуй: Энэхүү судалгааны ажлаар Өрхийн нийгэм, эдийн засгийн судалгааны 2018, 2021, 2022 онуудын өгөгдөл ашиглан хөдөлмөр эрхлэлтэд нөлөөлөгч хүчин зүйлсийг хязгаарлагдмал хамааран хувьсагчийн пробит загвар ашиглан судалж, Diffirence-in-Difference үнэлэгчээр бодлогын нөлөөг тооцохыг зорилоо. Үнэлгээний үр дүнд бусад хүчин зүйлсийн нөлөө тогтмол үед эмэгтэйчүүдийн хөдөлмөр эрхлэх магадлал эрэгтэйчүүдийнхээс 12.8 хувиар бага ба хүүхдийн мөнгөн тэтгэмж авдаг эмэгтэйн хөдөлмөр эрхлэлт нь 12.1 хувиар буурдаг байх магадлалтайг тогтоолоо. Иймд халамжийг зорилтот бүлэгт шилжүүлж, хөдөлмөр эрхэлж буй өрхөд гэр бүлийн нөхцөл байдлаас хамаарсан татварын хөнгөлөлт эдлүүлж, тэдний орлогыг өсгөх замаар хөдөлмөр эрхлэлтийг нэмэгдүүлэх боломжтой байна. Түлхүүр үгс: Эмэгтэйчүүдийн хөдөлмөр эрхлэлт, нийгмийн халамж, татварын хөнгөлөл