Correlation between Functional Movement Patterns and Performance Metrics in National Level Female Handball players

Background: Handball is a high-intensity, contact-based team sport that requires a combination of speed, agility, and explosive power. Purpose: This study examined the relationship between Functional Movement Screen (FMS) scores and physical performance metrics, including agility, sprinting speed, and vertical jump height among national-level female handball players in Bangladesh. Methods: This study employs a descriptive and observational research methodology. Twenty-five national-level female handball players aged 14 to 17 years participated in FMS assessments and performance tests, including the T-test, zig-zag agility test, 5m to 30m sprint tests, and arm-free countermovement jumps. Correlation analyses were performed using SPSS with significance set at p 0.05. Results: The total FMS score did not significantly correlate with most performance measures. However, specific FMS subtests particularly Shoulder Mobility and Active Straight Leg Raise (ASLR) showed moderate and significant correlations with agility (r = –0.38 to –0.42), short sprint times (r = –0.37 to –0.45), and jump performance (r = 0.44). Conclusions: These findings suggest that isolated movement patterns may better predict sport-specific performance than overall FMS scores. Coaches and practitioners may benefit from integrating targeted FMS assessments to optimize athletic performance and minimize injury risk in female handball athletes

Preservation and Transmission of Literacy Practices for the Zhuang Bronze Drum in Guangxi, China

This research investigates the preservation and transmission of literacy practices for the Zhuang Bronze Drum in Guangxi, China, emphasizing the role of education and community engagement in cultural heritage preservation. The study examines current practices and identifies challenges in sustaining this cultural artifact through a qualitative approach involving detailed interviews with five key informants and comprehensive document analysis. The findings reveal that material culture literacy practices, including meticulous documentation, robust legal frameworks, and effective conservation methods, are essential for safeguarding the Zhuang Bronze Drum. Educational initiatives, both formal and informal, play a vital role in transmitting cultural knowledge, while community engagement and technological innovations further enhance preservation efforts. However, globalization and urbanization pose significant threats, necessitating a balanced approach that integrates traditional and modern strategies. The study underscores the importance of involving local communities and cultural bearers in preservation efforts, offering practical recommendations for enhancing literacy practices in cultural transmission. These insights contribute to the broader discourse on cultural heritage preservation and provide a model for other cultural artifacts facing similar threats

Gender Differences in Grammar Performance: An Analysis of EFL Achievement Test Results from Saudi Diploma Students

The aim of this study was to examine the gender differences among EFL diploma students in grammar based on an English achievement test. This study was motivated by the observed challenges Saudi students face with mastering grammar, a crucial element of English proficiency that forms the basis of all four aspects of language: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Despite the same curriculum and evaluation systems in Saudi Arabia’s segregated educational context, little is known about possible gender-based disparities in grammar performance. Addressing this gap is important for promoting equitable teaching practices, refining evaluation procedures and optimizing learning outcomes. The study utilized a discrete-point multiple-choice grammar test, as part of an English achievement test, designed to assess students’ understanding of grammatical rules taught in their pre-intermediate English course. A total of 237 EFL diploma students (111 males and 126 females) completed the test, and the data were analyzed using an independent sample t-test to investigate differences in grammar performance between genders. The findings indicated no statistically significant differences between males and females, implying that their shared background, textbooks, and assessment standards may lead to comparable performance

Preservation and Transmission of Jinqian Ban in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China

This study focused on the preservation and transmission of Jinqian Ban in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province. The study employed a qualitative research method, which involved conducting interviews and making observations. Furthermore, it used ethnomusicology theory. The study results are as follows: The preservation of Jinqian Ban involves systematic documentation of its repertoire, institutional support, and recognition of its practitioners. Efforts include recording songs, archiving performances, and providing platforms for musicians through governmental and community initiatives. Transmission strategies emphasize education, with Jinqian Ban incorporated into school curricula and university programs to engage younger generations. Collaboration between expert inheritors and music educators ensures the continuity of traditional teaching methods, while school-based activities cultivate a broader base of practitioners and enthusiasts. Publicity efforts, including competitions, exhibitions, and digital media, enhance the visibility and appeal of Jinqian Ban. Additionally, integrating the art with local tourism highlights its cultural heritage, offering new opportunities for performers and expanding its audience. This research underscores the importance of a collaborative, multifaceted approach in preserving and transmitting Jinqian Ban, ensuring its relevance in contemporary contexts while maintaining its authenticity. Through these efforts, Jinqian Ban continues to thrive as a symbol of Sichuan’s rich cultural legacy

Strengthening the Discipline Integration and Professional Development of Calligraphy Teachers

This study explored the professional development issues, challenges, and opportunities faced by calligraphy teachers in the context of disciplinary integration. Descriptive survey was used in the study to explore the professional development of Calligraphy teachers’ discipline integration. Through questionnaire surveys and comprehensive analysis, it was found that calligraphy teachers generally believe that subject integration has a positive effect on improving teaching effectiveness and promoting comprehensive development of students. However, in actual teaching, they face the challenge of increased workload and difficulty in integration brought about by literacy in interdisciplinary teaching. In response to these challenges, calligraphy teachers have expressed an urgent need for professional development, especially in organizing classroom teaching and creating various book styles. This study suggests that schools should develop specific training and support plans to meet the professional development needs of calligraphy teachers; and apply the research results to educational practice, providing theoretical support and practical guidance for the innovation and development of calligraphy education

The Study and Development of Thai Traditional Medicine Knowledge through the Application of Local Wisdom: Extracting Substances from Aloe Vera for Strawberry Coating

This research aimed to study the traditional Thai medicine knowledge regarding the use of Aloe vera (Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f.) in food preservation, to investigate the effects of Aloe vera extract on coating strawberries, and to explore ways to transmit knowledge about Thai herbs and traditional Thai medicine for sustainable preservation and development. The research was divided into three parts: a qualitative study to gather knowledge from traditional healers and Thai medical texts, a quasi-experimental design to test the effectiveness of Aloe vera extract at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 20% (v/v) in coating 'Phra Ratchทาน 80' strawberries, and an analysis of current approaches to transmitting literacy about Thai herbs. The results showed that Aloe vera has long been used in food preservation due to the properties of polysaccharides that can create a thin film on the fruit surface, reducing water loss and preventing microbial growth. In addition, the experiment found that Aloe vera extract at a concentration of 5% (v/v) was most effective in reducing strawberry weight loss in the first 3 days and was able to inhibit mold growth better than concentrations of 10% and 20% (v/v), which supports the idea of using Thai herbs to replace synthetic chemicals in the agricultural and food industries. Regarding the transmission of literacy, it was found that traditional healers used methods of transmitting literacy through word of mouth from generation to generation, which has limitations in terms of unsystematic and accessibility for younger generations. This study proposed guidelines for developing and transmitting knowledge of Thai herbs through digital media, such as online databases, e-learning videos, and the development of specialized courses at the educational level. In addition, scientific research should be supported to increase the credibility of literacy in Thai herbs and develop them for practical use in the industry. The results of this research reflect the potential of Aloe vera in food preservation and emphasize the importance of preserving and developing literacy in Thai herbs for widespread use in the modern era, both at the community, educational, and industrial levels, for sustainable utilization of Thai herbs

An Investigation of the Musical Singing Style and Accompaniment for “Pingtan Li Diao” in Suzhou, China

This study explores the musical singing style and accompaniment characteristics of Suzhou Pingtan Li Diao in China, along with its societal role and protection policies. As an integral part of traditional Chinese culture, Suzhou Pingtan Li Diao boasts a long history and distinctive artistic appeal. The study aims to (1) examine its historical development and influencing factors, (2) analyze its musical singing style and accompaniment characteristics, and (3) evaluate its societal significance while proposing effective preservation strategies. Through a literature review, field research, and data analysis, the findings reveal that Suzhou Pingtan Li Diao originated in Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, deeply influenced by the local social, cultural, and historical context. Its musical singing style is characterized by a beautiful melody and flexible rhythm, while its social role includes preserving and promoting traditional Chinese culture, enriching public cultural life, fostering cultural exchange, and cultivating patriotism. To ensure its sustainability, this study recommends strengthening legislative and policy support at the national level, promoting cultural and educational initiatives at the societal level, and fostering a new generation of Pingtan artists to enhance artistic inheritance and innovation

Developing Vocal Literacy: The Efficiency of Basic Vocal Training Exercises for Students at Yamaha Music School in Mahasarakham, Thailand

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of basic vocal training exercises for students at Yamaha Music School in Mahasarakham, Thailand, using a quantitative research approach. The research focused on collecting measurable numerical data and was divided into two main components: content validity assessment and effectiveness evaluation of the exercises using the E1 and E² efficiency measures. The statistical methods used for data analysis included Arithmetic Mean, Percentage, and Standard Deviation (SD). The findings indicate that the developed vocal training exercises consist of five core components: Breathing and Breath Control, Correct Pronunciation, Listening and Singing on Pitch, Voice Range Development, and Expressing Emotions through Singing. The content validity assessment yielded an Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) of 0.95 and a Standard Deviation (SD) of 0.01, confirming that the exercises align well with academic standards and instructional objectives. The efficiency evaluation of the exercises (E1/E2) resulted in a score of 80.5/84.9, surpassing the standard benchmark of 80/80. These results demonstrate that the exercises effectively enhance students' fundamental vocal skills and can be successfully implemented to improve vocal training at Yamaha Music School, Mahasarakham, Thailand

The Role of Accordion Music in Guizhou Province, China

This study examines the historical development, cultural significance, and challenges facing accordion music in Guizhou Province, China. The accordion, introduced to Guizhou in the 1950s, became an integral part of music education and cultural expression, blending with local folk traditions. Over the decades, it played significant roles in education, entertainment, and aesthetic enrichment. However, its popularity has declined due to shifting musical preferences, competition from electronic instruments, and insufficient teaching resources. Despite these challenges, the accordion remains a vital cultural artifact, reflecting both historical influences and regional identity. This research explores its historical trajectory, social roles, and current state while emphasizing the need for revitalization efforts through education, cultural integration, and innovation. By addressing the structural issues within Guizhou’s accordion education system and performance landscape, this study provides insights into the preservation and future development of accordion music in the region. The findings highlight the importance of strengthening music education, encouraging new compositions, and adapting accordion traditions to contemporary musical trends, ensuring its continued relevance in Guizhou’s evolving cultural landscape

Goguryeo Tomb Murals in Ji’an: Visual Representation and Educational Practice

This study focuses on the visual symbolic features of the Goguryeo tomb murals in Ji’an and their application value in modern art education. It aims to explore innovative pathways for cultural symbols in educational transformation. Created between the 4th and 7th centuries, the Ji’an Goguryeo murals showcase the religious beliefs, social structure, and aesthetic ideals of the ancient Goguryeo Kingdom, forming an essential part of East Asian historical and cultural heritage. Although extensive research has been conducted on the historical and artistic value of these murals, their role in the educational transmission and transformation of heritage symbols remains underexplored. Using semiotic analysis, this study examines these mural symbols’ forms, functions, and cultural meanings, analyzing their digital re-creation within modern educational contexts. It further evaluates how these re-created symbols enhance students’ cross-cultural understanding, artistic expression, and creative capacities. The results demonstrate that digital creation endows traditional symbols with new interactivity and expressiveness within education, reinforcing students’ cultural identity and offering fresh insights for art and design education. This study provides theoretical and practical support for the application and innovation of traditional cultural symbols in digital education, expanding the scope of cultural heritage within contemporary education