A New Approach for The Automation of Spatial Data Updates Using ArcGIS ModelBuilder for Provincial Planning in The Region of Nghe An, Vietnam

Timely updating of administrative boundaries in national spatial databases is a critical component of modern territorial management, especially in the context of administrative restructuring in many countries. Traditional updating methods in ArcGIS remain largely manual, involving multiple discrete steps that are time-consuming and error-prone. This study proposes a semi-automated spatial data updating model using ModelBuilder within the ArcGIS environment to streamline the process into a single workflow. A case study was conducted in Nghe An province, Vietnam, which is undergoing commune-level administrative mergers. The proposed model reduced processing time by 70% while maintaining spatial accuracy in compliance with the VN-2000 coordinate system and current technical standards. The study has processed a large amount of spatial data that was collected from 2010 to 2024 in Nghe An province, Vietnam. The model was further piloted in three additional provinces and a regional planning project involving 14 northern midland and mountainous provinces, demonstrating its scalability and potential for integration into national and subnational planning databases. This approach provides a replicable solution for other countries facing similar administrative restructuring, supporting efficient and accurate spatial data management. The model also directly supports the integrated provincial planning process for the 2021–2030 period and beyond

Comparative Study Infused Mechanism Among Absorbance Materials to Improve Plant Growth

Agriculture is the practice of cultivating land, growing crops, and raising livestock for human consumption. The purpose of this experiment is to assess how successful zeolite, charcoal, and kaolin are as slow-release fertilizers by investigating the adsorption performance of zeolite as a nutrient-uptake agent using various samples. This paper discussed the three absorbents when infused with the fertilizer towards plant growth potentially for soil quality, conservation of water, and nutrient consumption. Since the infused absorbent shows the best quality in the retention of water and nutrients, it enables it to collect hazardous substances quickly and efficiently from environmental pollution. The mixture of the sample contains 80 grams of soil and 5 grams of infused zeolite, charcoal, and kaolin for planting green beans. Absorption and fertilizer testing were performed to see the physical properties of infused absorbent samples. In conclusion, the ability of zeolite and kaolin to retain nutrients was performed the best while charcoal slightly displayed growth of the plants as shown by the result of the height, length of leaf, pH level, and humidity of the soil

Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Bio-Based and Synthetic Petroleum Based Polymer Foams with Powder Type Organic Filler at Prolonged Ultra-Violet Exposure

Wood powder filler that have been added in the bio-based and epoxy polymer foams can be proved that it have ability to strengthen the structure of polymer foams. In this study, ‘Meranti’ type wood filler has been used as the filler. This study was developed to observe the pore size of each sample when expose to different hours of UV irradiation exposure using Optical Microscopy (OM). This study was also to compare the mechanical properties of every sample with different ratio filler of 0 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt%, 15wt% and 20 wt% at different hours of UV irradiation exposure which is 0 hour until 6,000 hours with increment of 2,000 hours. The testing was run by DMA Q800 TA machine. The samples that have 40 x 10 x 5 mm size were clamped in the machine to get the result of their mechanical properties. From the DMA testing, the results will show the value of tan delta, loss modulus and storage modulus. The value of tan delta shows that higher ratio filler will give the high value of tan delta. The epoxy polymer foams with powder filler have the highest value of tan delta compare to bio-based polymer foams. It proves that the higher filler ratio, the lower value of tan delta can be recorded.  The result of storage and loss modulus was found to increase as the more filler ratio filler in the polymer foams. The higher the loss modulus and storage modulus, the lower the temperature. Bio-based polymer foams with high powder filler ratio can dissipate more energy as energy are lost as heat during UV irradiation exposure

Integrated Cuckoo-Evolutionary Programming-Based Technique Incorporating Distribution Generation for Economic Dispatch in Power System

In electricity generation, optimizing operational costs remains a primary concern for power systems. Economic Dispatch (ED) has been extensively explored in the power system domain; however, the impact of compensating devices, such as Distributed Generation (DG), has not been thoroughly investigated and requires further study to enhance system efficiency. This paper introduces an integrated cuckoo-evolutionary programming-based technique, referred to as CSA-EP, which incorporates DG into the ED problem. The CSA-EP technique combines the Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) with Evolutionary Programming (EP) to optimize generation costs. The proposed method aims to identify the optimal power output for all generators in the system, minimizing overall generation costs. The proposed system was tested on the IEEE 30-Bus Reliability Test System (RTS) in solving the ED problem. In comparison to CSA and EP, the CSA-EP optimization technique demonstrated superior performance. Specifically, CSA-EP achieved a minimized cost of $2649.4932 per hour under base case conditions, whereas CSA alone yielded$5167.0848 per hour, and EP resulted in $3010.9971 per hour. In Case 1, IC-EP further demonstrated its effectiveness by achieving a minimized cost of$2649.4932 per hour, in contrast to $5529.7107 per hour for CSA and$4209.5214 per hour for EP. These results underscore the superior efficacy of the CSA-EP approach in minimizing generation costs

Study of the Durability Against Acid Sulfuric Attack and Accelerated Carbonation of Eco-Efficient Self-Compacting Concrete Blended with Marble Powder

Reinforced concrete structures can suffer from numerous problems such as the aggressivity of the environment and the carbonation phenomena. The introduction of fine industrial by-products (FIB) can reduce the permeability and hence improve the concrete durability. Marble industry generates high quantity of fine residue (marble powder) that can be used as FIB to produce an eco-cement. In this concern, five self-compacting concrete (SCC) mixtures were prepared using a constant water to binder ratio of 0.40, one as reference mix and four containing marble powder as a partial replacement of ordinary Portland cement (OPC). The durability of SCC subjected to sulfuric acid attack and accelerated carbonation were assessed. X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD) were carried out to identify the mineralogical composition before and after durability tests. The results have shown that the use of marble powder is beneficial to improve the resistance of SCC to acid sulfuric attack. However, the incorporation of marble powder seems to accelerate the carbonation of SCC specimens.

Effect of Particle Property on Coagulation and Degradation of Residual Rubber in Natural Rubber Wastewater

In natural rubber (NR) wastewater treatment, removal of residual rubber is necessary to apply closed anaerobic system for reduction of greenhouse gases emission. In this study, a combined system of an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) and a down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor with a pretreatment canal (PTC) for NR wastewater treatment were applied to evaluate the effect of particle property on residual rubber removal. In NR wastewater, major particle sizes of residual rubber were more than 1.0 µm, 0.45–0.1 µm and less than 0.1 µm. At an early stage of the PTC, smaller particle sizes of residual rubber were reduced, while middle particle sizes were increased. In contrast, at a later stage of the PTC with increasing biodegradability, larger particle sizes of residual rubber were reduced, while smaller particle sizes of residual rubber were increased. As residual rubber removers, Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas are detected for biological coagulation and degradation of residual rubber in the PTC, respectively. In contrast, predominant rubber-degrading bacteria in the DHS reactor is Gordonia. The early and later stages of the PTC function as rubber coagulation and rubber degradation stages, respectively. Furthermore, Pseudomonas and Gordonia are considered degradation bacteria for liquid rubber and solid rubber, respectively

Enhanced Solar Energy Conversion Through Optimized Multijunction Photovoltaic Cells

As technology advances, the demand for energy sources continues to grow. In response to this demand, renewable energy has emerged as a key solution, leveraging environmentally friendly methods such as photovoltaic technology. However, existing solar cells exhibit low efficiency and power conversion rates. This study aims to identify the optimal materials and number of junctions necessary to enhance solar cell efficiency through the multijunction concept, which has been modelled using Matlab Simulink. The research employed various equations to design solar cells, including calculations for energy bandgap, reverse leakage, short circuit current, open circuit voltage, and power output. The findings revealed that a quadruple junction utilizing specific semiconductor materials achieved an impressive efficiency of 58.84%, a notable improvement compared to the 11.03% efficiency of single-junction solar cells

Community Perspectives on Socio-Economic Impacts and Conservation Effectiveness at Melaka World Heritage Site

The effective design of policies, programmes, and projects (3Ps) requires a thorough understanding of their implementation, particularly in achieving intended objectives and assessing their socio-economic impacts on local communities. However, evaluations of such initiatives remain limited, including within the context of heritage sites such as Melaka. This study investigates local communities\u27 perspectives on the socio-economic impacts of World Heritage Site (WHS) designation and the effectiveness of conservation efforts in Melaka, Malaysia. Utilising a mixed-methods approach, the study incorporates quantitative survey data from 386 respondents, analysed using SPSS, alongside qualitative insights from interviews, examined through thematic analysis. The findings reveal that enhanced community pride is a key positive outcome, whereas traffic congestion is the most frequently reported negative consequence. While authorities are generally perceived favourably, concerns persist regarding insufficient community involvement in decision-making processes. The study highlights the critical need for integrating local perspectives more effectively in the early stages of 3P implementation to ensure sustainable heritage management and community well-being

A Comprehensive Review of Network and Communication in IoT Systems

The Internet of Things (IoT) represents a transformative domain in technology, integrating devices equipped with sensors, software, and connectivity to enable data exchange and automation. This paper discusses IoT networks and their communication protocols, highlighting applications across smart homes, industrial settings, and agriculture. It explores core technologies such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Cellular (4G/5G), and LoRa, emphasizing their advantages and limitations. The layered IoT architecture, from perception to application, is reviewed, detailing its impact on system performance. Challenges related to energy consumption, security, and scalability are also addressed. Key findings underscore the importance of tailored communication solutions and integrated protocols for optimized IoT performance

Comprehensive Study on Impact of Inserted Nanoparticles with Base Fluid on Heat Transfer Enhancement in Various Configurations

Many industrial and engineering applications have low thermal conductivity that affects heating or cooling processes, so the heat transfer process for these applications will be optimized by using small nanometer-sized particles such as metal, oxide, carbide, etc. dispersed in the basic fluid of the application, these particles are called nanofluids. This paper reviews the varying factors affecting the thermal conductivity of various nanomaterials under different conditions. All the authors focused on the thermal conductivity of nanoparticles to increase the heat transfer process, whereby increasing the percentage of nanoparticles, the thermal conductivity increases, and therefore the performance and efficiency of thermal systems increases. The size, shape, collision, aggregation, porous layer, melting point of nanoparticles, etc. are all parameters that affect the thermal conductivity of the nanomaterial, and their control determines the behavior of its increase or decrease. The use of nanofluid is a new and influential technology to improve heat transfer for the next generation. The results of the study indicated that the nanomaterial has an effect on increasing thermal conductivity by significantly raising the efficiency of thermal conductivity of the liquid and improving thermal convection, where the Brownian motion of nanoparticles contributes to improving thermal convection inside the liquid as well as reducing thermal resistance