Gravitational Acceleration: Its Determination from Gourami Jumping Motion Using Tracker Application

Jumping out of the water is one of the phenomena of aquatic animals. Analyzing the motions and routines of aquatic animals is a time-consuming process and tends to be subjective, prone to errors due to observer fatigue. In investigating the motion of objects is a difficult thought, but with the development of technology it becomes easy, one of them is by using the Tracker. This research aims to analyze the Gourami jumping motion using the Tracker in independent experiment activities about animal motion. The materials and tools needed include Gourami fish, Android camera, and Tracker application. The measurement results are the data on time, position, and the graph of motion. Gourami jumping motion is a parabolic motion consisting of uniform linear motion on the x-axis, while uniformly accelerated linear motion on the y-axis. The value of the gravitational acceleration can be determined from the graph and its value is close to the gravitational acceleration constant. The use of video analysis of the Gourami motion using the Tracker can be used in science learning, especially in physics experiment

Implementation of the Talaqqi Method in Memorizing Juz ‘Amma among Kindergarteners: A Case Study at Islamic Kindergarten, Banda Aceh

This study explores the implementation of the talaqqi method in Qur’anic memorization of Juz ‘Amma among kindergarten students at Baitussalihin Integrated Islamic Kindergarten in Banda Aceh. Although widely regarded as a foundational pedagogical approach in Islamic education, the talaqqi method remains understudied in early childhood contexts, particularly in relation to its interaction with home learning environments and parental support. The objective of this study is to examine how the talaqqi method is applied in classroom instruction, identify the supporting and inhibiting factors influencing its effectiveness, and assess the extent to which family-school collaboration affects children’s memorization outcomes. Employing a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through participatory observation and semi-structured interviews involving one principal, one teacher, one parent, and three students from Class B. Data were analyzed thematically using the Miles and Huberman interactive model. The findings reveal that while the talaqqi method was implemented systematically through phases of teacher recitation, student repetition (murājaʿah), and evaluation, its success was heavily influenced by contextual factors. Supporting elements included structured tahfīẓ programs, availability of auditory media, and parenting sessions. Inhibiting factors included inconsistent parental involvement, minimal follow-up at home, and difficulties in children’s articulation of makhārij al-ḥurūf. This study contributes to the growing literature on Qur’anic pedagogy by affirming that the effectiveness of talaqqi in early childhood education is not solely determined by instructional methods but also by the alignment between formal and informal learning contexts. Limitations of this study include its focus on a single institutional setting and reliance on qualitative data, which restrict generalizability. Future research should consider longitudinal or mixed-method designs to examine long-term memorization retention and the role of family engagement. Educators and curriculum developers are advised to integrate structured home-school communication mechanisms and provide training for parents in Qur’anic literacy facilitation

Screen Time vs. Active Play: How Digital Exposure Impacts the Acquisition of Fundamental Motor Skills in Early Childhood

Purpose – This study investigated the impact of daily recreational screen time and active play on the acquisition of fundamental motor skills (FMS) in preschool children in Indonesia. This study aimed to address the regional evidence gap in digital exposure and motor development.Design/methods/approach – This study investigated the impact of daily recreational screen time and active play on the acquisition of fundamental motor skills (FMS) in preschool children in Indonesia. This study aimed to address the regional evidence gap in digital exposure and motor development. A quantitative cross-sectional design with a comparative approach was used to study 120 children aged 4–6 years (57% girls) enrolled in eight kindergartens in Yogyakarta. Parents completed a validated 7-day home screen usage diary. Data collection techniques used an Observation Sheet during active play during school breaks, and a questionnaire to administer the Gross Motor Development Test-3. Analysis techniques used a multiple regression model controlling for age, gender, body mass index, and household socioeconomic status; mediation was tested with PROCESS v4.3.Findings – Average screen exposure was 114 min day¹ (SD = 46), with 42 % of children exceeding the 2 h guideline. High-screen users scored significantly lower on locomotor (M = 27.1 vs. 31.3) and object-control (M = 25.8 vs. 29.5) domains (p < .01). Each additional 30 min of active play predicted a 2.1-point increase in composite FMS (β = .34, p < .001) and partially mediated the negative screen-time effect (indirect β = –.09, 95 % CI = –.15 to –.04). Overall, screen time accounted for 18 % of the variance in FMS after covariate adjustment.Research implications/limitations – The cross-sectional approach cannot infer causality, and parent-reported diaries may under- or overestimate actual screen exposureChildcare policies should embed structured motor sessions and favour interactive, movement‑rich media over passive content.Practical implications – Early-childhood educators and health professionals should prioritise daily active-play opportunities and counsel families to limit recreational screens to <1 h day¹. Integrating motor-rich play modules into kindergarten curricula could mitigate digital-time trade-offs.Originality/value – This is the first Indonesian study to quantify the concurrent effects of screen use and active play on objectively measured FMS. The findings extend global evidence into a culturally specific context and highlight active play as a protective factor that can offset, but not fully negate, the detrimental motor effects of excessive screen exposure.Paper type Research pape

Development of Extreme Addition Mathematics Media to Improve Counting Skills of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Students

Low numeracy skills remain a persistent challenge in primary education, particularly in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI), where students often struggle with basic arithmetic operations such as addition. This study aims to develop Extreme Addition Mathematics media to enhance the counting skills of fourth-grade Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) students and evaluate its effectiveness. The research employed the Research and Development (R&D) method, guided by the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The media was validated by material, media, and learning experts using Aiken's V coefficient, with results of 0.87 (material), 0.91 (media), and 0.89 (learning), all exceeding the 0.75 threshold, confirming its validity. Implementation involved 57 students divided into an experimental group (n=29) using the media and a control group (n=28) with conventional methods. Pretest and posttest data were analysed using Shapiro-Wilk normality tests, Levene's homogeneity test, and independent t-tests. The experimental group showed a significant improvement, with posttest scores increasing from 40.72 to 86.90, compared to the control group's 49.40 to 72.79. The N-Gain score for the experimental group was 77.4%, categorised as "effective." Findings indicate that gamified, interactive media significantly enhance students' engagement and mastery of addition operations. The study concludes that Extreme Addition Mathematics is a practical and effective tool for improving numeracy skills, aligning with constructivist principles and addressing challenges in conventional teaching methods. Recommendations include expanding the media for other mathematical operations and adapting it to digital platforms for broader applicability

From Play to Spiritual Formation: A Literature Review on Dolanan Anak and Its Integration into Early Islamic Education

This study examines traditional Javanese children’s games (dolanan anak) as cultural artifacts that carry the potential for integrative Islamic pedagogy, particularly in embedding the values of tauhid (monotheism) and tazkiyatun nafs (spiritual purification) in early childhood education. Utilizing a qualitative library research method with a hermeneutic-thematic and ethnopedagogical approach, the research analyzes six classical Javanese manuscripts—Serat Centhini (1814), Javanesche Kinderspelen (1912), Serat Rarya Saraya (1913), Javaansche Meisjesspelen en Kinderliedjes (1930), KBG 926–928 (1930), and Dolanan ing Klaten (1942). The findings reveal that games such as sluku-sluku bathok, cak ingkling, cublak-cublak suweng, and gobag sodor not only develop children’s motor, cognitive, emotional, and social skills but also embody spiritual values such as honesty (amanah), patience (sabr), compassion (rahmah), and discipline. From the perspective of Islamic pedagogy, dolanan can be reconstructed as a medium for internalizing tauhid-based values through the reinforcement of fitrah (natural disposition), social ethics, and worship in interpersonal relations (mu’amalah). Games that involve self-control, deliberation, and cooperation align with the principles of tarbiyah Islamiyah as reflected in Surah Luqman [31]:13–19 and Surah At-Tahrim [66]:6. Traditional games also function as ta’dib (ethical cultivation) and tazkiyah when accompanied by Islamic narratives, prophetic exemplars, or short prayers integrated into play contexts. This study affirms that Javanese children’s games contain symbolic meanings aligned with Islamic values and can be adapted into early childhood curricula based on the integration of culture and religion. The findings pave the way for developing prophetic learning models that balance local cultural heritage and spiritual education, serving both as educational innovation and cultural preservation. Empirical validation in contemporary early childhood settings is needed to strengthen the contribution of this model to contextually grounded and holistic Islamic education

Analysis of Creative Thinking Skills of Senior High School Phase E Students through Mind Maps on The Subject of The Nature of Chemistry

The main problem in this study is that no analysis has been conducted on the level of creative thinking ability of students, especially in public high schools in the city of Padang, causing teachers to lack accurate data on the effectiveness of the learning efforts that have been implemented. This study aims to analyze the level of creative thinking ability of students in the subject of the nature of chemistry, which is examined in four aspects, namely fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. This study uses a descriptive method with a quantitative approach involving 40 students in phase E of SMAN Padang. Primary data was obtained from mind maps created by students and then analyzed using instruments. The results of the study were reviewed from each aspect, with the highest achievement obtained in the aspect of fluency with a percentage of 79.37%.  Furthermore, the flexibility aspect obtained a percentage of 75.00%, which indicates the students' ability to categorize concepts appropriately and diversely. The originality aspect was recorded with an achievement of 60.55%. Conversely, elaboration was the aspect with the lowest achievement, at only 26.66%, indicating that students still had difficulty elaborating ideas in detail and connecting concepts between hierarchies or within a single hierarchy. It can be concluded that the majority of students were in the less creative category, namely 29 students. Meanwhile, there were 10 students in the creative category, 1 student in the not creative category, and no students in the very creative category. Keywords: creative thinking; Essence of Chemistry; Mind Maps; Students in Phase E&nbsp

Etnomatematika: Bahan Ajar Digital Berbasis Budaya Pekalongan pada Materi Bentuk Aljabar

Terbatasnya bahan ajar matematika berbasis budaya menjadi sebuah persoalan dalam pembelajaran berbasis etnomatematika. Untuk itu penelitian ini berusaha mengembangkan bahan ajar berbasis budaya pekalongan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis kualitas dari bahan ajar digital pada materi bentuk aljabar kelas VII SMP/MTs dengan menggunakan konteks budaya Pekalongan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan model ADDIE yang terdiri dari lima tahapan, yaitu Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation. Instrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berupa angket, yang terdiri dari angket validasi bahan ajar dan angket respon siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan sudah divalidasi secara konten. Bahan ajar yang dikembangkan telah divalidasi oleh 3 orang ahli dan 5 orang praktisi. Bahan ajar ini juga diujicoba kepada 32 orang siswa di salah satu SMP Kabupaten Pekalongan. Bahan ajar yang dihasilkan berupa bahan ajar digital dalam bentuk flipbook. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar yang dikembangkan dinyatakan valid, praktis, dan efektif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar memenuhi kriteria sangat valid dengan rata-rata 84%, aspek kepraktisan 85% (sangat praktis). Bahan ajar efektif sebagai alat bantu guru dalam pembelajaran matematika yang ditandai dengan tigkat ketuntasan belajar siswa sebesar 84.38%

Instilling Religious Moderation in Early Childhood at Raudhatul Athfal Ponorogo: The Role of National Insight-Based Learning

Purpose – This study explores the role of national insight-based learning in fostering religious moderation among young children. It investigates how early childhood education can serve as a vehicle for instilling values of tolerance, respect, and moderation among young children, thereby contributing to developing well-rounded, socially responsible citizens.Design/methods/approach – Qualitative research with a case study approach involving five Early Childhood Education (ECE) teachers from Raudhatul Athfal (RA) Muslimat NU 007 Gandu I Ponorogo, East Java, ten parents, and 30 children. Data were collected through classroom observations, teacher interviews, and surveys with parents to understand how national insight-based learning is integrated into early childhood education using a context-sensitive instrument, the Moderation Attitude Scale for Early Childhood (MASEC) and PERAMAH framework. Thematic analysis was used to identify key patterns and insights from the data. First, all recordings were transcribed verbatim and read repeatedly to ensure familiarity. Next, an open coding process was conducted, and illustrative quotes were selected. A thematic map was created to show the relationships between themes.Findings – The findings suggest that national insight-based learning significantly promotes religious moderation in children. Children demonstrated increased awareness of religious diversity and tolerance through culturally responsive teaching methods, such as stories, activities, and discussions rooted in national identity and values. Additionally, educators noted improvements in children's ability to engage with peers from different religious backgrounds with respect and empathy.Research implications/limitations – The research highlights the potential of early childhood education to play a crucial role in shaping children's religious attitudes. However, the study is limited by its small sample size and the short-term nature of the observation period. Further, longitudinal studies are recommended to assess the long-term impact of national insight-based learning on religious moderation across different educational settings.Practical implications – This study offers insights for early childhood educators and policymakers, highlighting the importance of integrating national insight-based learning and promoting inclusive teaching to foster early religious tolerance.Originality/value – This study presents a novel perspective on integrating national identity and religious moderation in early childhood education, addressing a theoretical gap and proposing a replicable NIBL-based model for value formation.Paper type Case stud

The Relationship Between Calling and Early Childhood Teacher Engagement: An Analysis of Generational Differences

This study investigates the relationship between a sense of calling and work engagement among Early Childhood Education (ECE) teachers in Indonesia, underscoring the pivotal role of teachers in the educational transformation of the 21st century. A non-experimental, quantitative approach using correlational research methods was employed. Data were collected from 355 ECE teachers across Indonesia using the Early Childhood Teachers' Calling Scale (ECTCS) and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) to measure their sense of calling and work engagement, respectively. Spearman correlation, Mann–Whitney U, and Kruskal–Wallis tests were conducted for statistical analysis. The results showed a significant positive association between the sense of calling and work engagement among ECE teachers (r = 0.60, p < 0.0001). Specifically, higher levels of calling were associated with increased work engagement. The presence of family members in the teaching profession did not significantly affect teachers' sense of calling or work engagement (p = 0.07 > 0.05). The study revealed significant generational differences in calling and work engagement among ECE teachers, with notable variations across Generations X, Y, and Z. These findings contribute to understanding the factors influencing teachers' work engagement and highlight the importance of calling in educational settings. The results suggest that fostering a sense of calling could effectively enhance ECE teachers' work engagement, potentially improving educational outcomes and retention rates. However, the study's geographical focus on Indonesia may limit the generalizability of the findings to other cultural contexts. The results emphasize how intrinsic motivation shapes teacher engagement and commitment, suggesting implications for professional development and retention strategies. Future research should include longitudinal studies, broader geographic sampling, and investigations into interventions that strengthen teachers' sense of calling. This study contributes to the literature by emphasizing the role of intrinsic motivation in ECE teacher engagement, providing a foundation for future research in this critical educational domain

Screen Time vs. Speaking Time: A Qualitative Comparison of Speech Development in Toddlers with Different Gadget Use Patterns

Purpose – This study investigates how different gadget use patterns affect toddler speech develop-ment, addressing concerns about passive screen time limiting verbal interaction opportunities.Design/methods/approach – A qualitative case study design was used to gain in-depth insights into children’s behavior in their social context. Participants were selected purposively based on parental reports of gadget use. Inclusion criteria were toddlers aged 1 year 8 months to 4 years (M = 2.75 years) with typical development and no diagnosed disorders. Exclusion criteria included neurological conditions and prior speech-language therapy. The final sample consisted of 16 toddlers (7 girls, 9 boys), categorized into intensive users (frequent, prolonged exposure to non-interactive content) and limited users (gadgets used mainly for calls or video chats with relatives). Data collection included semi-structured parent interviews (30–45 minutes), naturalistic observation, and developmental screenings by a licensed child psychologist. Validity was ensured through triangulation and member checking. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis involving coding, categorization, and theme development.Findings – Thematic analysis identified three key themes: rich verbal interaction fosters early speech, passive screen exposure hinders language acquisition, and early or unsupervised gadget use disrupts developmental timing. Children with limited gadget use developed age-appropriate speech, used spontaneous verbal expressions, and required no speech therapy. In contrast, toddlers with intensive gadget use showed limited vocabulary, reduced responsiveness, and in many cases required speech therapy. These developmental disparities were closely linked to differences in caregiver interaction, content type, and exposure duration.Research implications/limitations – This study offers contextual insight from Indonesia using triangulated qualitative methods, though its small sample limits generalizability. Broader, mixed-method studies are recommended.Practical implications – The findings emphasize limiting passive gadget use and encouraging active verbal interaction. Parenting programs and early education should promote language-rich environments and conscious media use. Digital tools should support interactive, not passive, use. Early intervention, including parental involvement and therapy, is essential.Originality/value – This study adds to the discourse on early media exposure by offering practical insights for parents, educators, and policymakers to support toddlers’ speech development.Paper type Research pape