PERAN NOTARIS DALAM MEKANISME AGUNAN YANG DIAMBIL ALIH (AYDA) SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN KREDIT MACET

Kredit merupakan salah satu produk Bank yang menjadi salah satu faktor pertumbuhan ekonomi di masyarakat. Sebelum memberikan kredit Bank terlebih dahulu melakukan analisis terhadap debitur dan agunan yang dijaminkan untuk menghindarai persoalan yang dapat merugikan Bank. Akan tetapi kemungkinan terjadinya kredit macet tidak dapat dihindari. Sehingga terhadap kredit macet Undang-Undang Perbankan sudah mengatur terkait pengambilalihan agunan baik melalui pelelangan maupun diluar pelelangan. Merujuk pada Pasal 6 UU Hak Tanggung hal pertama yang dilakukan oleh bank dalam mengatasi kredit macet adalah melalui pelelangan. Akan tetapi, hal ini memakan banyak waktu dan biaya. Sehinga bank lebih memilih untuk menyelesaikan kredit macet melalui non litigasi yaitu dengan Mekanisme Agunan Yang Diambil Alih (AYDA). Dalam mekanisme AYDA ini tidak terlepas dari peran Notaris sebagai Pejabat Umum yang memiliki kewenangan dalam pembuatan akta otentik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di Bank BPR Palembang menyimpulkan bahwa pertama, Notaris berperan penting dalam mekanisme AYDA sebagai pejabat umum yang diberikan kewenangan oleh Undnag-Undang Jabatan Notaris untuk membuat akta otentik. Notaris juga berperan sebagai Pejabat Lelang Kelas II karena memiliki kewenangan untuk membuat akta risalah lelang. Kedua kewenangan Notaris didalam UUJN hanya diatur sebagai Pejabat Umum yang berwenang untuk membuat akta otentik dan membuat akta risalah lelang. Terkait kewenangan Notaris dalam penyelesaian kredit macet dan ketentuan Notaris dapat menjadi Pejabat Lelang tidak diatur di dalam UUJN Kata Kunci: Lelang; Agunan Yang Diambil Alih; Kredit Mace

Countervailing Duties on Transnational Subsidies: WTO Review of the EU Case Against Indonesian Stainless Steel

Transnational subsidies are financial assistance provided by a country to industries operating in another country in order to increase trade on a global scale. Transnational subsidies are used frequently in practical cooperation between countries. However, since the European Union imposed countervailing duties on products from Egypt and subsequently on Indonesian stainless-steel products, the concept of transnational subsidies has given rise to debate regarding subsidy regulations in international trade law. This research is aimed at analyzing the existence of transnational subsidy regulations under WTO regulations and the validity of applying the European Union's compensation import duty burden to stainless steel products from Indonesia which are suspected of receiving financial assistance from China through a cooperation project between the Chinese-Indonesian government. This research is research normative juridical which uses statutory, conceptual, case and philosophical approaches. The research results show that the transnational subsidy provisions regulated in the EU FSR are in accordance with the aim of prohibiting subsidies in international trade but are not recognized in the provisions of the SCM Agreement and GATT 1994

Konsep Hukum Pengelolaan Dan Pemanfaatan Tanah Berdasarkan Hukum Adat Sebagai Bahan Hukum Tanah Nasional (Studi Sejarah Hukum Tanah di Daerah Semende, Kabupaten Muara Enim, Provinsi Sumetera Selatan)

Ketimpangan Pemilikan dan Penguasaan Tanah berkorelasi dengan tingkat kesejahteraan penduduk Indonesia, karena Sebagian besar penduduk masih menggantungkan pemenuhan kebutuhan hidupnya pada pemanfaatan tanah dan hasil-hasilnya. Upaya memiminimalisir ketimpangan pemilikan dan penguasaan tanah dapat dilakukan dengan terlebih dahulu melakukan  reorientasi, yang dilanjutkan dengan rekonstruksi hukum agraria nasional, khususnya hukum tanah. Existing Condition pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan tanah berdasarkan perundang-undangan mengarah pada konsep hukum perdata barat, yang menempatkan tanah sebatas komoditas, bukan sebagai asset. Hal ini menunjukkan pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan  pelaksanaan UUPA teridentifikasi menyimpang dari amanat Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria yang menempatkan  Hukum Adat sebagai dasar pengaturannya, dengan prioritas pemilikan/penguasaan tanah pada rakyat, berdasarkan kedudukannya sebagai Natuurlijke Persoon atas dasar hubungan yang bersifat magis religius.  Kajian normatif ini membahas konsep hukum hukum asli pengelolaan dan pemanfatan tanah oleh organisasi masyarakat hukum adat/penguasa adat, maupun individu sebagai anggota masyarakat hukum adat, serta menawarkan konsep yang seharusnya diambil berdasarkan hukum adat semende dalam rangka pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan agraria nasional, khususnya hukum tanah. Berdasarkan kajian yang dilakukan ditemukan konsep hukum tanah  asli semede bahwa, pada hakekatnya tanah adalah milik Tuhan.  Tuhan menetapkan hak memanfaatkan tanah bagi manusia, dan Pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan tanah tersebut dilakukan dibawah pimpinan penguasa adat berdasarkan pembedaan kepentingan umum dan kepentingan pribadi, bukan dalam arti pemisahan, sebagai upaya menjaga akses individu sebagai anggota paguyuban masyarakat hukum adat terhadap tanah  tetap terjamin

Protecting the Right to Clean Water: Legal Challenges and Solutions for River Pollution in Kurdistan

Access to clean water is a fundamental human right recognised by the United Nations. However, in Iraq, particularly in the Kurdistan region, this right is under significant threat due to severe pollution and contamination of rivers. While the Iraqi Constitution and environmental laws indirectly acknowledge the right to clean water, the legal and institutional framework for river protection remains inadequate. This study focuses on the Tanjero River as a case study to assess Iraq's legal framework and enforcement mechanisms for water resource protection. This study identifies critical gaps in legislation and enforcement through a qualitative and socio-legal methodology, including interviews and analysis of relevant laws such as Law No. 8 (2008) for Environmental Protection and Improvement. The findings reveal that the Tanjero River's pollution is primarily caused by mismanagement of water resources, insufficient legislation, weak enforcement, lack of coordination, and inadequate infrastructure. The Kurdistan Regional Government must prioritise sustainable water resource management, establish a comprehensive legal framework, and implement rigorous enforcement measures to address these issues. These steps are essential to safeguarding the right to clean water, protecting public health, and promoting sustainable development in the region

Supremasi Sipil Vs. Supremasi Militer: Pejabat Pembantu Presiden Non-Kementerian dalam Bingkai Reformasi Konstitusi

Penelitian ini mengkaji secara kritis Peraturan Presiden No. 137 Tahun 2024 yang memberikan ruang bagi prajurit aktif Tentara Nasional Indonesia untuk menduduki jabatan pembantu Presiden non-kementerian. Analisis dilakukan dengan pendekatan interdisipliner, guna mengidentifikasi ambiguitas hukum yang timbul apabila produk hukum eksekutif tersebut bertentangan dengan Undang-Undang No. 34 Tahun 2004 tentang TNI dalam ranah normatif dan politik. Penelitian ini menyoroti konflik normatif—ketimpangan hukum—yang muncul berdasarkan prinsip hierarki norma, di mana peraturan presiden seharusnya tunduk pada undang-undang yang lebih tinggi, serta mengungkap potensi reaktivasi peran politik militer yang berpotensi menggoyahkan supremasi sipil dan reformasi militer pasca reformasi.  Studi ini juga membandingkan mekanisme judicial review dan praktik pengawasan yudisial di beberapa negara demokratis, termasuk Amerika Serikat, Jerman, Korea Selatan, dan Taiwan. Dalam perbandingan ini, studi kasus seperti putusan Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer (1952) digunakan sebagai landasan dalam menegaskan pentingnya peran pengadilan sebagai alat kontrol atas perluasan kekuasaan militer. Perspektif perbandingan ini memperkuat argumentasi bahwa judicial review merupakan instrumen vital untuk menjaga keseimbangan antara kekuasaan sipil dan militer serta menegakkan supremasi konstitusional. Akhirnya, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa keberadaan Perpres No. 137 Tahun 2024 tidak hanya menimbulkan persoalan hukum, melainkan juga mengindikasikan pergeseran paradigma politik hukum yang berisiko mengembalikan elemen-elemen otoritarianisme melalui legalisasi supremasi eksekutif. Oleh karena itu, penegakan hierarki peraturan perundang-undangan melalui intervensi yudisial dinilai krusial untuk memastikan bahwa setiap inovasi hukum terkait hubungan sipil-militer tetap sejalan dengan prinsip negara hukum demokratis dan semangat reformasi

Analisis Semiotika dan Hukum Humaniter Pada Dark Humor Debat Piers Vs Bassem Mengenai Konflik Hamas-Israel

This research discusses the semiotics of dark humor thrown by Bassem regarding the Hamas-Israel conflict in the Piers vs Bassem debate. The purpose of this research is to find out the efficacy of dark humor in strengthening the argument and the meanings and thoughts contained in the dark humor delivered by Bassem Youssef. To get these results, descriptive analysis method is used with Charles Sanders Pierce's Semiotics theory. The data source of this research is the dark humor thrown by Bassem in the video 'Hamas-Israel war:  Bassem vs Piers on Palestine's treatment' and managed to silence or produce a reaction from Piers Morgan. After the research, it was found that dark humor can strengthen some arguments because it reveals insights into social events and the impact of the war between Hamas and Israel expressed through dark humor. In addition, from some of his dark humor sentences, there are social phenomena that Bassem Youssef is trying to convey, including 1. Genocide, 2. ‘Human shield’ phenomenon, 3. Crimes against humanity committed by Israeli military groups before the events of October 7, 2023. The use of dark humor can reveal social events that are expected to be one from many ways to answer argument

Legal Consequences of Designating Cultivation Rights as Abandoned Land in the Context of Credit Collateral Objects

Land rights under the Cultivation Rights Title (HGU) can serve as collateral in credit agreements through the imposition of a mortgage right. However, legal challenges arise when the status of HGU land as collateral changes, particularly due to its designation as abandoned land by the Indonesian Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency (ATR/BPN). Such status changes have significant legal implications for credit agreements, mortgage rights, and the economic value of collateralized land. This study analyses the legal framework governing the determination of abandoned land status, examining statutory regulations and their impact on credit agreements and collateral objects. Employing a normative legal research methodology, the study utilises statutory analysis, conceptual exploration, and interpretative approaches to assess the legal consequences of such status changes. The findings reveal that the designation of land as abandoned results in the termination of cultivation rights and the extinguishment of mortgage rights. While the credit agreement itself remains legally binding, the loss of economic value in the collateral renders it non-executable, leading to financial losses for both creditors and debtors. To address these legal uncertainties, the study recommends amendments to the regulatory framework governing abandoned land to enhance legal certainty, ensure fairness, and provide adequate protection for both creditors and debtors

UPAYA RENVOI TERHADAP KESALAHAN PENGETIKAN MINUTA AKTA YANG DI BUAT OLEH NOTARIS

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mekanisme dan prosedur renvoi terhadap kesalahan pengetikan pada minuta akta yang dibuat oleh Notaris. Kesalahan pengetikan dalam akta Notaris dapat mengakibatkan konsekuensi hukum yang serius, termasuk potensi sengketa antara pihak-pihak terkait dan kerugian finansial. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan dukungan data empiris melalui wawancara dengan praktisi notariat serta observasi lapangan di beberapa kantor Notaris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa langkah penting dalam proses renvoi, yaitu: (1) identifikasi jenis kesalahan (substansial atau non-substansial), (2) pembetulan dilakukan di hadapan para pihak terkait untuk memastikan transparansi, dan (3) pencatatan perubahan dalam berita acara pembetulan disertai tanggal dan nomor aktanya. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa banyak praktisi belum sepenuhnya memahami tata cara pelaksanaan renvoi sesuai dengan ketentuan Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2014 tentang Jabatan Notaris (UUJN), sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan masalah lebih lanjut. Lebih jauh lagi, hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ketidakpatuhan terhadap prosedur dapat mengubah status legalitas dokumen menjadi tidak sah secara hukum jika tidak ditangani dengan benar. Oleh karena itu, pemahaman mendalam mengenai prosedur renvoi sangat penting bagi Notaris untuk meningkatkan keakuratan dokumen dan meminimalisir risiko hukum. Dengan demikian, hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap pengembangan teori hukum di bidang kenotariatan serta memperluas pemahaman masyarakat tentang pentingnya keakuratan minuta akta sebagai bagian dari praktik hukum yang baik.  Kata Kunci: Renvoi, Kesalahan Pengetikan, Akta Notaris, Prosedur Hukum, Kenotariatan This research aims to analyze the mechanisms and procedures for renvoi (correction) of typographical errors in notarial deeds created by notaries. Typographical errors in notarial acts can lead to serious legal consequences, including potential disputes between involved parties and financial losses. The research employs a normative legal approach supported by empirical data gathered through interviews with notarial practitioners and field observations at several notary offices. The findings indicate that there are several critical steps in the renvoi process: (1) identifying the type of error (substantial or non-substantial), (2) making corrections in the presence of relevant parties to ensure transparency, and (3) documenting changes in a correction report accompanied by date and deed number. The study also reveals that many practitioners do not fully understand how to implement renvoi procedures according to Law No. 2 of 2014 on Notary Positions (UUJN), which may lead to further complications. Furthermore, analysis shows that non-compliance with these procedures can render documents legally invalid if not addressed correctly. Therefore, a deep understanding of renvoi procedures is crucial for notaries to enhance document accuracy and minimize legal risks. Consequently, this research is expected to make significant contributions toward developing legal theory in the field of notarization as well as expanding public understanding of the importance of accurate minute deeds as part of sound legal practice. Keywords: Renvoi, Typographical Errors, Notarial Deeds, Legal Procedures, Notarial La

TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP KEABSAHAN PERJANJIAN PENGANGKATAN ANAK DI BAWAH TANGAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PERDATA INDONESIA

In Civil Case No. 1/Pdt.G/2020/PN Blt, the Plaintiff came from Batam to Blitar city to meet the Defendants (husband and wife) who were known through Facebook and to follow up on the agreement. Furthermore, the Plaintiff felt regret and wanted to request that her child be returned to the Plaintiff. The objectives of this research are: to find out the juridical consequences of child adoption that is not in accordance with the law, the limits of the rights and responsibilities of single parents towards children who have been adopted with an agreement under the hand, and to find out the legal considerations used by the Panel of Judges regarding the validity of the Child Adoption Agreement under the hand and Granting child custody to adoptive parents based on Decision Number 1/Pdt.G /2020/PN Blt.The research conducted is normative legal research. Researchers use data collection tools in the form of literature studies or documentary studies. The approach used by researchers is the approach of legislation (The Statue Approach), and the case approach (Case Approach). The data analysis method used by researchers is qualitative data analysis which involves an assessment and understanding of legal aspects.The consequences of adopting a child that is not in accordance with the law are the rights and obligations of each party, between the adoptive parents and their adopted child cannot be sued. The limitation of the rights and responsibilities of biological parents towards children who have been adopted with an underhand agreement is that all rights and obligations of biological parents are transferred to adoptive parents. Except for adopted female children who are Muslims, if she is going to get married then the only person who can be her marriage guardian is her biological parents or blood relatives. The panel's consideration was correct. Because even though the agreement was made underhand, the parties involved still fulfilled the elements of the agreement as stipulated in the applicable law, but the adoptive parents still had to fulfill the procedure of legalizing the adoption of children through a court decision. The panel's consideration was correct. Because even though the agreement was made underhand, the parties involved still fulfilled the elements of the agreement as stipulated in the applicable law, but the adoptive parents still had to fulfill the procedure of legalizing the adoption of children through a court decision.

AKIBAT HUKUM PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 15/PUU-XII/2014 MENGENAI PEMBATALAN PUTUSAN ARBITRASE

Arbitration is one of Alternative Dispute Resolution. Arbitration itself serves as a dispute resolution method, particularly for business actors within the corporate sphere. Not infrequently, the efforts to resolve such disputes lead to results that are not accepted by the petitioners, which then triggers follow-up actions. These actions culminate in a mechanism known as the annulment of the arbitration award. This thesis analyzes the legal consequences of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 15/PUU-XII/2014 on Article 70 of Law Number 30 of 1999, as well as the legal considerations of the Constitutional Court judges in Decision Number 15/PUU-XII/2014 concerning Article 70 of Law Number 30 of 1999. The research method used in this study is normative legal research, employing both legislative and case approaches. The result of this research shows that the legal consequence of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 15/PUU-XII/2014 on Article 70 of Law Number 30 of 1999 is the increased discretion of judges in deciding on the annulment of arbitration awards in court. Furthermore, the Constitutional Court judges in the ruling of MK Decision Number 15/PUU-XII/2014 declared that Article 70 is in conflict with the 1945 Constitution and has no binding legal force