Relationship of Water Media Characteristics (pH, Temperature, TDS) to Density of Aedes sp Mosquito Flars in Karanggeneng Village, Lamongan District

DHF (Dengue hemorrhagic fever) is a tropical endemic disease in Indonesia with a fluctuating trend in Lamongan. The main factor under control is the larval breeding habitat. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the characteristics of the water medium and the density of Aedes sp. mosquito larvae in Karanggeneng Village, Lamongan Regency. We conducted this quantitative study using a cross-sectional observational method on a sample of 80 houses in Karanggeneng Village, employing a straightforward random sampling technique. We recorded the data collection in the observation sheet and analyzed it with a chi-square test. The results showed that 37 houses were positive for Aedes sp. larvae based on HI (DF = 6), CI (DF = 6), and BI (DF = 7), so Karanggeneng Village has a high mosquito larval density. There is a significant relationship between water media and the presence of Aedes sp. mosquito larvae. The relationship between pH (p-value = 0.000), temperature (p-value = 0.000), and TDS (p-value = 0.000) is significant. We recommend regularly draining the water container weekly to prevent mosquito larvae from using it as a habitat.DHF (Dengue hemorrhagic fever) is a tropical endemic disease in Indonesia with a fluctuating trend in Lamongan. The main factor under control is the larval breeding habitat. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the characteristics of the water medium and the density of Aedes sp. mosquito larvae in Karanggeneng Village, Lamongan Regency. We conducted this quantitative study using a cross-sectional observational method on a sample of 80 houses in Karanggeneng Village, employing a straightforward random sampling technique. We recorded the data collection in the observation sheet and analyzed it with a chi-square test. The results showed that 37 houses were positive for Aedes sp. larvae based on HI (DF = 6), CI (DF = 6), and BI (DF = 7), so Karanggeneng Village has a high mosquito larval density. There is a significant relationship between water media and the presence of Aedes sp. mosquito larvae. The relationship between pH (p-value = 0.000), temperature (p-value = 0.000), and TDS (p-value = 0.000) is significant. We recommend regularly draining the water container weekly to prevent mosquito larvae from using it as a habitat

The Relationship of Noise Exposure to Job Stress in Sand Mining Workers in The Banjarbaru City Area

Noise is the sound of an inappropriate place and time. Workplace noise problems are a source of stress that causes psychological imbalances. Sources of noise in the workplace come from operating machines, such as sand mines in Cempaka and Banjarbaru, which contribute to workplace noise. Sand mines use diesel engines; the engine sound is loud enough that all workers in the mine are exposed to the noise. Workers who are exposed to high-intensity noise experience work stress. The study aimed to determine the relationship between noise exposure and work stress among sand mining workers in Banjarbaru. This observational-analytic study used a cross-sectional design. Observations were made on 25 workers who were exposed to noise. The data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation test. The results of noise measurements in sand mines ranged from 72.1 dBA to 88 dBA, with noise exposure for each worker ranging from 65.5 dBA to 83.7 dBA and work stress scores ranging from 34.12% to 50.7%. Statistically, there is an association between noise exposure and work stress. It is recommended to check the diesel engine, lubricate it to reduce noise in old and poorly maintained engines, use ear protection devices, such as ear plugs and ear muffs, to reduce noise exposure, and rotate every job task, especially for workers around diesel engines.Noise is the sound of an inappropriate place and time. Workplace noise problems are a source of stress that causes psychological imbalances. Sources of noise in the workplace come from operating machines, such as sand mines in Cempaka and Banjarbaru, which contribute to workplace noise. Sand mines use diesel engines; the engine sound is loud enough that all workers in the mine are exposed to the noise. Workers who are exposed to high-intensity noise experience work stress. The study aimed to determine the relationship between noise exposure and work stress among sand mining workers in Banjarbaru. This observational-analytic study used a cross-sectional design. Observations were made on 25 workers who were exposed to noise. The data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation test. The results of noise measurements in sand mines ranged from 72.1 dBA to 88 dBA, with noise exposure for each worker ranging from 65.5 dBA to 83.7 dBA and work stress scores ranging from 34.12% to 50.7%. Statistically, there is an association between noise exposure and work stress. It is recommended to check the diesel engine, lubricate it to reduce noise in old and poorly maintained engines, use ear protection devices, such as ear plugs and ear muffs, to reduce noise exposure, and rotate every job task, especially for workers around diesel engines

The EM4 Addition Affect Water Absorption Time and Compost Quality in Biopore Infiltration Hole

A biopore infiltration hole can handle organic household waste for the composting process. It can be optimized by adding an Effective Microorganism 4 (EM4) activator. This study aims to determine the effect of EM4 addition on water adsorption time, compost weight, and compost quality, according to SNI 19-7030-2004. Lamongan Islamic University's Laboratory of Environmental and Health Science determined the compost test's nutrient content. A cylindrical hole was drilled into the ground using a BIH drill with a diameter of 10 cm and a depth of 50, 75, and 100 cm, with a distance of 100 cm for each hole. The materials used in this study included domestic organic waste, leaves explicitly, and kitchen waste, a 50-ml liquid EM4 "Agriculture" activator diluted with 100 ml of distilled water, and 10 grams of granulated sugar.  The experiment was conducted for 15, 30, and 45 days. To measure the water absorption time, a 2x1x1 m barrier is needed to accommodate 2 m3. The difference in BIH diameter can affect the infiltration rate at the Biopores Infiltration Hole (BIH). The measurement's highest water absorption occurred at the beginning of the 15th day. The addition of EM4 affects the decomposition process and can increase the water absorption rate for 45 days. The EM4 additions affect the decomposition process's timing. Additionally, the addition of EM4 impacts the nutrients in the compost. The addition of EM4 increased the value of C-organic, nitrogen, phosphorus, and total potassium in the BIH compost.A biopore infiltration hole can handle organic household waste for the composting process. It can be optimized by adding an Effective Microorganism 4 (EM4) activator. This study aims to determine the effect of EM4 addition on water adsorption time, compost weight, and compost quality, according to SNI 19-7030-2004. Lamongan Islamic University's Laboratory of Environmental and Health Science determined the compost test's nutrient content. A cylindrical hole was drilled into the ground using a BIH drill with a diameter of 10 cm and a depth of 50, 75, and 100 cm, with a distance of 100 cm for each hole. The materials used in this study included domestic organic waste, leaves explicitly, and kitchen waste, a 50-ml liquid EM4 "Agriculture" activator diluted with 100 ml of distilled water, and 10 grams of granulated sugar.  The experiment was conducted for 15, 30, and 45 days. To measure the water absorption time, a 2x1x1 m barrier is needed to accommodate 2 m3. The difference in BIH diameter can affect the infiltration rate at the Biopores Infiltration Hole (BIH). The measurement's highest water absorption occurred at the beginning of the 15th day. The addition of EM4 affects the decomposition process and can increase the water absorption rate for 45 days. The EM4 additions affect the decomposition process's timing. Additionally, the addition of EM4 impacts the nutrients in the compost. The addition of EM4 increased the value of C-organic, nitrogen, phosphorus, and total potassium in the BIH compost

Management of the Work Environment to Reduce Blood Lead (BLL) Levels in the Assay Laboratory

Assay Laboratory in PT Freeport Indonesia's Concentrating Division, especially for conducting fire assay. Litharge (lead oxide) is a reagent used to test mineral levels; the content of precious metals is called Au. Although lead exposure is low, prolonged exposure to lead could accumulate in the human system, resulting in poisoning or toxicity. This study aimed to determine the effect of work environment management in assay laboratories on reducing blood lead levels during fire assay analysis. This research is a quantitative cohort study. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. Data analysis techniques are used in different tests. Data collection was conducted using laboratory tests to take blood samples once a year regularly for every worker working in the assay laboratory. Based on the results of the different tests, a T value of 5,638 was obtained with a Sig value of 0.011 (α˂5%), so it can be concluded that there was a decrease in blood Pb levels in workers before and after managing the work environment. Recommended exposure standards are floor exposure values for laboratories (other than fire test laboratories) not to exceed 2.2 mg/m2 (200 μg/ft2) and surface in dining areas not to exceed 0.43 mg/m2 (40 μg/ft2). Improving working environment conditions by procuring a laundry system and lockers, procuring more than one laboratory coat, procuring sinks in every corner of the laboratory, and having special soap for washing hands has proven to be able to reduce Pb exposure rates in assay laboratories from 2019 to 2022.  Assay Laboratory in PT Freeport Indonesia's Concentrating Division, especially for conducting fire assay. Litharge (lead oxide) is a reagent used to test mineral levels; the content of precious metals is called Au. Although lead exposure is low, prolonged exposure to lead could accumulate in the human system, resulting in poisoning or toxicity. This study aimed to determine the effect of work environment management in assay laboratories on reducing blood lead levels during fire assay analysis. This research is a quantitative cohort study. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. Data analysis techniques are used in different tests. Data collection was conducted using laboratory tests to take blood samples once a year regularly for every worker working in the assay laboratory. Based on the results of the different tests, a T value of 5,638 was obtained with a Sig value of 0.011 (α˂5%), so it can be concluded that there was a decrease in blood Pb levels in workers before and after managing the work environment. Recommended exposure standards are floor exposure values for laboratories (other than fire test laboratories) not to exceed 2.2 mg/m2 (200 μg/ft2) and surface in dining areas not to exceed 0.43 mg/m2 (40 μg/ft2). Improving working environment conditions by procuring a laundry system and lockers, procuring more than one laboratory coat, procuring sinks in every corner of the laboratory, and having special soap for washing hands has proven to be able to reduce Pb exposure rates in assay laboratories from 2019 to 2022.

The Effect of Stop Motion Video as An Examination Media on The Knowledge and Safe Behavior of PT. X Metal Casting Industry Workers in Klaten

A work accident is one of the risks that can occur in the metal casting industry. Workers' unsafe behavior is the primary cause of occupational accidents. The definition of unsafe behavior is any human behavior that can allow work accidents to occur to oneself or others. The preliminary study results found that 100% of workers had work accidents due to unsafe behavior, and out of 19 workers, 47.3% had insufficient knowledge about unsafe behavior. Counseling using video stop motion is one effort that can be used to overcome. This research aims to investigate the impact of counseling using video stop motion media on enhancing workers' knowledge and safety practices in the metal casting industry. This type of research is a quasi-experiment with a pre-test, post-test, and control group. The experimental group consisted of the workers in the finishing section, while the control group consisted of the workers in the induction section. The Wilcoxon test analysis reveals a significant difference in knowledge and behavior values between the pre-test and post-test, resulting from the use of video stop motion media.  Media. The Mann-Whitney test showed a significant difference in the mean value of differences in knowledge and behavior in the pre-test and post-test between the experimental and control groups with a significance value of 0.000 (p <0.05). Video stop motion has the effect of increasing the value of knowledge and safe action among industry workers.A work accident is one of the risks that can occur in the metal casting industry. Workers' unsafe behavior is the primary cause of occupational accidents. The definition of unsafe behavior is any human behavior that can allow work accidents to occur to oneself or others. The preliminary study results found that 100% of workers had work accidents due to unsafe behavior, and out of 19 workers, 47.3% had insufficient knowledge about unsafe behavior. Counseling using video stop motion is one effort that can be used to overcome. This research aims to investigate the impact of counseling using video stop motion media on enhancing workers' knowledge and safety practices in the metal casting industry. This type of research is a quasi-experiment with a pre-test, post-test, and control group. The experimental group consisted of the workers in the finishing section, while the control group consisted of the workers in the induction section. The Wilcoxon test analysis reveals a significant difference in knowledge and behavior values between the pre-test and post-test, resulting from the use of video stop motion media.  Media. The Mann-Whitney test showed a significant difference in the mean value of differences in knowledge and behavior in the pre-test and post-test between the experimental and control groups with a significance value of 0.000 (p <0.05). Video stop motion has the effect of increasing the value of knowledge and safe action among industry workers

Microplastics Study of Microplastic Concentrations at the Drinking Water Depot in Sumbersari Village, Jember Regency

Microplastics are a new pollutant that has become a global problem and requires treatment as soon as possible. Microplastics are plastic waste that degrades into small particles measuring <5 mm. Until now, microplastics have not only been found in the environment but also in drinking water. Based on the results of field studies, it is known that drinking water refills at drinking water depots (DAM) are an alternative option used by the people of the Sumbersari sub-district to meet their drinking water needs. This paper examines the presence of microplastics in refillable drinking water, including the characteristics, concentration, and exposure to microplastics in consumers of refillable drinking water. This observational study uses descriptive methods to systematically examine and present facts regarding microplastics and exposure to microplastics in DAM in the Sumbersari sub-district. The research showed that microplastics had contaminated 12 DAM with an average microplastic concentration of 7.1 particles/liter. The forms or types of microplastics found were fibers and fragments with sizes ranging from 0.01 mm to <5 mm and the colors most commonly found were blue, black, red, gray, and transparent. The measurement results also explain that consumers of refillable drinking water will be exposed to microplastics of at least 5.61 particles/liter/day and a maximum of 15.98 particles/liter/day, depending on the amount of drinking water consumed daily.Microplastics are a new pollutant that has become a global problem and requires treatment as soon as possible. Microplastics are plastic waste that degrades into small particles measuring <5 mm. Until now, microplastics have not only been found in the environment but also in drinking water. Based on the results of field studies, it is known that drinking water refills at drinking water depots (DAM) are an alternative option used by the people of the Sumbersari sub-district to meet their drinking water needs. This paper examines the presence of microplastics in refillable drinking water, including the characteristics, concentration, and exposure to microplastics in consumers of refillable drinking water. This observational study uses descriptive methods to systematically examine and present facts regarding microplastics and exposure to microplastics in DAM in the Sumbersari sub-district. The research showed that microplastics had contaminated 12 DAM with an average microplastic concentration of 7.1 particles/liter. The forms or types of microplastics found were fibers and fragments with sizes ranging from 0.01 mm to <5 mm and the colors most commonly found were blue, black, red, gray, and transparent. The measurement results also explain that consumers of refillable drinking water will be exposed to microplastics of at least 5.61 particles/liter/day and a maximum of 15.98 particles/liter/day, depending on the amount of drinking water consumed daily

Analysis of Environmental Management at the Container Terminal of PT Pelabuhan Indonesia (Pelindo) III Semarang

This study employs a qualitative approach using a descriptive method. Primary data is obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation, while secondary data is derived from environmental management implementation reports. The data collected is then evaluated for compliance with environmental management regulations, including Law No. 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, Government Regulation No. 101 of 2014 on the Management of Hazardous and Toxic Waste Materials, and ISO 14001:2015 on Environmental Management Systems. According to the research findings, environmental management at PT Pelindo III Container Terminal in Semarang is supervised by a certified ecological expert within the HSSE (Health et al.) department. The company manages hazardous liquid waste, air emissions, and hazardous and non-hazardous solid waste. However, non-hazardous liquid waste and dust emissions have not been monitored and managed. The company received a PROPER certification in 2018 and an ISO 14001:2015 certification in 2015 for its environmental management.This study employs a qualitative approach using a descriptive method. Primary data is obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation, while secondary data is derived from environmental management implementation reports. The data collected is then evaluated for compliance with environmental management regulations, including Law No. 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, Government Regulation No. 101 of 2014 on the Management of Hazardous and Toxic Waste Materials, and ISO 14001:2015 on Environmental Management Systems. According to the research findings, environmental management at PT Pelindo III Container Terminal in Semarang is supervised by a certified ecological expert within the HSSE (Health et al.) department. The company manages hazardous liquid waste, air emissions, and hazardous and non-hazardous solid waste. However, non-hazardous liquid waste and dust emissions have not been monitored and managed. The company received a PROPER certification in 2018 and an ISO 14001:2015 certification in 2015 for its environmental management

Use of Paci and Alum to Reduce Tss Levels in People's Rubber Soaking Liquid Waste

The coagulants used are PACl and alum because, in addition to their low price, PACl and alum are also proven to reduce turbidity and TSS levels in wastewater. This study aimed to determine the effect of PACl and alum on reducing TSS levels in people's rubber bath waste. This type of research is classified as an actual experiment, utilizing a pretest and posttest design with a control group. Integrated sampling was the sampling technique used in this study. Statistical analysis is performed using the normality test, and if the data is normally distributed, it is continued with the one-way ANOVA test. The normality test results showed average distributed TSS level data. They continued the Anova test (p = 0.005 < ɑ = 0.05), which found a difference between PACl and alum coagulant in reducing TSS levels in people's rubber immersion liquid waste. A PACl dose of 1200 mg/L lowered TSS levels by 46%. While the alum dose of 3000 mg/LL has not been able to reduce TSS levels, The variation in the dose of PACl and alum coagulants should be reduced again to be optimal for reducing TSS levels in liquid waste. To meet the quality standards of rubber immersion waste by reducing TSS levels, liquid waste with acidic or alkaline properties needs a neutralization process by adding lime.The coagulants used are PACl and alum because, in addition to their low price, PACl and alum are also proven to reduce turbidity and TSS levels in wastewater. This study aimed to determine the effect of PACl and alum on reducing TSS levels in people's rubber bath waste. This type of research is classified as an actual experiment, utilizing a pretest and posttest design with a control group. Integrated sampling was the sampling technique used in this study. Statistical analysis is performed using the normality test, and if the data is normally distributed, it is continued with the one-way ANOVA test. The normality test results showed average distributed TSS level data. They continued the Anova test (p = 0.005 < ɑ = 0.05), which found a difference between PACl and alum coagulant in reducing TSS levels in people's rubber immersion liquid waste. A PACl dose of 1200 mg/L lowered TSS levels by 46%. While the alum dose of 3000 mg/LL has not been able to reduce TSS levels, The variation in the dose of PACl and alum coagulants should be reduced again to be optimal for reducing TSS levels in liquid waste. To meet the quality standards of rubber immersion waste by reducing TSS levels, liquid waste with acidic or alkaline properties needs a neutralization process by adding lime

Utilization of Banana Peels as Active Carbon for Pollutant Removal in Wastewater: Review Analysis

Pollutants from human activities released into the environment, including heavy metals, dyes, and chemicals, can harm the environment and living organisms. One solution offered to treat these pollutants is an adsorption technique using activated carbon from banana peel waste. The research aims to review the potential of banana peel waste as active carbon to remove various contaminants in wastewater and highlight the opportunities and challenges. This research uses a systematic literature review method, or what is usually called a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), to collect data from the Google Scholar online article database and E-Journal at SSO Undip (Single Sign On). The results of the literature review show that active carbon from various types of banana peels, such as Musa Acuminata, Musa sp., Musa paradisiaca L., and Musa Acuminatabalbisiana has been proven to be able to remove organic materials, inorganic anions, heavy metals, dyes, and chemical compounds from wastewater.Pollutants from human activities released into the environment, including heavy metals, dyes, and chemicals, can harm the environment and living organisms. One solution offered to treat these pollutants is an adsorption technique using activated carbon from banana peel waste. The research aims to review the potential of banana peel waste as active carbon to remove various contaminants in wastewater and highlight the opportunities and challenges. This research uses a systematic literature review method, or what is usually called a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), to collect data from the Google Scholar online article database and E-Journal at SSO Undip (Single Sign On). The results of the literature review show that active carbon from various types of banana peels, such as Musa Acuminata, Musa sp., Musa paradisiaca L., and Musa Acuminatabalbisiana has been proven to be able to remove organic materials, inorganic anions, heavy metals, dyes, and chemical compounds from wastewater

Relationship Between Physical Requirements Of Houses And Residential Density With The Incidence Of Pulmonary Tuberculosis On The Banks Of The Barito River

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease and one of the world's 20 leading causes of death. Marabahan Health Centre for TB's working area consistently records the highest cases in the Barito Kuala district, with most of the population residing along the densely populated river. The study's goal was to determine the relationship between the physical requirements of the house, occupancy density, and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis on the banks of the Barito River. This research was an analytical observational study using a case-control method. The sample size in this study was 1:2, with 15 cases and 30 controls, for a total of 45 samples. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Statistical analysis used the chi-square test and the odds ratio test for risk factors. The results of the chi-square statistical test showed a relationship between the physical requirements of the house and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the Barito riverbanks, Barito Kuala Regency, in 2023. Results Odd's ratio analysis showed that the variable temperature is 20 times, the humidity is 13 times, the lighting is 18 times, and the occupancy density is 11 times the risk of developing pulmonary tuberculosis. People can get used to opening windows in the morning and not accumulate unused items in their rooms.Tuberculosis is an infectious disease and one of the world's 20 leading causes of death. Marabahan Health Centre for TB's working area consistently records the highest cases in the Barito Kuala district, with most of the population residing along the densely populated river. The study's goal was to determine the relationship between the physical requirements of the house, occupancy density, and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis on the banks of the Barito River. This research was an analytical observational study using a case-control method. The sample size in this study was 1:2, with 15 cases and 30 controls, for a total of 45 samples. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Statistical analysis used the chi-square test and the odds ratio test for risk factors. The results of the chi-square statistical test showed a relationship between the physical requirements of the house and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the Barito riverbanks, Barito Kuala Regency, in 2023. Results Odd's ratio analysis showed that the variable temperature is 20 times, the humidity is 13 times, the lighting is 18 times, and the occupancy density is 11 times the risk of developing pulmonary tuberculosis. People can get used to opening windows in the morning and not accumulate unused items in their rooms