Rutabaga Cultivation in the Lake Superior Region

The vast expanse of the Lake Superior Basin has been home to a multitude of industries from copper and iron mining, timber extraction, steel mills, grain transfer ports, and ship construction. However, given its northern location, agriculture is usually ignored due to a short growing season and poor soils. Immigrants who settled there like Finns and Scandinavians were familiar with this environment but even Italians found that they could develop their cherished home gardens and small farms. Most immigrants had migrated from farming environments and now accepted the challenge to farm in this new environment. Of the many crops that were cultivated in this area this study will focus on the rutabaga—a misunderstood and nearly ignored root vegetable in the United States—but better known in Canada. The rutabaga (Brassica napus) is a vegetable that has a fascinating history and found a home in the Upper Peninsula

A Public Administration Approach to Funeral Cost Regulation in Michigan

This research explores the pricing disparities associated with the funeral industry in the Upper and Lower Peninsulas of Michigan. Evidence suggests that there is poor regulation of costs for services provided by the funeral industry, which leads to inconsistent pricing structures, which is especially noticeable when market competition in rural and densely populated counties is considered. This paper presents an evaluation of the current state and federal regulations. Using a public administration framework grounded in bureaucratic theory, policy implementation theory, and social equity theory, this research results in recommendations to implement new legal regulations that would ensure transparency and ethical practices in the death care industry to better protect consumers seeking end-of-life services in the State of Michigan

Rolling the Dice: The History of Indian Reservation Gambling in the Upper Peninsula

The History of Indian reservation gambling in the Upper Peninsula is of a struggle for expectance from the state government, and of the people in the state. The positive economic gain of states being one of the reasons behind why the rise of the gaming industry needed to happen. With the passing of The Indian Gaming Regulatory Act helping the regulation of reservation gambling and breaking down what was not allowed under the act. Newspapers and an interview with Frederick Dakota, give a personal look into the rise of the gaming industry and the struggle that the people were having with coming to grip with the rise of gaming industry. The gains were not the only thing to come out of the rise of the gaming industry as the state is struggling with an increase in gambling addiction. The gaming industry looks like it will not slow down anytime in the near future

Do Empathy and Compassion Outshine Hatred? The Attitudes of American Soldiers Towards German Soldiers During World War II.

WWII was the bloodiest conflict in all of human history, the study and research of the war, events leading up to it, and the post-war world are covered extensively. Through all the historiography relating to WWII, the everyday American soldier who fought on the frontlines is underrepresented in the historiography, a vast majority of works look into high-level generals, key political figures, and major battles and campaigns. This paper looks into the attitudes of those everyday American soldiers who did the brunt of the fighting and what their feelings were of the average German soldiers they were sent to fight and defeat. This study relies on the memoirs of Charles L. Foreman, his memoirs are accounts of himself and other junior enlisted soldiers in his battalion who participated in the Western European theater. The study also uses other primary sources of American soldiers and documents published by the United States Government that were disseminated to their soldiers. Through an analysis of these sources, it shows that everyday American soldiers were either empathetic or indifferent towards the average German soldier, as long as they abided by the written rules of war and a set of unspoken rules of war. This paper allows us to gain a larger understanding of how the war was conducted on a personal level, it was these everyday soldiers that won the war, and studying their actions will contribute to the historiography of WWII

Key Factors that Influence the Successful Implementation and Sustainment of DEI within Probation Departments

The successful implementation and sustainment of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) initiatives within probation departments is essential to create a fair and just criminal justice system. This paper examines the principal elements that impact the implementation and sustainability of DEI practices in probation settings. This research identifies best practices and challenges in integrating DEI principles into organizational structures by analyzing existing literature, case studies, and policy frameworks. The findings highlight the importance of leadership commitment, policy integration, and measurement, as well as an environment that fosters an inclusive culture. Additionally, the study examines barriers such as resistance to change, policy limitations, and systemic biases that may impact DEI efforts. By providing strategic recommendations, this research aims to assist probation departments in developing sustainable initiatives that enhance workplace inclusivity and improve outcomes for both employees and the communities they serve

I Gave Them a Voice: Reflections From a First-Time Author

Michigan\u27s Upper Peninsula, an undergarment factory, and a women\u27s study club may seem unlikely ingredients for a book, but they led to my book about women in northern Michigan and two ladies\u27 undergarment factories where they worked. I never intended to publish a book. I did, however, want to shine a light on the largely untold story of hundreds of remarkable women to give them a voice and to preserve their stories

The Impact of Food Access Intervention Policy on Student Learning in Portland, Oregon

Food insecurity, a condition that disproportionately affects vulnerable populations, is a barrier to educational success. This study examines the impact of food access intervention policy on student learning through the implementation of the 2019 Oregon Student Success in Portland, Oregon. Findings reveal both an increased expansion of food access as well as modest gains in standardized testing scores. However, significant achievement gaps persist, especially among high-need areas and historically underserved groups. This capstone paper supports a hybrid approach to policy evaluation, wherein an integration of traditional and critical analysis methods provides a comprehensive understanding of policy outcomes while identifying areas of persisting inequity

How Does Adult Foster Care Affect Mental Health Outcomes in California?

Mental health in adult foster care is an important threat to the overall mental health of the citizens of California. Mental health has challenged professionals and recipients of adult foster care. Although mental health and adult foster care have had some connections (i.e., people with mental health issues typically live in adult foster care), the mental health effects of living in an adult foster care have been overlooked. In particular, mental health has been separated from general medical issues and has been overlooked as a necessary part of a person\u27s overall health. This capstone paper will draw upon the literature of integrated policy approach and policy implementation of mental health of adults living in adult foster care facilities. This capstone will summarize the effects on mental health for those who live in adult foster care over the last twenty years and the integration of mental health services and laws to improve the lives of those who live in adult foster care facilities in California. This paper will focus on the divide between medical and mental health care and the laws that are there to monitor the well-being of vulnerable populations