Understanding Output-Based Pricing Systems

In recent years, Canada has implemented a distinctive carbon pricing regime, known as “output-based pricing systems” (OBPS), to incentivize emission reductions for large industrial facilities. This regime has come under heightened scrutiny as a more general carbon tax, the federal fuel charge, was cancelled in 2025 due to political controversy. However, OBPS regimes have received no prior economic analysis; commentators have mostly criticized the weakness of the emission trading markets within them. This article argues that OBPS should be viewed as primarily implementing a carbon tax with an intensity-based exemption. OBPS further introduces emissions trading into this carbon tax regime, but trading only worsens the regime’s performance by offering a distortionary production subsidy to low emitters and by weakening abatement incentives. Inefficient emissions trading markets are thus not OBPS’s main problem; the combination of carbon taxation with emissions trading may be fundamentally flawed. Moreover, the article highlights several previously neglected affinities between various pricing and regulatory instruments for achieving emission reductions, as well as the difficulty of identifying equivalences even among carbon pricing regimes

A Gamified Mobile App for Learning Linguistics: Applying Software Design and Thinking to Educational Engagement

This thesis explores how mobile app technologies—particularly gamification, adaptive learning algorithms, and user-centered UI/UX design—can be used to make linguistics education more accessible and engaging. Drawing on recent scholarship in educational technology and human-computer interaction, I developed a React Native-based mobile application that introduces users to core linguistic concepts such as phonetics, syntax, and semantics through interactive mini-games. The academic component of this thesis synthesizes research on best practices in educational app design and documents the full design and development process. The project demonstrates how creative computer science work can be informed by scholarly literature while producing a functional tool that contributes to the broader field of educational technology

New York\u27s Constitutional Guarantee of Environmental Rights

New York is embarking on the interpretation and implementation of potentially transformative constitutional reform, the addition of Article I, § 19 to New York’s Bill of Rights, which provides that “Each person shall have the right to clean air and water, and a healthful environment.” To ensure the fulsome and effective implementation of Article I, § 19, and give effect to the intent of the legislators and voters who adopted it, it will be important to provide substantive guidance to courts, government actors, and litigants in the interpretation and application of the new constitutional text. In Pennsylvania and other states, early crabbed judicial interpretations sapped similar environmental rights provisions of their value for decades. We can avoid this fate in New York by educating courts about the history and meaning of and mechanisms to operationalize Article I, § 19. This Article is the first effort to memorialize the process and sociopolitical context that produced Article I, § 19. As New York courts seek to honor the intent of legislators and voters when interpreting constitutional text, understanding this history will be central to judicial interpretation. The Article also explains how this history, in conjunction with relevant doctrinal analysis, firmly establishes that Article I, § 19 is self-executing and protects fundamental rights, and offers concrete guidance as to how courts, litigants, and government actors can raise and evaluate claims under Article I, § 19. Effective implementation of Article I, § 19 in New York has national significance. In 2023, nine states contemplated adding environmental rights to their constitutions. Many are looking to New York to understand the potential value of rights-based approaches to protecting the environment in state constitutions

Ride A-Cock Horse to Banbury & A Farm Went Trotting upon his Gray Mare - Interior Page

Ride A-Cock Horse to Banbury & A Farm Went Trotting upon his Gray Mare Series: Randolph Caldecott’s Picture Books Author/Illustrator: Randoph Caldecott Publisher: London: New York: Frederick Warne and Co., Ltd. (no publication date)https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/rarebooks/1016/thumbnail.jp

Abundance and Other Food Fixations

Although most people in the United States no longer devote the majority of their time to food production, processing, and distribution, food remains a daily fixation. This Article explores three driving food fixations--abundance, thinness, and health--and situates each against an inverse fear--scarcity, fatness, and illness, respectively. Mapping these threats onto U.S. food policy, this Article examines, among other policy arenas, food waste policy, nutrition and health claim labeling law, and food additive regulations. Across food policy, these fixations feed what this Article calls the “politics of abundance.” This politics helps to insulate the food industry from deeper systemic reform aimed at mitigating the industry\u27s human, environmental, and animal exploitation. Turning to the dichotomies of thinness/fatness and health/illness, this Article argues that abundance/scarcity narratives help shape these policy debates and limit the range of available policy. The laws of fatness and illness are thus abundance-promoting, even when abundance is itself a source of harm. The Article concludes by imagining food policy grounded instead in nourishment

When Passion Hurts: The Psychological Cost of Dance

Dancers’ performance is influenced by factors such as low self-esteem, poor nutrition, lack of sleep, anxiety, and rejection. Personally, when I feel down or do not get enough sleep, my dancing suffers. The vulnerability inherent in dance, coupled with the possibility of praise or rejection, affects emotional well-being, in addition to issues like injuries, sleep deprivation, and disordered eating. Mental health is a significant concern in dance culture, impacting performance. My research focuses on identifying the factors that harm collegiate dancers’ mental health and how to address them for healthier careers. This interest stems from my own struggles throughout my dance journey, where I have endured months of poor mental health due to factors beyond my control. I aim to help others avoid similar challenges and encourage better support from teachers and mentors. Although research in this area has been limited, recent studies have provided valuable insights. I utilized traditional methods—reviewing articles and conducting surveys—shaped by both my personal experiences and existing research. I found that injuries, eating habits, and self-esteem are key factors affecting mental health, influenced by daily pressures and the dance environment. Eliminating harmful influences could improve well-being. My findings align with other studies but provide deeper insights into the specific needs of collegiate dancers. While it is reassuring to know that many share similar experiences, it underscores the urgency of addressing these issues. I wish there had been more research conducted to provide the most comprehensive information for dancers. For future research, I recommend exploring positive alternatives to replace negative factors, fostering lasting change