Analysis of Cooperation Principle and Politeness Principle --Taking Love is a Fallacy as an Example

Abstract: “Love is a fallacy” is Max Shulman’s narration, in which the writer introduces some classic logic fallacies in a humorous tone. This thesis aims at analyzing the conversation in the love is a fallacy, based on the cooperation principle and the politeness principle. It is hoped that this thesis would bring some thought for our daily communication.Keywords: Love is a Fallacy; Cooperation Principle; Politeness Principle

Training Specificity and Ecological Validity: Challenging Reductionist Exercise Paradigms for Older Adults

This article challenges the prevalent approach in exercise science for improving functional performance in older adults. It argues that contemporary exercise research and practice adheres to an outdated paradigm based on the motor schema theory. This approach diminishes the principle of specificity in training and assessments. The author supports this central critique through fundamental principles, including conceptual imprecision, paradigmatic limitations, and the tenets of motor learning. Additional evidence from exercise science literature demonstrates that these issues undermine the specificity principle. To address these shortcomings, the author proposes a preliminary framework called ‘The Emergence of Skilled Mobility in Ageing (ESMA)’, which aligns training and evaluation with individual-task-environment constraints. This framework recognises the critical role of adaptive variability and representative practice design for optimising coordination, skills, and mobility. The proposed framework has significant implications for interdisciplinary collaboration and knowledge translation, through focused and ecologically valid assessments and interventions. Overall, this article identifies key gaps in the current exercise science paradigm and offers an integrated solution that focuses on specificity and real-world functioning

Validating scales for measuring the influence of social responsibility behavior and organizational culture on employee performance in the Ghanaian context

Aims: The study sought to validate scales for measuring the influence of social responsibility behavior and organizational culture on the employee performance in the Ghanaian context.Methods: The study utilised a cross-sectional design and relied on previously developed instruments related to the variables of interest. The study collected data from 250 employees in Ghana. The analysis was performed using inferential statistics such as ANOVA, Pearson correlation and ordinal logistic regression (OLR).Findings: The study established standard scales for measuring social responsibility behavior and organizational culture on employee performance in Ghanaian context. Based on the tested hypotheses, it was found that one-unit increase in conscientiousness had a significant influence on the probability of observing a higher category of employee performance (B = 0.691, x2=15.299, p=0.002). Altruism had no significant influence on the probability of observing a higher category of employee performance (B= 0.036, x2 = 0.63, p=0.802). Conscientiousness had a significant influence on the probability of observing a higher category of employee performance (B= 0.683, x2 = 15.847, p=0.000). Furthermore, organisational culture had a significant influence on the probability of observing a higher category of employee performance (B= 0.683, x2 = 15.847, p=0.000).Recommendations: It was recommended that in every organization, management and human resource personnel should take into account organizational social responsibility behavior and culture when designing frameworks that aimed at enhancing employee performance within the organization.

Assessment of Enteric Fermentation Emissions in Ugandan Beef Production: Impact of Feeding Practices and Chloris Gayana Supplementation in Nakasongola and Mbarara district

The rising concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere pose a significant threat to global climate stability, primarily due to human activities. Agriculture, particularly animal production, contributes substantially to GHG emissions, with cattle production systems being a major contributor. In Uganda, where livestock plays a central role in the economy, there is a need to balance economic growth with environmental sustainability. Our study aims to evaluate and mitigate GHG emissions in Ugandan beef production, focusing on enteric fermentation emissions. By examining the impact of feeding practices, including Chloris gayana supplementation, we seek to identify strategies for emission reduction. Through meticulous data collection and analysis in Mbarara and Nakasongola districts, we observed significant effects of body weight, daily weight gain, breed, and feeding systems on various parameters related to energy, methane yield, and emission intensity. While Ankole cattle showed higher weight gain in Mbarara, Chloris Gayana supplementation increased methane emissions. In Nakasongola, both breed and feeding systems influenced weight gain and emission intensity. These findings emphasize the need for tailored mitigation strategies in the Ugandan beef industry to balance productivity and environmental sustainability. We recommend stakeholders reconsider current feeding and breeding practices to optimize both aspects, emphasizing the importance of sustainable practices for the industry's future

A self-reflection on providing companionship through supervision approaches of postgraduate students in geography

Postgraduate education is often perceived to take place on some independent level by the student in doing most of the required work in upgrading skills and knowledge. At the same point there is need of guidance through one or more persons usually called ‘supervisor’ or ‘promoter’. During this guidance to develop knowledge and skills, relationships are established which can either challenge the people involved to grow or break down. Through the Personal Construct Theory, this paper undertakes a self-reflection within the field of Geography to understand how the various supervisory approaches can provide companionship support to students. The experiences of these approaches in higher education around other universities were also reviewed towards providing companionship for the students. The outcome shows that approach to supervision is hardly a one-size fit all scenario and certainly requires flexibility in handling the supervision process. Some approaches like the collective or collaborative or group approach certainly provide a sense of companionship in the postgraduate journey than the one-on-one approach. However, the one-on-one approach is chosen by some supervisors and students to avoid conflicts from multiple inputs, but the latter can set up a research group that still offers the sense of companionship required by students. Therefore, whatever the choice students or supervisors make, needs to consider the aspect of companionship for a holistic journey of learning

The overriding driver dynamics in Ethiopia–South Africa migrations

Ethiopian youths and adults have been migrating from South Ethiopia to the Republic of South Africa for the last 40 years. Related studies on sub-Saharan Africa and particularly on Ethiopia have mostly emphasized the combined relationships of the two end drivers of push and pull but have failed to longitudinally examine the migratory experiences and driver dynamics. The two stated end drivers have also been incorporated within the purview of natural, political, and econometric domains, further obscuring overriding factorial reproduction and its changing aspects, which this study elucidated. The present investigation addressed the migration experiences of the Hadiyya and Kambaata ethnic groups and contextually probed how their migration practices shifted from the micro to macro geospatial levels. It also took into account discrete periods, intervening variables, and other changes that have shaped and reshaped the migration patterns and trends of these communities. This study applied a concurrent longitudinal study design via a multisided ethnographic approach. Qualitative semi-structured and unstructured interviews were conducted with one hundred and eight (108) respondents, and observations along with twelve (12) focus group discussions and, ten (10) in-depth interviews were carried out. The study was conducted from June 2016 to January 2019 in two selected rural woredas of the Hadiyya and Kambaata zones in Southern Ethiopia. It also encompassed the downtown locations of Johannesburg and Pretoria, where most Ethiopian migrants reside. In so doing, the study sought to answer two key research questions: how and why the practice of emigration has emerged and transcended beyond the political boundaries of Ethiopia to South Africa and how the migration drivers are evolving. The discussion section of the paper elucidates that migration is not a new phenomenon for these communities; rather, it forms a historical continuum as a culture and a survival strategy to combat resource constraints. However, migration has been galvanized by the combined effects of poverty, political oppression, displacement, and structural, sociopolitical, and economic marginalization after the Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front came into power and instituted ethnicity-based regionalism. Migration is sustained by overriding as well as accompanying changes and challenges at local, national, and international levels. These difficulties cannot be measured merely through environmental, sociopolitical, or econometric-based conditions prevailing at specific times and places. Their determination requires factors beyond such time-bound incidences and parameters. This article is designed to generally discuss and illuminate such comprehensive experiences.

Sustainable forest ecosystem management

Development in forest management focuses on property forest scheme management that collaborates with the surroundings socially, economically, and culturally. A continuation within the provider of timber is on the market by property forest scheme management. The most aim of property forest management is to keep up a healthy environmental society and to guard the diverseness for our future diversity. On the opposite hand, the property forest scheme emphasizes safeguarding and managing the scheme of the forest. Management emphasizes the methods that square measure was taken by property forest scheme management to guard the life within the forests to stay growing the trees of the forests naturally. In the given paper it is been discussed that awareness of the environmental, economic, and social relevance and worth of the Carpathian Mountains' forests, a natural legacy that may be a reliable component. The study has used a comparative study of the key trends and techniques in current sustainable forest management to strengthen the theoretical and methodological basis.The paper has also included the few of the major challenges faced by the maintenance sector of forest ecosystem. Several sustainable forestry methods can help forests regenerate or protect them. They include erecting a fence to keep deer out, managing weeds and other vegetation, and cutting trees to enable more sunlight to reach the forest floor. Hence, the major goal was to show how crucial ecosystem services supplied all across these protected areas are for long-term local and national ecosystem development

Assessment of sarcopenia as an independent nutritional indicator in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease

Objective:  To evaluate the presence of sarcopenia in a cohort of patients with pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (pIBD) and compare it to the presence of malnutrition according to body mass index (BMI).Methods:  Descriptive study of patients under 18 years of age with IBD who underwent magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) between June 2018 and June 2022, followed at a University Hospital in Argentina.  Clinical characteristics and anthropometric data were collected, and BMI and standard deviations were calculated.  Total Psoas Muscle Area (tPMA) at levels L3–4 and L4–5 was compared with pediatric age and sex-specific growth curves.Results:  We included 40 patients (50% females), 16 (40%) with Crohn's disease, and 24 (60%) with ulcerative colitis, mean age 9 years (IQR 3-13).  The median time to MRE was 3 months after diagnosis (IQR 33 days- 1.5 years).  In our cohort, 40% of patients had tPMA below the 5th percentile (z score -2).  In contrast, only 3 patients (7.5%) had a BMI z score < -2.  During follow-up, there was no significant difference in the use of biologics or number of relapses between patients with and without sarcopenia.Conclusions:  Our cohort of pIBD had lower muscle mass than reference values, even in the short term.  Our data show that sarcopenia can also be present despite a normal BMI.  This finding reinforces the idea that sarcopenia could be an anthropometry-independent indicator of nutritional status and frailty in pIBD

Effects of the eurozone crisis on the spanish healthcare system and economic sectors

The current research focused on the effects of the eurozone crisis on the Spanish healthcare and economy sectors, what caused the crisis, and how Europe managed this crisis, especial. The importance of the eurozone crisis is apparent in businesses and economics segments; in fact, it has directed a defeat of confidence in European companies and economies. The crisis was ultimately maintained by the financial guarantees of European countries, who feared the euro's collapse and financial contagion, and by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). By knowing these essential points, the present study aimed to evaluate and find the primary and critical point about the crisis and the role of healthcare that is vital and significant nowadays and will help make a better healthcare system and offer services to high-quality individuals in Spain. Therefore, the researcher focused on different studies, such as articles, books, websites, etc., that are related to this area and based on this research, obtained 44 related and curated references that help conduct this paper and will be beneficial for future investigations in this area

Teacher’s professional values (objectivity, honesty, integrity and self-control): Validating the mediating role of ethnical perception using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA)

Aim: The study aim was to validate how ethical perception could mediate teachers’ professional values such as objectivity, honesty, integrity and self-control in the Ghanaian context using CFA. Methods:  A cross-sectional study design was employed and the convenience sampling technique was used to administer a total of 248 questionnaires to basic and senior high school teachers in the southern part of Ghana. Findings: The study found that objectivity as one of the professional values of teachers has negative effect on the ethical perceptions of teachers and the results were not statistically significant (β=-0.015, SE.=0.061, p=0.800**, n=248). It was again found that integrity was statistically significant and had negative effect on ethical perceptions of teachers (β =-0.131, SE.=0.079, p<0.01, n=248). Again, it was found that honesty has statistically significant a positive effect on the ethical perceptions of teachers (β =0.413, SE.=0.066**, p<0.001, n=248). It was again found that self-control was statistically not significant and had negative effect on ethical perceptions of teachers (β =-0.097, SE.=0.096, p=0.309**, p<0.001, n=248).  Finally, it was found that ethical perception was statistically significant and had positive effect on the ethical decisions of teachers (β =0.427, SE.=0.065, p<0.001, n=248). In the end, the results suggest that there is a partial mediation effect of professional values on teachers’ ethical decisions (Obj.=-.007; p=.853; Hon.=.176; p=.003**; p=.039*; Inter.=-.056; Self-Con.=-042; p=.234**, p<0.001, n=248).  Conclusion: The study concluded that professional values, ethical perceptions and decisions of ethical behavior of teachers are an important part of a good workplace culture and should be encouraged in order to foster a strong working relationship for effective teaching and learning process. Recommendation: The study recommended that school heads in Ghana should create a framework at the workplace in which teachers can test and practice their professional values, ethical perceptions and decisions of ethical behavior with others to promote effective teaching and learning