Kajian Toksikologi dan Penanggulangan Senjata Kimia

A chemical weapon is defined as a substance that is intended for use in military and non- military operations to kill, seriously injure or otherwise incapacitate people, or to harm or destroy their habitat or economy. Chemical weapons can be made by toxic chemicals reaction. Chemical weapons misused may lead to terror, injury, death and environmental damage The Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) is an arms control agreement which outlaws the production, stockpiling and use of chemical weapons. C WC is the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stoclqoiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction. This article describe how to idenlijji chemical weapons, sign and symptom of their toxicity, impact and the chemical weapons convention, in order to handle and control chemical weapons release

Karakterisasi Kompleks Inklusi Asam Mefenamat - B-Siklodekstrin yang Dibuat dengan Metode Freeze Drying

Characterization of mefenamic acid- ,8-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes by freeze dryin method had been studied. Solid state mefenamic acid - B-cyclodextrin inclusion complex prepared by freeze drying method in 1:1 molar ratio. Mefenamlc acid, B-cyclodextrin, mefenamic acid - B-cyclodextrin physical mixture and inclusion complexes were characterized by Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscop (FTIR) , Dijferential Thermal Analyzer (DT/1) and dissolution studies. The results showed the formation of inclusion complex between mefenamic acid and B-lcyclodextrin. In vitro dissolution rate studies of mefenamic acid, mefenamic acid - B-lcyclodextrin physical mixture and inclusion complex were conducted using basket method and water as dissolution medium. Mefenamic acid - B-lcyclodextrin inclusion complex showed increasing dissolution rate compared to me?znamic acid - B-cyclodextrin physical mixture and mefenamic acid

Gambaran Kualitas Air Minum Di Jabodetabek Tahun 2007-2009

The greater the public awareness of health can be ascertained from the number of people who determined the water used for drinking water. Water determination is one of the programs in Pharmacy and Chemistry Laboratory in Center for Biomedic and Pharmacy. Ministry of Health. Water sample is determined chemically and physically based on the parameter requirements by the Regulation of Ministry of Health (Permenkes) No 907/Menkes/SK/V11/2002. The design of the study is cross-sectional, the samples are waters from Jakarta, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi (Jabodetabek), and outside Jabodetabek. The water samples are obtained from people who requested to determine their drinking water during period 2007- 2008. The amount of the water samples are 1668. Water determination is done both physically and chemically. Physical water determinations are including odor, TDS (total of dissolved solids), flavour, temperature, turbidity, and colour. Chemical water determinations are Nitrit, Fer-rum, hardness, Chloride, Manganese, pH, Sulfate, Sulfide, and organic substances. Based on the results, the result shows that 27,5% of water determinations are not recommended to drink because it contained high concentration of Manganese /7,6 91), Ferrum (7,2 %), turbidity (2,4%) and colour (2,5 %). The ratio of the samples which is not recomended to drink towards total sample in one area of Tangerang is 52.0%. Based on sampling water depth >100 m, the ratio of the samples which is not recomended to drink towards the total sample that collectedfrom the depth >100 m sample is 64.2%

Oviposisi dan Perkembangan Nyamuk Armigeres Pada Berbagai Bahan Kontainer

Abstract. Armigeres mosquito being the vector responsible for Japanese Encephalitis Virus and Filaria. Variouseffort have been done to control the mosquitoes. Acurated entomological data is needed to support controlmosquito vector, like data hits habitats armigeres. This study is aimed to compare oviposition of armigeres andthe development in various container. the clay container (44 egg)s more many found egg is compared withplastical stuff (11 egg)s. Moulting process of armigeres almost the same to culicinae, that is average ± 2 - 3days. Mosquito development in this laboratory test only until third generation (f3). Rearing of armigeres neededthe enviromental kondusif with nature habitat

Efek Daun Dewa (Gynura pseudo-china Aug D.C.) terhadap Peningkatan Trombosit Tikus Putih yang Diinduksi Hidroksi Urea

Daun dewa (Gynura pseudo-china Aug. DC), empirically used as anti-inflammation, anti-diare, anti-tumor, and anti-fungus Additionally, it also used to prevent blood vessel contriction, and stimulate the immune system. The leaf flom Daun Dewa empirically used to dengue fever treatment. In this study, 25 white rats Wistar strain were used which is divided into 5 groups J I) control group, 2) study group, which is divedid into 3 doses (100 mg, 200 mg, 400 mg/200g body weight) and 3) the normal control group (without induced). Hydroxy urea dose 27 mg/200 g body weight 2 times a day for induced. The treatment given 8 days dividing and every 2 days once done taking 0,5 ml of blood via the tail vein. Result showed ethanol leaf extract of Daun dewa dose 100 mg, 200 mg, and 400 mg/ 200 g body weight increase thrombocyte. Incease thrombocyte going on forth day afier the test dose, and the sixth day amount thrombocyte have reached normal

EVALUASI PENYEMPROTAN DINDING RUMAH PENDUDUK DI DESA JINTUNG DAN DESA SRATI KECAMATAN AYAH KABUPATEN KEBUMEN TAHUN 2006

Desa Jintung dan Desa Slatri, Kecamatan Ayah, Kabupaten Kebumen merupakan daerah Reseptif malaria.Terjadi peningkatan kasus malaria pada bulan Juli dan Agustus 2006. Hasil Penyelidikan Epidemiologi di kedua wilayah tersebut telah terjadi penularan malaria setempat yang bersumber dari penderita malaria yang baru pulang dari luar jawa (import). Tersangka vektor yang teridentifikasi adalah Anophelesmaculatus, An.aconitus dan An.balabacensis yang ditemukan baik menggigit di dalam rumah dan di luar rumah. Untuk mengantisipasi terjadinya penularan malaria yang lebih luas di wilayah tersebut dilakukan upaya intervensi berupa penyemprotan rumah (IRS / indoor Residual Spraying) dengan cakupan pada seluruh rumah di Desa Jintung dan Slatri. Penyemprotan rumah dilakukan pada minggu ke IV bulan Agustus 2006, petugas penyemprot dari masyarkat/kader setempat yang dilatih oleh Dinas Kesehatan Kebumen dan Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Kandungan bahan aktif insektisida yang digunakan adalah Bifentrin 0, 10. Agar upaya pemberantasan vektor (IRS) dapat berhasil guna dan berdaya guna harus dilakukan dengan cara yang benar yaitu meliputi ketepatan dosis insektisida, kerataan residu insektisida yang menempel dipermukaan dinding serta cakupan rumah yang di semprot. Untuk mengetahui keberhasilan kegiatan penyemprotan rumah dilakukan upaya evaluasi, salah satunya dengan uji hayati (Bioassay)