Läromedel och lärande : En svenskdidaktisk studie om hur uppgifter i läromedel uppmanar till elevinteraktion ur ett sociokulturellt perspektiv

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur fyra läromedel för högstadiet i ämnet svenska främjar elevinteraktion i klassrummet. Genom en kombination av kvantitativ och kvalitativ innehållsanalys kartläggs antalet interaktiva uppgifter och deras karaktär i läromedlen Liber Svenska 7–9, Kontakt 7–9, Svenska impulser 9 och Spegla språket 9. Resultatet visar att läromedlen varierar i sin fördelning av individuella och interaktiva uppgifter, där Svenska impulser och Spegla språket erbjuder flest interaktiva moment. Interaktiva uppgifter präglas främst av språket som medierande redskap, medan gestaltning är den kategori som finns minst representerad i samtliga lätomedel. Även kategorierna scaffolding och material som medierande stöttning förekommer i mindre utsträckning. Studien identifierar även att Kontakt särskiljer sig genom att ofta uppmana till helklassdiskussioner, vilket kan påverka förutsättningarna för jämställd elevinteraktion. Slutsatsen är att läromedlen erbjuder olika möjligheter till elevinteraktion, men elevers faktiska upplevelser påverkas också av den enskildes lärarens val i undervisningen

District nurses experiences to assess symptoms within palliative care in homecare : a qualitative interview study

Bakgrund: Palliativ vård är en stor och viktig del i hemsjukvård. Distriktssköterskan bör tidigt sträva efter att bedöma, identifiera samt förebygga uppkomsten av symtom. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva distriktssköterskors upplevelser av att bedöma symtom inom palliativ vård i hemsjukvård. Metod: En empirisk kvalitativ intervjustudie med induktiv ansats. Resultat: Distriktssköterskorna beskrev att hos den palliativa patienten är det vanligt med symtomsom smärta, oro och ångest, symtom som många gånger går hand i hand med varandra. I bedömningen av symtom används skattningsinstrument, klinisk blick samt anhöriga och omvårdnadspersonals patientkännedom. Brister ses dock i användningen av skattningsinstrument och i dokumentationen. Utbildning inom palliativ vård efterfrågas för hela teamet runt den palliativa patienten. Slutsats: Slutsatsen är att bedömning av symtom inom palliativ vård kan vara svårt och komplext då olika symtom ofta uppstår samtidigt eller beroende av varandra. Det finns ett behov av förbättringsarbete i hela teamet runt den palliativa patienten för ökad patientsäkerhet.Background: Palliative care is a large and an important part of homecare. District nurses should in an early stage strive to asses’, identify and prevent the origin of symptoms. Aim: The aim was to describe district nurses experiences to asses’ symptoms within palliative care in homecare. Method: An empirical qualitative interview study with inductive approach. Results: The district nurses described that it is common for the palliative patient to have symptoms such as pain, worry and anxiety, symptoms that often go hand in hand with each other. In the assessment of symptoms, assessment instruments, clinical observation and patient knowledge of relatives and nursing staff are used. However, shortcomings are seen in the use of estimation instruments and in the documentation. Education in palliative care is requested for the entire team around the palliative patient. Conclusions: The conclusion is that assessment of symptoms in palliative care can be difficult and complex as different symptoms often occur simultaneously or depend on each other. There is a need for improvement work in the entire team around the palliative patient for increased patient safety

Experiencing fertility preservation in adolescence - a qualitative interview study indicating gender disparities in AYAs diagnosed with cancer

INTRODUCTION: Fertility counselling on options for fertility preservation is increasingly implemented for children and adolescents at time of cancer diagnosis. Sperm cryopreservation has been standard of care for male patients during several decades and the procedure is not expected to delay the onset of cancer treatment. However, oocyte cryopreservation in female adolescents remains controversial, the reasons include the need of ovarian stimulation, gynecological exams and interventions, in all a potentially distressing experience for patients without previous experience of this type of examination or without previous sexual debut. With this study we wished to investigate how adolescent cancer patients experience fertility preservation procedures aiming at semen banking or oocyte cryopreservation. METHODS: Adolescent patients diagnosed with cancer that underwent fertility preservation at the Reproductive Medicine Clinic of Karolinska University Hospital were invited to participate in the study. Inclusion required the ability to communicate in Swedish or English. Exclusion criteria were current age under 15 at time of the interview and ongoing cancer treatment. The study had a qualitative study design and phenomenological approach with semi-structured individual face-to-face interviews. Ten interviews with six female and four male study participants were conducted between June and August 2023. RESULTS: The analysis resulted in three identified main themes: Communication about the risk of infertility and the fertility preservation, Freezing gametes - the process and healthcare encounters, and The decision to preserve gametes for one's own sake. Gender specific gaps in communication about fertility risks and fertility preservation procedures were found, with young females expressing a wish for improved communication and reporting experiences of discomfort during the procedures needed for oocyte cryopreservation, whereas young men were generally satisfied with their experience. Limitations include a risk of responder bias since not all patients who were contacted agreed to interview. DISCUSSION: Although gender disparities were identified in this study, fertility preservation was perceived as a positive experience and mitigated fertility-related distress in both male and female adolescent patients. Our study adds to the scarce literature on adolescents of both sexes undergoing fertility preservation and underscores the importance of specialized communication in fertility counselling and treatment of AYAs diagnosed with cancer

Omvandling av trafikmiljöer i mindre städer och samhällen : En kunskapsöversikt

Trafikmiljöerna i Sverige har sedan 1950-talet i stor utsträckning formats av bilens behov vilket leder till att många områden och platser behöver få en mer innovativ utformning och användning än idag. Denna rapport utgör en kunskapsöversikt och analys av tidigare och aktuell forskning, utveckling ochinnovation inom ett av de omställningslabb som drivs av innovations- programmet ShiftSweden. Innovationssatsningen är initierad av Energimyndigheten, Formas och Vinnova. Rapporten har sitt främsta fokus på tätorter &lt;20 000 invånare som omfattar ca 36% av landets tätortsbefolkning 2023. Flera utmaningar har identifierats för dessa orter såsom låg täthet och stor utspridning av bebyggelse. De ekonomiska möjligheterna är också begränsade för att kunna hantera avancerade åtgärder av den typ som finns i storstäder. Samtidigt finns goda möjligheter till förändring genom förekomsten av funktionsblandning och kulturhistoriska värden i dessa orter samt kortarebeslutsvägar mellan de aktörer som är involverade i omvandlingsprocesser. Resultat från forskning, utveckling och innovation inom ett flertal kunskaps- områden behöver kombineras för att täcka in det helhetsgrepp som krävs i omvandling av trafikmiljöer. Ett antal fokusområden har identifierats somsuccessivt behöver integreras i framtida studier och experimentell utveckling och design av mindre orters trafikmiljöer.Traffic environments in Sweden have since the fifties to a large extent been designed in a car-oriented way, which is why many areas and places need to be redesigned and used in more innovative ways. This report is an overview and analysis of former and actual research, development and innovation projects within one of the transition labs led by Shift Sweden. The innovation platform is initiated by the Energy Agency, Formas and Vinnova. The main focus of the report is small urban centers &lt;20 000 inhabitants, which includes 36% of the urban population in Sweden 2023. A number of challenges have been defined for these type of urban areas, among them low urban density and sprawl of thebuilt environment. The economical opportunities to handle more advanced measures applied in larger cities are also limited. At the same time there are favorable potentials for transition by the presence of mixed-use and cultural values in the central parts of small urban centers, and also shorter decision paths between the stakeholders involved in transition processes. Results fromresearch, development and innovation need to be combined in order to cover the comprehensive approach which is demanded in the transition of traffic environments. A number of focus areas have been identified that need to be integrated in future studies and experimental development and design of small urban centers.Rapport inom ShiftSwedens arbete med skifte 2: Från ohållbara transporter till en ny frihetsreform med konkurrenskraftiga alternativ till enskilt bilresande.</p

Stories of lost loves : A comparative study of two novels of young love: The Lover and Lie with me

Dans ce mémoire deux romans d’amour de jeunesse sont étudiés, L’Amant de Marguerite Duras et Arrête avec tes mensonges de Philippe Besson. Ce sont deux romans qui se déroulent dans deux époques et milieux différents mais qui décrivent le premier amour, avec une voix narrative auto-expérimentée (dans le mémoire nous les traitons comme des ouvrages d’autofiction). Le but de notre étude est de comparer les deux ouvrages, à partir de la notion d’intertextualité, et d’étudier s’il y a des rapports entre les deux textes. Nous utilisons les termes itérabilité et présupposition comme outils d’analyse. Notre étude se focalise à la fois sur les sous-thèmes récurrents et les motifs utilisés. La conclusion du mémoire est qu’il y a des sous-thèmes et motifs communs et que ceux-ci reproduisent la notion d’amour de jeunesse. Nous constatons aussi qu’il y a des rapports entre les textes : le texte de Besson exprime clairement des liens avec celui de Duras.In this paper two novels of young love are studied, namely The Lover (L’Amant) by Marguerite Duras and Lie with me (Arrête avec tes mensonges) by Philippe Besson. These novels take place in two different times and places, but they are stories that describe the first love, with a narrative voice of self-experience (in the paper they are treated as works of autofiction). The aim of the study is to compare the two works, with the notion of intertextuality as a starting-point, and to study if any links between the two texts can be found. The terms iterability and presupposition are used as tools in the analysis of the texts. The study focuses on both recurring sub-themes and motifs used. The conclusion of the study is that there are common sub-themes and motifs and that these are reproducing the notion of young love. It is also found that there are links between the texts: the text by Besson clearly expresses links to the text by Duras

The urinary microbiome in association with diabetes and diabetic kidney disease : A systematic review

BACKGROUND: The urinary microbiome, or urobiome, is a novel area of research that has been gaining attention recently, as urine was thought to be sterile for years. There is limited information about the composition of the urobiome in health and disease. The urobiome may be affected by several factors and diseases such as diabetes, a disease that often leads to kidney damage. Thus, we need to understand the role of the urobiome to assess and monitor kidney disease related to diabetes over time. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review to summarize knowledge about the urobiome in association with diabetes mellitus and diabetic kidney disease. The search was conducted in several electronic databases until November 2024. RESULTS: Eighteen studies were selected including cross-sectional case-control studies, cross-sectional surveys and one prospective longitudinal study. In total, the urobiome of 1,571 people was sequenced, of which 662 people had diabetes, and of these 36 had confirmed diabetic kidney disease; 609 were healthy individuals, 179 had prediabetes or were at risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and 121 did not have diabetes but had other comorbidities. Eight studies analysed data from females, one was focused on male data, and the other nine had mixed female-male data. Most of the studies had a small sample size, used voided midstream urine, and used 16S rRNA sequencing. CONCLUSION: This systematic review summarizes trends seen throughout published data available to have a first baseline knowledge of the urinary microbiome, and its microbiota, in association with diabetes including the decreased richness and α-diversity in urinary microbiota in individuals with diabetes compared to healthy controls and the decreased α-diversity with the evolution of kidney disease independently of the cause

Techno-economical assessment of battery storage combined with large-scale Photovoltaic power plants operating on energy and Ancillary Service Markets

A significant challenge is to determine the specific services Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) should provide to maximize profits. This study investigates the most profitable markets and sizes of BESS with utility-scale solar Photovoltaics (PV) power plants using techno-economic analysis frameworks. The objective is to maximize profitability in energy and frequency markets, focusing on primary regulation and day-ahead markets for Sweden and Germany. The inputs are historical market prices and frequency data, as well as real measurement PV power data. The results show that adding a BESS to an existing PV park does not result in a lower payback period than if implementing a stand-alone BESS. However, the payback period differs between Sweden and Germany during 2023, i.e., being 1.8 and 6.8 years, respectively. This is explained by the lower frequency market prices for Germany compared to Sweden. The technical results indicate that the BESS energy capacity after 10 years of operation is approximately 83% for Germany, whereas, for Sweden, it is around 87%. Also, combining the operating of BESS on primary regulation and day-ahead markets showed a 6-year payback period with a slight increase in loss of energy capacity (from 83 to 80%) for Germany. Moreover, combining various PV-BESS sizes showed a discrepancy in economic and technical metrics for the BESS in Germany, resulting in a best-case of a 6-year payback period. A sensitivity analysis, which examines a drop in the frequency control prices in the future relative to 2023 (by 20% and 50% for Germany and Sweden, respectively), reveals an increase in the payback period for both countries by approximately 1 year

From past Language to Lively Lessons – How Ancient Languages Can Be Used to Foster Motivation in Modern German Lessons

Die historische Entwicklung der deutschen Sprache enthält kulturelle und auch sprachliche Schätze, die den Schülern im Deutschunterricht auf vielfältige Weise vermittelt werden können. Diese Arbeit zeigt, wie althochdeutsche und mittelhochdeutsche Texte den Deutschunterricht der 5. und 6. Klassen bereichern können. Ziel ist es, den Schülern und Schülerinnen die historischen Wurzeln der deutschen Sprache und die damit verbundenen kulturellen Schätze näherzubringen. Es wird gezeigt, dass althochdeutsche oder mittelhochdeutsche Texte wertvolle und spannende Inhalte bieten, die sowohl das Verständnis als auch die Wertschätzung der deutschen Sprache fördern können. Das übergeordnete Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, umfassend darzustellen, wie didaktisch aufbereitetes Material zu den sprachlichen und kulturellen Aspekten des Alt- und Mittelhochdeutschen wirkungsvoll in den Deutschunterricht integriert werden kann und welche Relevanz diese Integration für dessen inhaltliche und methodische Bereicherung besitzt