Assessing The Anti-Inflammatory Potential Of Vitex negundo: An In-Vitro Experimental Study

Vitex negundo is an aromatic plant from the Verbenaceae family, native to India, which has been known for its therapeutic properties since ancient times. In the current study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory properties of Vitex negundo (VN) extract via in-vitro laboratory experiments such as HRBC (Human red blood cell) membrane stabilisation assay, albumin denaturation inhibition assay, and proteinase inhibition assay. The results exhibited that, in the HRBC membrane stabilisation test, the VN extract significantly reduced cell damage, exhibiting 79.95% protection at a concentration of 200 μg/ml against the control anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac sodium.In the protein denaturation assay, VN effectively inhibited protein denaturation, with its highest inhibition rate of 72.29% at 200 μg/ml concentration. The proteinase inhibition assay also demonstrated satisfactory results, with maximum inhibition (58.24%) observed at 200μg/ml.These results confirm the strong anti-inflammatory properties of VN, particularly at a concentration of 200 μg/ml, where it was most effective in mitigating inflammation-related mechanisms. Our results propose that VN has significant potential to be developed into a natural, plant-based anti-inflammatory therapeutic agent and is a promising alternative to synthetic drugs. The current study will be a foundation for future research efforts that aim to explore the therapeutic properties of VN, and future research endeavours should focus more on advanced phytochemical characterisation, drug formulations and human clinical trials to exploit the use of these properties

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Work Fatigue Among Port Operational Workers: Analysis of Contributing Determinant Factor

Introduction: Humans work to meet the needs of daily life, often they ignore the fatigue experienced by the body due to work. The purpose of this study is to see the influence of age, length of service, physical workload, nutritional status, work shift, job stress, noise and lighting on work fatigue in operational workers at the Port.Objectives: The aim of this study is to see the influence of age, length of service, physical workload, nutritional status, work shift, job stress, noise and lighting on work fatigue in operational workers at the port.Methods: The type of research used in this study is observational analysis using a cross sectional study design. This research was carried out for 60 days, with a total sample of 150 samples Results: Results: Based on the results of the partial regression coefficient test, it was found that the significant values in the work shift variable were 0.006, the age variable was 0.008, the length of service variable was 0.023, the workload variable was 0.030, the lighting variable was 0.374 and the job stress variable was 0.931. Meanwhile, the BMI and noise variables could not be tested because they did not have a significant relationship in the bivariate analysis.Conclusions: The variables of work shift, age, length of service and workload partially affected work fatigue significantly. While other variables partially have a small influence on work fatigue

In-vitro interaction of terbinafine alone and in combination against isolates of Aspergillus Species

INTRODUCTION: The infection associated with Aspergillus species causes high morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients and the sudden outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic worsened the situation in the healthcare system. Recent guidelines recommend the use of voriconazole and isavuconazole for the treatment of aspergillosis, but the emergence of Azole-resistant Aspergillus species limits the azole-based treatment approach. The use of antifungal combination therapy might become an emerging alternative strategy for aspergillosis. In our study, we evaluate the terbinafine interaction against Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus terreus alone and in combination with other compounds.MATERIAL AND METHODS: In-vitro terbinafine and other compounds activity against the Aspergillus species was assessed using the Disk Diffusion Assay and micro-broth dilution assay, and the Zone of Inhibition results were measured in millimetres with Mean ± Standard Deviation. The assessment of interaction was done by a chequerboard assay, and the interaction was quantified using the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index. These methods provide insights into the nature of the interaction, such as synergy, additivity, indifference, or antagonism.RESULTS: The Zone of inhibition of terbinafine against Aspergillus strains ranges between 22.7±0.2 to 41.3±0.2, Ebselen 16.7±0.2 to 29.3±0.2, Amphotericin B 21.2±0.3 to 27.7±0.2, Aerosporine 6.1±0.2 to 12.5±0.2, Ciprofloxacin 6.3±0.3 and Gentamycin sulphate 6.2±0.2. Terbinafine and other compounds show variable activity and the interaction between these compounds is an interesting approach in the treatment of fungal infections.CONCLUSION: The interaction between terbinafine and other compounds is interesting and might be a potential therapeutic approach against invasive Aspergillus infections

Efficacy, Safety, and Antimicrobial Activity of a Polyherbal Formulation (Ocemic Capsule) in the Treatment of Otitis Media: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

the present study aimed to assess the antimicrobial effect and safety of proprietary polyherbal formulation labelled as Ocemic capsule on otitis media in ear. It is A single blind randomized, controlled clinical study in institutional setting Post Ethics Committee permission, screened otitis media, both ASOM and CSOM patients of either sex aged 20-60 years were randomized to trail group and controlled group for 11 days. Major assessment variables included Culture and sensitivity, audiological evaluation by Audiometry (PTA) and effect on symptoms otorrhea otalgia and changes in perforation. All selected patient were observed till 11 days in both groups, screening was done on day 0 for inclusion in study patients fulfilling inclusion criteria were randomized into either group and follow up on 3rd, 6th, 9th,11th. From day 1 drug will be started up to day days on 11-day patient will be assed for after trail results. Audiometry was done on 0th and 11th dayMean ± standard deviation median (range) and Wilcoxon Rank sum test/Mann–Whitney test for nonparametric data analysis, were done. For pain parameter normality does not satisfy hence used Wilcoxon test instead of “t test” GraphPad IN Stat software, version 9 was used with p < 0.05, as the level of statistical significance.The primary outcomes included the resolution of key symptoms (pain, ear discharge, tympanic membrane perforation), audiometric improvements, and microbial culture sensitivity. Results revealed that Ocemic capsule significantly outperformed cefixime in reducing pain, ear discharge, improving hearing, and promoting tympanic membrane healing. The formulation demonstrated notable antimicrobial activity, suggesting its potential as a safe, effective alternative to conventional antibiotics in treating otitis media

Exploring the Correlates, Aetiology and Preventive Measures of Internet Addiction: A Review Article

Technology has made a huge growth and impact on human’s life, and it has profoundly changed the experience of our life in day-to-day basis. This technology has facilitated us and improves our everyday lives in various ways. With the technological advancement the popularity of Internet as a source of communication, entertainment, networking, etc is also becoming an ever-increasing part of people’s life. But at the same time excessive use of Internet is also intruded the life of the users in persistent negative consequences such as academic failure, job loss, procrastination, social problems, poor health, disruptive sleep, etc especially in the adolescents and young adults which has become the major concern and challenge across various countries including India. In this view, present research article focuses on predicting factors of internet addiction, its aetiology and preventative measures. Literature review shows some prominent associated factors of internet addiction but contextual factors also play vital role. Large scale based empirical studies are suggested to achieve the clear understanding

Improving Ayushman Bharat\u27s Impact: Beneficiary Identification System Awareness and Use

Background: The study focuses on awareness and utilization of the Ayushman Application, emphasizing its key feature: the Beneficiary Identification System. The background points out the potential that digital applications such as Ayushman hold in expanding accessibility to healthcare benefits under government schemes.Objective: This study aims to determine factors that influence awareness, evaluate the success of promotional efforts, and measure the extent of awareness regarding this application.Method: It utilizes a mixed-method approach and incorporates both quantitative & qualitative analyses. Data is sourced through primary sources of surveys and interviews and secondary sources of reports and publications. This study uses stratified random sampling, targeting 217 respondents who are either current or potential users of the Ayushman Application. The analytical tools used here include SPSS and Excel, with techniques like the Chi-square test to test hypotheses. Result: The Pearson chi-square statistic stated significant association between income level and awareness level of Ayushman application (0.030, p-value < 0.05), education level and Ayushman application (0.013, p-value < 0.05), age and Ayushman application (0.027, p-value < 0.05). Study addresses the technical and social barriers, in terms of unreliable internet connections, resistance to digital tools, and infrastructure-related issues, such as lack of device access barriers, hindered the application\u27s reach. Conclusion: The remained gaps in the awareness and utilization of the Ayushman Application due to a lack of internet access, low internet literacy, and infrastructural issues, which were partly evident in the rural areas, as noted by the study. Such findings call for informative, expansive, and tailored outreach to counter such hindrance

Examining the Issue of Undernutrition among Tribal Pregnant Women in Jammu Kashmir

Undernutrition is a universal public health issue, particularly among pregnant women. Maternal malnutrition harms both mothers\u27 and children\u27s health, and as a result has significant impacts on economic and social development. One of the third goals established by the sustainable development Goals is to have good health and wellbeing.in order to achieve the goal maternal health becomes important. This paper investigates the significant issue of malnutrition among tribal pregnant women in Jammu and Kashmir. Cross sectional study was conducted among the tribal pregnant women, and it seeks to assess available literature, studies, and reports on the burden of undernutrition in this vulnerable population in depth. This research study uses a structured questionnaire, and the survey method was used to collect data

The Role of AI in Enhancing Precision Medicine for Urological Cancer: A Systematic Review

Background: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with precision medicine represents a promising frontier in urological cancer management. This systematic review evaluates the current landscape of AI applications in precision medicine for urological cancers, analyzing methodological approaches, clinical applications, and implementation challenges.Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and IEEE Xplore databases from January 2015 to December 2024. The review followed PRISMA guidelines, focusing on original research articles exploring AI applications in precision medicine for urological cancers. Quality assessment was performed using QUADAS-2 and ROBINS-I tools, with AI-specific evaluation using AI-RADS criteria.Results: Among 2,847 identified articles, 89 studies met the inclusion criteria. Prostate cancer studies dominated the literature (47.2%), followed by bladder (28.1%), kidney (20.2%), and testicular cancer (4.5%). Deep learning approaches were most prevalent (42.7%), achieving the highest performance metrics in prostate cancer applications (accuracy 88.5%, AUC-ROC 0.91). External validation was reported in 50.6% of studies, with multi-institutional validation in 31.5%. Implementation challenges were identified in 75.3% of studies, primarily concerning data quality (77.6%) and workflow integration (71.6%).Conclusion: AI applications in precision medicine for urological cancers demonstrate promising performance metrics and potential for clinical impact. However, the field faces significant challenges in data standardization, external validation, and clinical integration. Future developments should focus on multi-institutional collaboration, standardized validation protocols, and improved implementation strategies to enhance the clinical utility of AI-driven precision medicine approaches in urological oncolog

Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Green Synthesized Chitosan Nanoparticles -An Invitro Study

Important roles in the pathophysiology of many diseases include the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. This work uses extracts from Azadirachta indica and Solanum xanthocarpum to examine the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant characteristics of green produced chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs). These CNPs were evaluated for their potential to stabilize cellular membranes and inhibit protein denaturation, both of which are markers of inflammation. Additionally, the antioxidant properties were assessed through radical scavenging activities. The study found that CNPs exhibited significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, suggesting their potential as therapeutic agents in the management of inflammatory conditions and oxidative stress-related disorders