Zwischen Verdacht und Vertrauen: Das "dialektische Spiel" von Paul Ricœurs Hermeneutik

Too often associated with suspicion rather than trust, Ricœur\u27s hermeneutics is understood by many primarily as a critical endeavor. In this way, the fragile balance that he is trying to maintain between the two approaches is ignored. The objective of the following study is, by means of Ricoeur\u27s "dialectical game of suspicion and trust", to elucidate the complexity of his hermeneutics and to demonstrate that trust is as pivotal as suspicion. At the difference of some authors who maintain that trust and suspicion are opposed, even mutually exclusive approaches of two kinds of hermeneutics, it will be shown that Ricoeur has developed a single hermeneutics which encompasses both approaches and explores them on different levels (epistemological, anthropological, ethical, sociopolitical). In the limited number of contributions dedicated to Ricoeur\u27s concept of trust, these different levels are frequently conflated, whereby the relationship between religious belief and trust/mistrust is completely ignored. Consequently, the divergent perspectives of his early and late philosophical work, as well as certain discontinuities, are overlooked. Therefore, this study places a central emphasis on the neglected religious level of suspicion and trust.&nbsp

Progress and Criticism of Progress as a Characteristic of Modern Civilizations in the Work of Friedrich Nietzsche and Ludwig Wittgenstein

Superficially, the proximity of Wittgenstein\u27s work and its undisputed influence by Friedrich Nietzsche\u27s ideas and concepts suggests that there are also overlaps in the large and in Nietzsche\u27s work decisive field of progress and criticism of progress. The article tries to show that this is not the case. Despite all the overlaps that may exist between Friedrich Nietzsche and Ludwig Wittgenstein, these do not come to light in the concept of progress and the critique of progress. Both thinkers pursue a very different movement of thought; Wittgenstein sees Nietzsche\u27s focus on the "idea of great progress" as a "delusion", which he does not consider to be expedient. Ludwig Wittgenstein explicitly distances himself here from the spirit that defined the prevailing European and American civilization in the 1930s. He does not succumb to the delusions of grandeur of new, higher-level civilization, but leaves progress as the constantly progressing background noise of any civilization

Nietzsche\u27s Labyrinth(s)

Editorial for the Special Issue on Nietzsche by Yvanka B. Raynov

Par-delà Nietzsche

This article presents Nietzsche\u27s notion of the Übermensch (le surhomme in French) as a development of romanticism conceived of as a quest to reveal the sentiment that defines or characterizes each individual as an individual. This approach reveals the affinities between Nietzsche and Schopenhauer, notably with respect to Schopenhauer\u27s notion of Will that Nietzsche transforms into that of the Will to power, thereby underscoring what can be considered as Nietzsche\u27s individualism. We argue that as a romantic notion, the notion of Übermensch fashions an ideal of what life could be but overlooks the importance of otherness and the role that otherness plays in defining the individual. Going beyond Nietzsche implies that the Übermensch, as a logical construct neglects the desire to please that constitutes an important part of an individual\u27s relation with otherness

La réception surréaliste de Simone Weil. Simone Weil et Georges Bataille

Despite her hostility to surrealism, Simone Weil received a paradoxical reception in the work and thought of Georges Bataille. From this point onwards she has attracted the interest of psychoanalysis up to the present day. After their meeting and exchanges at the beginning of the 1930s, Bataille wrote a novel in which he created a portrait of Simone Weil and asks, through her, questions which served to develop and enrich the next stages of his theoretical constructions. This pathway to progress through reference to Simone Weil has often gone unnoticed. However, it deserves to be reconstituted because it brings a disturbing light that Weil would not have approved but that could help us to renew our understanding of her personality and her work

Nietzsche\u27s Poethics: Poetry as a Way of Life in \u27The Gay Science\u27

The notion of poethics has been used to approach the way in which forms of language and forms of life are interdependent and to reveal the ethical dimension of poetics. However, the interaction must go both ways; there must not only be an ethical dimension to poetics, but also a poetic dimension to ethics. To what extent is ethics dependent on poetics? In this essay, I argue that Nietzsche’s life-affirming ethics can be understood only in this poethical framework. The specificity of Nietzsche’s ethics, and why it is so difficult to locate on the spectrum of ethical theories, lies in the fact that his ethics is a poetics. By focusing mainly on The Gay Science, I explore the interaction between ethics and poetics that lies at the heart of Nietzsche’s ethical thought. Both poetics and ethics involve the question of value, and a poetic ethics (a poethics) reveals that the creation of ethical value is something necessarily poetic. Nietzsche’s ethics of creation is not a mere theory, but a poetic way of life

Dispositifs pulsionnels et économies de la subjectivation : actualités de Nietzsche au prisme de Pierre Klossowski

This article aims to reposition Nietzsche\u27s thought within contemporary fields of research through the prism of its reception by Pierre Klossowski. Our analysis makes use of Klossowski\u27s unpublished manuscripts, allowing us to better articulate and situate Nietzsche\u27s thought within Klossowski\u27s thought, which is nourished by a dialogue that goes beyond his work devoted to Nietzsche and develops an analysis that is particularly amenable to updating. In developing a Nietzsche-informed general economy of subjectivation, Klossowskian theory tends toward various aspects of theoretical explorations present in media thought and the posthumanities. In doing so, we show that Nietzsche\u27s thought, as approached by Klossowski, allows for unprecedented connections that shed light on the genealogy of the posthumanities, conceptually enrich research in Media archaeology and Science and Technology Studies, and anticipate the crucial role of affect and information in contemporary processes of subjectivation

The Importance of Being Honest: Free Spirits and Idiosyncrasy in Nietzsche

The main argument of this paper is that the debate on whether Nietzsche is communitarian or individualist is wrongheaded, failing to distinguish the conception of community and individual Nietzsche critiques, the \u27mob\u27 and the \u27Higher Man\u27, from the conceptions Nietzsche envisions and hopes for, his \u27free spirits\u27 and – what I call, based on the critique of indivisible subjects in the Genealogy of Morality – the idiosyncrasy. I propose a reading of Nietzsche which elaborates his novel conception of a non-ascetic will to truth, based in courageous honesty and self-overcoming, rather than self-preservation, in order to conceive these individuals and communities. The coupling of Dionysus and Apollo has to be replaced with Dionysus and Ariadne because, using key terms from Deleuze\u27s Nietzsche, the sense and value of critique is generated from a labyrinthine, Dionysian meaning as will to power and Ariadne\u27s thread as evaluation based on the eternal recurrence, constituting the idiosyncrasy and the free spirits, respectively

Thoughtful Labor. Simone Weil on Vocational Education

The work of Simone Weil is increasingly important in the field of philosophy of education, however, her ideas on schooling have been largely understood from her later, religiously inspired works. This paper argues that this approach does not do justice to the fact that Weil\u27s thinking about education is already present in her earlier works and that her educational ideas were profoundly inspired by her experience as a factory worker. One of the key insights Weil gained whilst working in a factory was the importance of what she refers to as "thoughtful labor". This paper addresses this concept by engaging with the earlier work of Weil on educational philosophy. Furthermore, these ideas are juxtaposed with a German tradition in pedagogical thinking, emerging around the same time, on the notion of Berufsbildung, which indicates a combination of professional, personal and societal formation in vocational training. I argue that Weil shares with this tradition the crucial idea that work can have an educational value, and that it should be integrated into the educational system. However, the tradition of Berufsbildung has been critiqued for its strong tendency to consolidate existing power structures; I suggest that this critique is still valid on current discourses on general formation and Bildung in vocational education. In the final part of this article, I argue that on this point the work of Simone Weil differs from the notion of Berufsbildung, as she stands in a tradition of educational thinkers who remind us of the potential revolutionary character of education

Simone Weil ou la vérité des fous

Editorial of Yvanka B. Raynova to the Special issue "Simone Weil (1909-1943): Receptions and Actuality.