Preclinical research of the experimental preparation “Ferosel T”

oai:ojs2.ujvas.com.ua:article/1The results of preclinical studies of the new ferrodextran preparation “Ferosel T”, which contains ferrum and selenium, are presented. It has been established that at oral administration of ferrocellus T in a prophylactic dose of 2 ml/kg b.w. and the therapeutic dose of 4 ml/kg for 3 days in a row in the stomach of laboratory rats did not show toxic effects. No toxic effect of T ferrocellus is established at introducing it into the stomach in doses in 3 and 10 times higher than the therapeutic ones. Under conditions of subcutaneous administration of the drug, the death of white rats was not observed, only short-term inhibition of laboratory animals, which was prescribed the drug in a dose of 10 ml/kg b.w. It was established that in the preventive and optimal therapeutic doses the drug did not affect the detoxification function of the liver. In rats, which ferrocellus T was administered at maximum therapeutic and possibly toxic doses, the duration of hexenal sleep was for 32 and 35% higher relative to control values. The investigation of the emotional and behavioral reactions of laboratory animals after administration of ferrocellus T for 21 days in therapeutic and maximum therapeutic doses did not show a significant effect on the nervous system. In terms of hyperemia and swelling of the skin and the thickness of the skin, ferrocellus T in prophylactic and therapeutic doses upon application to rabbit skin did not cause local irritation. Separate injection of the drug “Ferosel T” by sub-planar way to guinea pigs in 0.1 ml. did not cause swollen reactions of the paws. As a result of the conducted research, no allergenic properties of the drug “Ferosel T” were found. In laboratory rats, which were introduced ferrosel T in the prophylactic dose of probable changes in the weight of the heart, liver, spleen and kidneys is not established. In rats, which were administered ferrocellus T in an optimal therapeutic dose, in comparison with control weights of the spleen and liver, respectively, was in 10.3 and 6.4% higher. When introducing ferrocellus T at the maximum therapeutic dose, the mass of the spleen and liver was in 14.0 and 15.0% higher, respectively. The results of the studies indicate that the drug “Ferosel T” is safe when used for the prevention and treatment of animals

Hypocobaltosis and hypocuprosis in pregnant mares in the western biogeochemical zone of Ukraine (distribution, diagnosis)

The article presents theoretical and experimental substantiation of relationship between the content of trace elements in the soil, water, feed and blood of mare with hypocobaltosis and hypocuprosis in biogeochemical province of Transcarpathia. The total content of Zn in soils is 50.96 mg/kg, Cu – 16.32, Co – 7.14, and Mn – 493.97 mg/kg. It was established decrease in the concentration of mobile forms of Cu and Co (0.01mg /kg), Cr (1.93), Pb (1.66), Ni (0.67), Zn (1.42). Also, in water from artesian wells of research farm it was established decreased content of Co (by 3.3 times), Cu (111), Zn (1.19), Mn (1.31), Cd (5.0 times) and on the contrary increased content of Pl by 5.6, Ni – 3.3 and Fe – 43.5 times. Providing of mares by Co is 54.7%, Cu – 88.5, Zn – 83.3, Fe – 88.4, Mn by 29%. The negative effect of Cobalt and Copper deficiency on erythrocytopoesis is shown. In particular, the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin level, hematocrit value, and hemoglobin content in the erythrocyte indicate a development of alimentary anemia in pregnant mares. The established low level of Co and Cu that indicates the development of polymicroelementosis in mares. The Cobalt content in blood of non-pregnant mares was on the lower physiological limit and on average it was 0.48 ± 0.02 μmol/l. In the mares, at 7 month of pregnancy, the Cobalt content was lower (P < 0.01) than that of non-pegnant. In the 9–11 months of pregnancy, its level was on average 0.19 ± 0.02 μmol/l, which is lower by 2.5 and 1.9 times than in non-pregnant mares (P < 0.001) and at 4 months of pregnancy (P < 0.05). The Copper content in blood of mares at 9–11 months of pregnancy was lowest and the average was 2.09 ± 0.07 μmol/l (1.98–2.27), which is lower on 46.8 and 22.6% (P < 0.001) compared to non-pregnant and mares at 4 month of pregnancy. Hypocopperemia was established in 100% of studied mares. In non-pregnant mares, the Copper content was on average 3.93 ± 0.14 μmol/l. Taking into account the role of these microelements in metabolic transformations, changes in the composition of blood and the development of metabolism disorders in the organism of mares during the period of pregnancy can be explained

The role of insulin-like growth factor and leptin in the pathogenesis of internal non-contagious pathology of dairy cows

The endocrine system plays a key role in the pathogenesis of the non-infectious pathology of dairy cows. However, the role of a number of hormones in pathology is not clear. These hormones include insulin-like growth factors and leptin. The insulin-like growth factor is synthesized predominantly in the liver in response to an increase in the level of somatotropic hormone in the blood. According to its physiological properties, it is close to insulin, structurally similar, has common receptors that trigger the same chain of reactions: stimulates transport of amino acids and glucose in the muscles, increases the sensitivity of cells to insulin, in adipose tissue, transport glucose, oxidation of glucose to carbon dioxide, the inclusion of glucose in lipids. Leptin is synthesized by adipocytes, and its main physiological function is to reduce the synthesis of macroergic compounds and increase energy expenditure. Circulating in the blood, it helps to maintain an optimal level of glucose, which is necessary for the energy needs of the body. The purpose of this study was to investigate the concentration of insulin-like growth factor, leptin, glucose, pyruvate and lactate in the blood of cows under secondary osteodystrophy, ketosis and hepatodistrophy. This will give an opportunity to better understand the pathogenesis and create theoretical preconditions for the development of informative diagnostic tests and effective means of treatment. The experiment was conducted on dairy cows, analogues by age, breed, productivity and physiological state. According to clinical features, urine analysis and values of biochemical parameters of blood of experimental cows were divided into four groups: 1 – clinically healthy cows, 2 – patients with osteodystrophy, 3 – patients with ketosis, 4 – patients with hepatodistrophy. The obtained results of research indicate that the internal non-contagious pathology in dairy cows deficiency of exchange energy is recorded, which induces an increase in the activity of gluconeogenesis and is expressed by lowering the concentration of glucose and increasing the content of pyruvate and lactate. At the same time, a decrease in the level of insulin-like growth factor and leptin was found. The lowest level of insulin-like growth factor and leptin was determined by ketosis. The decrease in the level of tissue hormones in the blood plasma of cows under osteodystrophy was within the statistical error