MoMo. Monitorización de la mortalidad diaria por todas las causas y atribuible a temperaturas. Situación a 20 de enero de 2026.

Desde el 01 de enero de 2023 MoMo ha identificado a nivel nacional -3.355 exceso de defunciones por todas las causas y 18.082 defunciones atribuibles a temperatura.N

A high-fat diet nutritional intervention reprograms cardiac metabolism and improves systolic function in a pig model of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.

Most forms of heart failure are characterized by a metabolic switch from the use of fatty acids to glucose as the main fuel source for ATP generation in the myocardium. Whether metabolic reprogramming is a therapeutic target remains controversial. In this study, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and metabolic switch (i.e., increased myocardial glucose uptake) was induced in pigs by generating viable dysfunctional myocardium secondary to progressive coronary artery stenosis. Pigs (n = 19) were then randomized to a high-fat diet (HFD, chow diet supplemented with 20% lard) or control diet (no supplementation) for two months. Pre- and post-nutritional treatment contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and FDG-PET/CT studies were performed. Hearts were then harvested for further analysis. LVEF significantly improved in pigs receiving the 2-month HFD (38% [33, 43] to 54% [47, 62], p = 0.036) but remained unchanged in control-diet pigs (36% [35, 45] to 41% [38, 43], p = 0.24). HFD-fed pigs had a smaller extent of fibrosis after the dietary intervention (late gadolinium enhancement 0.45% LV [0.17, 1.67] vs 6.23 [5.54, 9.57], p = 0.0047). On FDG-PET, a reversion of the metabolic reprogramming in the LAD-dysfunctional myocardium was observed only in HFD-fed pigs (0.46 counts [0.21, 0.65] vs 1.80 [1.53, 2.83], p = 0.016). Transmission electron microscopy of explanted hearts revealed less fragmented mitochondrial and a lower lipid droplet density in cardiomyocytes from HFD-fed pigs (38 per 10 µm3 [34, 50] vs 96 [78, 124], p = 0.022), and this was accompanied by increased expression of genes involved in fatty acid metabolism and downregulation of genes encoding glucose import proteins. In conclusion, in a large animal model of HFrEF secondary to myocardial dysfunction with a metabolic switch, a nutritional intervention based on HFD feeding was associated with a cardiac metabolic restoration of fatty acid substrate use, restoration of cardiomyocyte lipid trafficking and significantly improved systolic function.SíThis work is part of project PCI2024-153440, funded by MCIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and co-funded by the European Union under the Partnership Fostering a European Research Area for Health (ERA4Health) (ERA4HEALTHCVD-091) (Grant Agreement No. 101095426, EU Horizon Europe Research and Innovation Programme). The study also received funding from the ERA-CVD Joint Transnational Call AC16/00021, the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2022-140176OB-I00), and the Comunidad de Madrid (S2022/BMD-7403, RENIM-CM). The CNIC is supported by the ISCIII, the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, and the Pro CNIC Foundation and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (CEX2020-001041-S)

MoMo. Monitorización de la mortalidad diaria por todas las causas y atribuible a temperaturas. Situación a 18 de marzo de 2026.

Desde el 01 de enero de 2023 MoMo ha identificado a nivel nacional -1.950 exceso de defunciones por todas las causas y 18.301 defunciones atribuibles a temperatura.N

Mending the Achilles heels of titin in cardiac and musculoskeletal disease

Titin, the largest known human protein, spans the sarcomere from Z-disk to M-line and is central to muscle elasticity, force transmission, and structural integrity. Maybe not surprisingly, accumulated evidence over the last years shows that titin, despite its titanic size, is not devoid of molecular Achilles heels that can lead to dysfunction and disease. In this review, we summarize the fundamental roles of titin in muscle mechanics, mechanosignaling, and physiology as well as in genetic and acquired disorders of cardiac and skeletal muscle. We discuss the current understanding of how mutations and posttranslational processing (dys)regulate titin, while highlighting gaps of knowledge regarding underlying molecular mechanisms. Finally, we analyze emerging experimental titin-cleavage models that are uncovering novel pathways of titin-based pathogenesis, positioning the protein not only as a central player in myocyte biomechanics but also as a determinant of pathological tissue remodeling. A main driving force in the field is to exploit the accumulated knowledge on titin to find new avenues for therapeutic intervention in cardiac and musculoskeletal disease.SíJAC acknowledges funding from Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCIU, MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) through grants PID2023-147683NB-I00 and RED2022-134242-T, the Regional Government of Madrid (Bases Reguladoras 2402/202; Convocatoria 3177/2024; TecNanoBio TEC2024/TEC-158), and the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. [101002927]). CNIC is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), the MCIU, and the Pro CNIC Foundation, and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (grant CEX2020-001041-S funded by MCIU). IMM was the recipient of a Doctoral INPhINIT fellowship from ’la Caixa’ Foundation (ID100010434, fellowship code LCF/BQ/DR20/11790009). RSR acknowledges funding from the European Molecular Biology Organization and AFM-Téléthon (Postdoctoral fellowships: EMBO ALTF 417-2022 and AFM-Téléthon 29507; Trampolin Research Grant AFM Téléthon 28755). We thank all members of the Molecular Mechanics of the Cardiovascular System Laboratory for feedback and support

Systematic Review of International Population Studies With Cardiac Magnetic Resonance and Genomics Research Data ("Imagenomics").

Epidemiological population studies may include cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-derived phenotyping and large-scale genotyping, providing unprecedented level of detail to investigate novel gene-lifestyle-disease interactions. The systematic review presents high-level summaries and critically appraises contemporary challenges and biobank opportunities. The authors identified 17 relevant biobanks by searching "CMR," "genome" and "population study" on MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science 2025. Collectively, studies recruited ∼1 million participants with stored blood samples for extensive genomic analyses, of whom >180,000 have or will undergo CMR. Use of expansive personal data must safeguard participant confidentiality, encourage technological standardization, and champion inclusivity and sustainability. Application of genotypic and imaging-derived phenotypic information will be readily translatable to clinical practice through investigation of, among others, new therapeutic targets and highly sensitive and specific biomarkers. Imaging biobanks are accessible to researchers by application. This systematic review should inspire greater use and cross-collaboration and facilitate powerful discoveries in more heterogeneous population samples.SíDr Hesse has been supported by a British Heart Foundation Clinical Research Training Fellowship number FS/CRTF/23/24428. Dr Aung has received support from Medical Research Council for his Clinician Scientist Fellowship (MR/X020924/1). Dr Petersen has received grants from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement number 825903 (euCanSHare project), the British Heart Foundation for funding the manual analysis to create a cardiac magnetic resonance reference standard for the UK Biobank imaging resource in 5000 CMR scans (www.bhf.org.uk; PG/14/89/31194, “SmartHeart” EPSRC program grant (www.nihr.ac.uk; EP/P001009/1); and has received consulting fees from Cardiovascular Imaging Inc, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Dr Captur has received grants from the British Heart Foundation (BHF, MyoFit46 Special Programme Grant SP/20/2/34841), the BHF Accelerator Award (AA/18/6/34223), the NIHR Invention for Innovation FAST grant scheme (iFAST NIHR205960), and the NIHR UCL Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (BRC). Dr Yeo has received grant support for the SingHEART study conducted at the National Heart Centre Singapore by the Lee Foundation and in memory of Mr Henry H.L. Kwee, SingHealth and Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine (PRISM); and has received a center grant awarded to the National Heart Centre Singapore from the National Medical Research Council, Ministry of Health, Singapore (CGAug16M006 and NMRC/CG1/003/2021-NHCS). Dr Friedrich is shareholder of Area19 Medical Inc, Montreal, Quebec, Canada and Circle Cardiovascular Imaging Inc, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Dr Pischon has received grants from NAKO by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [project funding reference numbers: 01ER1301A/B/C, 01ER1511D, 01ER1801A/ B/C/D and 01ER2301A/B/C], federal states of Germany and the Helmholtz Association, and the participating universities and the institutes of the Leibniz Association. Dr Bluemke has received consulting fees from GE HealthCare. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose

Vigilancia centinela de Infección Respiratoria Aguda en Atención Primaria (IRAs) y en Hospitales (IRAG) en España. Gripe, COVID-19 y otros virus respiratorios. Semana 06/2026 (del 02 de febrero al 08 de febrero de 2026).

Informe elaborado por el Grupo de Vigilancia de la Gripe. Red Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica Servicio de Vigilancia Epidemiológica. Centro Nacional de Epidemiología. En la elaboración de este Informe ha participado el Grupo de Vigilancia de Gripe y otros virus respiratorios, el Grupo de Monitorización de la Mortalidad Diaria del Área de Vigilancia de la Salud Pública del Centro Nacional de Epidemiología (Instituto de Salud Carlos III) y el Laboratorio de gripe y virus respiratorios del Centro Nacional de Microbiología (Instituto de Salud Carlos III). Este informe es el resultado del trabajo de todos los integrantes del Sistema de Vigilancia de infecciones respiratorias agudas en España (SiVIRA).A nivel sindrómico, la tasa de IRAs a nivel nacional es de 486,9 casos/100.000 habitantes (500,9 casos/100.000 habitantes en la semana previa), habiendo superado en la 39/2025 el umbral epidémico y presentando una intensidad baja. La tasa de síndrome gripal es de 20,8 casos/100.000 h (27 casos/100.000 habitantes en la semana previa), situándose por debajo del umbral epidémico y dejando una epidemia gripal desarrollada entre las semanas 47/2025 y 03/2026 con un pico de intensidad media. La tasa de COVID-19 (síndrome) es de 1,8 casos/100.000 habitantes (1,8 casos/100.000 habitantes en la semana previa) y la de bronquitis y bronquiolitis en menores de 5 años de 334,4 casos/100.000 habitantes (386,9 casos/100.000 habitantes en la semana previa). El porcentaje de positividad es de 7,8% para gripe (10,3% en la semana previa), 0,5% para SARS-CoV-2 (0,6% en la semana previa) y 18,2% para VRS (21,3% en la semana previa ).El proxy de gripe (IRAs x positividad a gripe) estima una incidencia de gripe de 38 casos/100.000 habitantes (51,6 casos/100.000 habitantes en la semana previa). El proxy de COVID-19 (IRAs x positividad a COVID-19) estima una incidencia de COVID-19 de 2,4 casos/100.000 habitantes (3 casos/100.000 habitantes en la semana previa). El proxy de VRS (IRAs x positividad a VRS) estima una incidencia de VRS de 88,6 casos/100.000 habitantes (106,7 casos/100.000 habitantes en la semana previa).N

La revisión por pares (peer review) desde dentro: cómo revisar artículos científicos correctamente.

Incluye: PDF de la presentación y video del seminario.La revisión de artículos científicos para su publicación en revistas especializadas constituye un pilar esencial del proceso editorial, y el buen revisor desempeña un papel clave. Mediante una evaluación rigurosa, ética, crítica y constructiva, los revisores contribuyen a mejorar la calidad metodológica, la claridad expositiva y la relevancia científica de los manuscritos. Además, su labor ayuda a detectar errores, prevenir sesgos, reforzar la credibilidad de la evidencia publicada y asegurar que el conocimiento generado tenga un impacto real y útil en salud pública.N

Brotes de transmisión alimentaria. Visión desde el CNE.

Incluye: PDF de la presentación y video del seminario.En este seminario se muestra como es la vigilancia de los brotes tanto en España como en el ámbito internacional, así mismo se muestran resultados de esta vigilancia en España y en la Unión Europea y por último se presentan cuatro ejemplos de la investigación de brotes de transmisión alimentaria en los que se ha participado desde el Centro Nacional de Epidemiología.N

p19ARF Deficiency Disrupts Lung and Lipid Homeostasis Resembling the Human Alveolar Proteinosis.

The alternative reading frame (ARF) protein, encoded by the CDKN2A locus, is well-recognized for its role in tumor suppression. Emerging evidence has highlighted ARF as a critical regulator of innate immunity and inflammation, with links to increased susceptibility to cardio-metabolic diseases. This study investigates the role of ARF in lung homeostasis and reveals that its deficiency in mice affects lipid metabolism and leads to pulmonary abnormalities resembling pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). ARF-deficient mice exhibited abnormal surfactant clearance, characterized by lipid and protein accumulation in the alveoli, foamy alveolar macrophages (AMs) with enlarged and vacuolated morphology, and increased bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) turbidity. These changes were linked to disrupted surfactant homeostasis resulting from an imbalance between increased lipid uptake (via upregulation of scavenger receptors such as SR-A1 and CD36) and impaired lipid efflux, evidenced by reduced expression of the cholesterol transporter SR-BI. These mice also display reduced AMs numbers, increased eosinophil and neutrophil infiltration, consistent with secondary PAP. Additionally, a distinctive chemokine and cytokine profile (elevated Ccl12, Ccl2, Cxcl1, and IL10) was observed, which may be associated with type 2 immune responses and alternative AMs polarization. Interestingly, ARF deficiency also appears to compromise AMs maintenance through effects on self-renewal and survival. Pulmonary function tests revealed increased tissue elastance and damping, suggesting early-stage lung stiffness. Collectively, these findings highlight the essential role of ARF in lung homeostasis and lipid regulation, providing insights into its potential involvement in PAP pathogenesis.SíWe are grateful to Instituto de Salud Carlos III for financial support to S.H. (PI14.0055, PI17CIII/00012, PI20CIII/00018), A.L. (TPY-M-1068/13, IERPY 1149/16 and IERPY-M 389/18) and L.M-P (COOPERA Project, COOP24CIII/00009). L. Jiménez-Garcia was supported by FIS Page 24 of 68 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ajrcmb/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ajrcmb/aanag003/8465564 by INSTITUTO DE SALUD CARLOS III user on 31 March 2026 (FI12/00340) and A. Pérez-Montero was supported by Comunidad de Madrid (PEJ-2020-AI/BMD17651)

Investigations of foodborne outbreaks in Denmark an introduction to the work at Statens Serum Institut and examples of recent outbreak investigations.

Incluye: PDF de la presentación y video del seminario.The presentation gives a brief introduction into the work at the national institute of public health in Denmark, Statens Serum Institut (SSI). Focusing on the work related to controlling food borne outbreaks in Denmark and giving a few examples of recent outbreak investigations.N