Care Poverty and Unmet Needs: Inequalities in Theory and Practice

This chapter places the theory of care poverty in the context of other theories of care and provides an overview of the conflicts inherent in these theories, including the idea of ‘social citizenship’ – the right to access resources to meet needs, in this case care needs. Ideas about care poverty are used to offer a theoretical way of synthesising previous conflicting theories of care, testing this against kinship versus formal care provision. The chapter concludes that the concept of care poverty enables us to talk about the need for care as a social right, to reframe our thinking away from vulnerabilities and needs and towards a more emancipatory approach to care provision. As well as ontological power, the concept also has political power. The care poverty theory needs to be empirically tested and there is work to be done in comparative social policy to examine the ideas, institutions and actors that exacerbate and alleviate care poverty

Anchoring Museum Objects in the Cold War: The Hidden Meanings of a Transatlantic Telephone Cable

This chapter uses a piece of the first transatlantic telephone cable in the collection of National Museums Scotland to interrogate the ways in which museum objects attain significance as Cold War objects. It highlights the ways in which multiple meanings – and layers of meanings – adhere to objects at the same time. Objects not only connect these meanings, but they also exhibit elements of dissonance, noise and silence. Hence, this chapter explores the potential of the concept of anchoring, developed in the context of the history of science and technology by Christian Götter, for a Cold War museology. It offers a number of conclusions about the meaning of Cold War objects in museum collections, their collection, interpretation and display. By bringing history and museology into conversation with one another, this chapter also highlights the ways in which historians can learn through engaging with museum collections and how, in turn, museum and heritage professionals might benefit from interacting with historical scholarship

Chemistry Education for Climate Empowerment and Action

Urgent action is needed across the world to combat climate change and its impact on the social, economic, and environmental well-being of humans and the planet. This important topic is one that is a priority for integration into chemistry classrooms, laboratories, and outreach efforts. It connects strongly to foundational chemistry concepts and highlights the critical role chemistry will play in finding solutions to the many challenges faced in reducing greenhouse gases due to human activity. This Special Issue presents a broad collection of efforts by chemistry educators across the globe to create innovative ways to motivate and inspire students and preservice teachers with the relevant chemistry knowledge, climate literacy, and scientific responsibility needed for climate action. A range of interactive tools, active-learning methodologies, and interdisciplinary approaches provide a wealth of resources for a broad range of teaching environments and ideas for instructors seeking to incorporate climate education and instill advocacy into chemistry programs

Novel Perspectives on Status in Global Politics

This thematic issue advances debates on status in international relations (IR) by integrating novel empirical research with innovative theoretical perspectives. It moves beyond traditional power‐centric views, highlighting the social and relational dimensions of status‐seeking as a diplomatic and foreign policy practice. The contributions explore, for instance, how states pursue status through cooperation, adherence to international norms, and strategic identity management. By examining diverse cases, including non‐traditional status‐seekers, this collection of contributions underscores the multifaceted nature of status‐seeking, involving both material and ideational factors, and enriches the literature on status in IR, offering new insights into the complex dynamics of international hierarchy and state behaviour. In this editorial, we highlight the main findings and give an outlook on the overarching contribution to IR research

Challenges to multi-agency and multi-stakeholder collaboration in innovation and enterprise policy

In recent times, collaborative governance networks that encourage wider stakeholder policy engagement have gained traction. To support this shift, significant investment in several policies, such as City Region Deals, have been introduced to ensure regional development is steered by local policy actors. However, regardless of the benefits of such decentralised policymaking, several tensions in multi-agency and multi-stakeholder collaboration exist in innovation and enterprise policy. The ability of policy networks to manage coordinating tensions influences their capacity to generate effective delivery. These tensions include munificence versus coherence; input efficiency versus output efficacy; collaboration versus competition; specialist versus inclusive participation; and top-down versus bottom-up input. This chapter illustrates these tensions through the City Regional Deals in Scotland and seeks to advance a governance framework for overcoming these challenges, which can ultimately lead to effective regional collaboration amongst all network actors involved

Marine aquaculture sites have huge potential as data providers for climate change assessments

In-situ data is essential in understanding climate change in coastal and marine environments, especially in nearshore locations that are challenging for models to simulate and are often lacking in downscaled climate projections. Environmental parameters such as sea temperature and oxygen are often recorded at fish farms, and this information could be useful for observing coastal changes and climate change assessment. For aquaculture, Norway's BarentsWatch portal is one of the most advanced open-data platforms in the sector. The aim of this study was to inspect the weekly sea temperature data collected from salmon lice monitoring within the Fish Health dataset in BarentsWatch and consider if the recorded temperatures could have value for monitoring climate change due to the spatial and temporal coverage of the farm data. Initial inspection of the dataset found many inconsistencies and suspected errors. In total there were 667 sites where suspected errors were removed. Suspected errors amounted to 7797 data points. Following data cleaning there were 1129 sites and 303,792 data points in total, covering much of the Norwegian coastline. The positions offered good insight into the range of conditions, with data from sheltered inner fjords as well as more exposed locations. Analysis of the BarentsWatch temperatures revealed some sites in southern and western Norway that have already experienced temperatures above 20 °C, challenging conditions for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) aquaculture. The results showed differences between sites within the same production regions due to site-specific characteristics, illustrating the need for more local-scale data that represents the actual conditions the fish experience, rather than a reliance on regional averages. Although the BarentsWatch platform provided some insight into the temperatures experienced at Norwegian salmon farms, the lack of standardised reporting and uncertainties about data collection and aggregated values meant that detailed analysis was not possible at present. The BarentsWatch analysis was complemented by data from two farms that further demonstrated the need for better guidance and standardised data collection and reporting. Standardised data collection and reporting would ensure that data from different farms is directly comparable. When considered in context with other conditions and fish health parameters, more standardised and robust monitoring of water temperatures at farms would aid the identification of potential challenging conditions and allow for more targeted adaptation responses. Improved data collection and reporting in the present day would have huge value in the future by facilitating the creation of long-term datasets spanning multiple decades at hundreds of locations along the Norwegian coastline, offering exceptional insight into coastal climate change

Regenerative Approaches and Environmental Law: Beyond Sustainability?

Introduction: In this chapter, we explore the implications of regenerative approaches for environmental law – approaches that, in essence, involve the regeneration and restoration of nature. First, we analyze the relationship between regenerative and sustainability approaches. Second, we consider current instantiations of regenerative approaches in environmental law, focusing on the European Union (EU) Soil Health Law and the EU Nature Restoration Law. Third, we examine the regulation of corporate regenerative claims. Finally, we consider whether a new regenerative principle of environmental law may be emerging. We argue there might be advantages to such a principle, but that there are also barriers to consider

Fostering Health Behaviour Change in Overweight Male Football Fans Through the European Fans in Training (EuroFIT) Program: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective

The European Fans in Training (EuroFIT) program integrated need-supportive motivational strategies from Self-Determination Theory (SDT) in the design of a healthy lifestyle program delivered to overweight or obese male football fans (n = 1113; mean age of 45.9 [SD = 9.0] years old and BMI of 33.2 kg/m2 [SD = 4.6]) in professional football club settings in the UK, Portugal, Norway and the Netherlands. With a critical realist approach, we developed a structured thematic framework analysis based on Self-Determination Theory (SDT) to investigate the process of change in men who participated in the EuroFIT randomized controlled trial (RCT). We examined whether men’s experiences of the social context of EuroFIT, and whether their engagement with the program’s motivational strategies supported or frustrated their basic psychological needs while attempting to change their lifestyle behaviours. We found that men in all countries perceived the social contexts of the EuroFIT program as mostly needs-supportive, and that they found engagement with most of the program components helpful in supporting their psychological needs when initiating health behaviour changes. However, some of the program elements in the EuroFIT program were perceived as needs-frustrating by some participants and need-supportive by others. Implications for the use of need-supportive motivational strategies in designing future lifestyle interventions in sport settings to promote health behaviour change among male football fans are discussed

Zoledronic-acid plus neoadjuvant therapy is associated with provoking outcomes in Her2-positive breast cancer

First paragraph: Dear Editor, We recently came across Mei Liu et al meta-analysis, a comprehensive study published in 2023, and wish to discuss a few aspects