Retrospective analysis of preventable procedural adverse events (ICD-10 Y62–Y69) in the TriNetX network: a multiregional study before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic

Background: Healthcare-related procedural misadventures remain underreported despite decades of investment in patient safety. International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes Y62-Y69 capture defined preventable adverse events during medical and surgical care. This study aimed to examine temporal patterns in Y62-Y69-coded events using aggregated, precomputed data from the TriNetX Global Collaborative Network. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study using deidentified electronic health records from the TriNetX platform, encompassing over 135 million patients aged 0-89 (years: 2016-2024). Incidence rates for Y62-Y69-coded events were analysed globally and across four regional networks, USA, Europe-Middle East-Africa (EMEA), Asia-Pacific (APAC) and Latin America (LATAM), with additional sensitivity analyses in cardiovascular (ICD-10: I00-I99) and oncological (ICD-10: C00-D49) cohorts. Temporal trends were explored descriptively using polynomial regression (for visual pattern illustration) and the Mann-Kendall trend test. Findings: Globally, Y62-Y69 incidence rates increased from 0.04 to 0.09 per 100 000 patients between 2016 and 2024 (125% increase), with inflection in the early postpandemic phase. EMEA exhibited the steepest rise (414%), followed by APAC (225%). The USA showed a non-linear pattern detectable only through polynomial modelling. LATAM and APAC trends lacked statistical significance, likely due to high year-to-year variability. Sensitivity analyses in the disease-specific cohorts reflected similar patterns, reinforcing the consistency of findings. Interpretation: This is the first global, real-world analysis of ICD-10 Y62-Y69-coded adverse events. The findings reveal a notable postpandemic escalation in procedural harm, underscoring the fragility of safety systems under operational stress. Regional heterogeneity and non-linear trajectories highlight the importance of locally tailored interventions and the need to reinvigorate global patient safety efforts. Data availability statement: All data were extracted from the TriNetX Global Collaborative Network. Aggregated incidence rates and the R code used for statistical analysis are provided in online supplemental file 2

Fluid Workers and Fluid Work Arrangements in the Age of Digital Technologies

The symposium examines the rise of the “fluid workforce,” which includes gig/app/platform workers, freelancers/independent contractors, paid-crowdsourced workers, moonlighters, or hybrid/remote workers whose roles transcend traditional employment boundaries. Driven by digital technologies and accelerated by the Covid-19 pandemic, fluid work offers increased flexibility and autonomy but also raises critical concerns around job security, social protections, and workplace equity. Despite significant media attention, academic research on the implications of fluid work remains relatively scarce. This symposium, linked to a relevant Personnel Review special issue sponsored by the ILO, seeks to bridge this gap by exploring the organizational, managerial, and well-being dimensions of fluid work arrangements. The five presentations featured in the symposium span diverse worker groups, contexts, and research methodologies, offering valuable insights for future research, and for building equitable and sustainable workforce ecosystems

Polyphenylene oxide based lossy mode resonance fiber sensor for the detection of volatile organic and inorganic compounds

This study presents the fabrication and characterization of a fiber optic gas sensor based on Lossy Mode Resonances (LMR). For the first time to our knowledge, a nanosized coating of polyphenylene oxide (PPO) is deposited on a cladding removed multimode silica fiber, serving both as the LMR supporting coating and sensitive overlay. The device exhibits a notable sensitivity of 2500 nm/RIU when immersed in glycerol-water based solutions. For gas detection, the PPO-based LMR device is exposed to varying concentrations of different volatile organic and inorganic compounds, including two alcohols (methanol and ethanol) and ammonia. The sensor demonstrates similar responses to methanol and ethanol gases with a sensitivity of about 0.56 nm/ppm and sensitivity of 0.25 nm/ppm to ammonia in the concentration range of 2.5–37.5 ppm, achieving limits of detection of a few ppm. To comprehensively evaluate the sensor performance, the investigation is also focused on the repeatability, reversibility, response times, as well as cross sensitivity to temperature and relative humidity

Balancing sustainability and circular justice: The challenge of the energy transition

The shift to renewable energy is no longer an option but a critical need for addressing climate change. Nevertheless, it frequently culminates in exacerbating existing socioeconomic disparities, disproportionately affecting already vulnerable communities. This study examines the intersection of the circular economy (CE), the energy transition, and justice concerns through a literature review of 169 publications. By employing a comprehensive approach to analyse the environmental and social implications of renewable energy generation, distribution, and waste treatment, it advocates for circular justice as a framework to mitigate the disparities that arise from such a shift. The findings emphasise the necessity of an inclusive strategy that incorporates distributive, procedural, and recognitional justice into circular energy practices. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of developing evaluation tools that balance sustainability with social equity, thereby promoting a decarbonised future that is equitable for all, globally inclusive, and resilient. Policymakers and industry leaders should advocate for social frameworks that guarantee equitable participation and outcomes, moving beyond an exclusive focus on resource efficiency. Looking ahead, future research should concentrate on advancing technologies that support sustainable, inclusive energy transitions on a global scale. Aligning technological innovation with justice is essential to ensure that the transition to a carbon-free future benefits all, particularly those who have been historically marginalised