La marxa nòrdica com a exercici físic que caldria prescriure a

El limfoedema és una complicació freqüent del tractament del càncer de mama. Està demostrat que l’exercici físic millora sensiblement la qualitat de vida d’aquestes pacients; tanmateix, l’adhesió als programes d’exercici físic és escassa. Cal un model sociosanitari assistencial que abordi aquest problema. Per la seva versatilitat, la marxa nòrdica es perfila com una activitat física ideal per ser utilitzada en aquest context

Análisis de la variabilidad en el manejo del dolor en la lumbalgia aguda

El dolor lumbar es una de las patologías más prevalentes y recidivantes, el 90% de la población padecerá lumbalgia alguna vez en su vida, sin diagnóstico etiológico en más del 80% de los casos, lo que se conoce como inespecífica. El abordaje de esta patología se basa en descartar patología grave subyacente y aliviar los síntomas, siendo el dolor un motivo frecuente de consulta a los servicios de urgencias hospitalarios. El objetivo de este estudio consiste en evaluar la adecuación y la variabilidad del tratamiento de la lumbalgia, así como las distintas formas de abordaje en el servicio de Urgencias del HURH (Hospital Universitario Río Hortega).Se trata de un estudio: descriptivo analítico transversal retrospectivo en pacientes atendidos por lumbalgia en el Hospital Universitario Río Hortega durante el 2015. La muestra estudiada se ha tomado de las consultas atendidas en los 2 primeros meses del año y las reconsultas de esos pacientes a lo largo del año, acorde al tamaño muestral. El estudio se realizó sobre 261 pacientes y sus reconsultas lo que incluye 317 episodios, el 64% con nivel de triaje 4 y una media de edad cercana a 50 años, en el que se evidenció que el 54 % de la muestra estudiada padece lumbalgias de repetición, siendo el 68% de los casos episodios agudos. No se utilizan escalas rápidas validadas como la EVA/EVN para evaluar el dolor ni la respuesta al tratamiento. La exploración abdominal y neurológica consta en menos del 50% de los episodios y en más del 50 % de las consultas se ha realizado radiografía lumbar a pesar de su escasa validez diagnóstica, no mejorar el pronóstico ni modificar el tratamiento. Las vías de administración preferidas en urgencias son la intravenosa y la intramuscular, la intramuscular se usa mayormente para AINEs a pesar de estudios que igualan su eficacia a la vía oral. Se prescribe un alto porcentaje de AINEs frente a un bajo porcentaje de Paracetamol contrario a las guías. Los opioides débiles se prescriben al alta en un 25% de los casos y el mismo porcentaje de opioides fuertes se administra en urgencias. Como conclusión final, el dolor lumbar es un problema recurrente que motiva un numerosas consultas al servicio de urgencias en las que es importante una adecuada detección y monitorización del dolor mediante la utilización de escalas EVA/EVN para abordarlo con la terapéutica disponible y que son necesarios más estudios que evalúen la efectividad y eficiencia de los distintos grupos de fármacos en esta patología.Grado en Medicin

El Nordic Walking como ejercicio físico a prescribir en pacientes

El linfedema es una complicación frecuente del tratamiento para el cáncer de mama. Está demostrado que el ejercicio físico mejora sensiblemente la calidad de vida de estas pacientes, sin embargo la adhesión a los programas de ejercicio es escasa. Es necesario un modelo asistencial sociosanitario que aborde este problema. Gracias a su versatilidad, el Nordic Walking se perfila como una actividad física ideal para ser utilizada en este contexto

Validation of a qualitative method of Listeria monocytogenes detection in a food matrix according to ISO 17025 and ISO 11290-1

Motivation: Listeria monocytogenes is a bacterium that is mainly transmitted through contaminated water and food. It can cause listeriosis in susceptible populations such as pregnant women, neonates, the elderly and immunosuppressed individuals.In recent years, there has been an increase in the incidence of this disease, so, to safeguard public health, it is very important to have a fast and secure method of detection and identification of L. monocytogenes in contaminated products [1].Therefore, the main objective of this study is to perform a secondary validation of a qualitative method of L. monocytogenes detection on five food matrices.Methods: As a general rule for the cultures preparation, it will be used the European and International Standard method for detection and enumeration of Listeria monocytogenes (EN ISO 11290-1) [2], with the use of a chromogenic agar, the "Agar Listeria according to Ottaviani and Agosti" (ALOA) [3]. In addition, it will be used the UNE-EN ISO 17025 Standard.A commercial strain of L. monocytogenes will be used.In order to determine the detection limit of the validation method, some chicken samples will be inoculated with L. monocytogenes at different concentrations.Having calculated this parameter, it will be chosen the concentration to inoculate the samples of each matrix. In addition, it will be done negative controls with Staphylococcus aureus contaminated samples.The artificially contaminated samples will be cultured in ALOA medium and incubated at 37 °C for 24 hours.The L. monocytogenes growth in each plate, will be ratified with confirmatory tests.Finally, it will be calculated the next parameters: sensitivity, specificity, false negatives, false positives and efficiency.Results: The parameters calculated were: detection limit of <10 ufc/25 g, 94% sensitivity, 98% specificity, 2% false positives, 5,7% false negative and 96% efficiency.Conclusions: It is concluded that the analytical technique has been applied properly in the laboratory, obtaining high efficiency values. Therefore, this method of L. monocytogenes detection would successfully validated for its use in this laboratory

Role of plant-associated bacteria in the remediation of contaminated soils

The global objective of this doctoral thesis consisted in the study and optimisation of the plant-soil-microorganism system within phytoremediation strategies for soils contaminated with organic and inorganic compounds. Phytoremediation can be defined as a group of techniques based on the use of plants and their associated microorganisms for the clean-up of contaminated soils. In recent years, studies aimed at optimising the efficiency of these techniques have been increasingly more focused on the importance of the role of plant-associated bacteria in these processes. It is well known that bacteria are commonly associated with plants, either surface-dwelling (epiphytic bacteria) or in the plant interior (endophytic bacteria). Exploiting these plant-bacterial associations in the field of phytoremediation has been centred in two areas. On one hand, these approaches use bacterial strains which are capable of influencing the general status of the plant, enhancing their establishment and growth in the contaminated soils. This type of bacteria are denominated as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and influence plant growth via various mechanisms, such as through an increase in nutrient availability (e.g. nitrogen, iron or phosphorus), or through the synthesis of phytohormones (e.g. indoleacetic acid, IAA). On the other hand, bacterial strains can be employed which act directly on the contaminant in question, for example, strains capable of degrading contaminants (in the case of organic pollutants), or those which can modify the bioavailability of contaminants (e.g. through the production of biosurfactants), thus affecting contaminant fate and/or absorption by the plant

Bilirubin oxidase from myrothecium verrucaria physically absorbed on graphite electrodes. Insights into the alternative resting from and the sources of activity loss

The oxygen reduction reaction is one of the most important chemical processes in energy converting systems and living organisms. Mediator-less, direct electro-catalytic reduction of oxygen to water was achieved on spectrographite electrodes modified by physical adsorption of bilirubin oxidases from Myrothecium verrucaria. The existence of an alternative resting form of the enzyme is validated. The effect on the catalytic cycle of temperature, pH and the presence of halogens in the buffer was investigated. Previous results on the electrochemistry of bilirubin oxidase and on the impact of the presence of halogens are reviewed and reinterpreted

Master of Science

thesisOne of the major concerns of energy production is the environmental impact associated with the extraction of natural resources. Nuclear energy fuel is obtained from uranium, an abundant and naturally occurring element in the environment, but the currently used techniques for uranium extraction leave either a significant fingerprint (open pit mines) or a chemical residue that alters the pH of the environment (acid or alkali leaching). It is therefore clear that a new and greener approach to uranium extraction is needed. Bioleaching is one potential alternative. In bioleaching, complexants naturally produced from fungi or bacteria may be used to extract the uranium. In the following research, the siderophore enterobactin, which is naturally produced by bacteria to extract and solubilize iron from the environment, is evaluated to determine its potential for complexing with uranium. To determine whether enterobactin could be used for uranium extraction, its acid dissociation and its binding strength with the metal of interest must be determined. Due to the complexity of working with radioactive materials, lanthanides were used as analogs for uranium. In addition, polyprotic acids were used as structural and chemical analogs for the siderophore during method development. To evaluate the acid dissociation of enterobactin and the subsequent binding constants with lanthanides, three different analytical techniques were studied including: potentiometric titration, UltraViolet Visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry and Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC). After evaluation of three techniques, a combination of ITC and potentiometric titrations was deemed to be the most viable way for studying the siderophore of interest. The results obtained from these studies corroborate the ideal pH range for enterobactin complexation to the lanthanide of interest and pave the way for determining the strength of complexation relative to other naturally occurring metals. Ultimately, this fundamental research enhances our current understanding of heavy metal complexation to naturally occurring complexants, which may enhance the metals mobility in the environment or potentially be used as a greener alternative in uranium extraction or remediation

Information systems models in higher education

This paper intends to contribute to a better understanding of the process through which information resource, information technology, and organisation actors can contribute to the performance and quality of higher education institutions. Conceptual models will be presented and discussed

Calidad del cuidado institucional en niños de 0 a 3 años de edad en situación de abandono

El abandono infantil en Colombia y las alternativas de cuidado no familiar por parte del Estado se han convertido en una problemática social relevante que ameritan ser estudiadas con el objeto de comprender su complejidad basada en la evidencia. El presente estudio exploratorio-descriptivo utilizando un diseño de estudio de casos, buscó caracterizar la calidad de cuidado de 6 cuidadoras institucionales que tuvieron a cargo niños de cero a tres años de edad en situación de abandono. Por medio de las Escalas Cualitativas del Comportamiento Materno (Alzate, Carbonell, Posada y Bustamante,1999), se identificaron tres cuidadoras que ofrecían cuidado sensible caracterizado por una respuesta pronta, efectiva, consistente, equilibrando las demandas competitivas al cuidado, así como la atención a las necesidades físicas y a las afectivas/sociales de los niños, con fluidez interactiva y disfrute mutuo, frecuencia y calidad del contacto físico, e igualmente, frecuencia y diversos usos en las interacciones comunicativas verbales. Por el contrario, tres se caracterizaban por ofrecer un cuidado deficiente en los indicadores comportamentales anteriores. Esta investigación pretende resaltar la importancia de generar estudios con muestras representativas y metodologías mixtas sobre el tema del cuidado institucional en el país, indagando sobre factores asociados tales como personalidad y compromiso de las cuidadoras, criterios de selección, ambientes y creencias institucionales, entre otros, que permitan cualificar el cuidado infantil institucional y restitución de los derechos vulnerados a los niños.Child abandoned in Colombia and alternatives for family care by state have become a significant social problem that deserve to be examined in order to understand its complexity base on the evidence. This exploratory-descriptive study was designed using a case study seeking, to characterize the quality of 6 institutional carers who had children aged 0 to 3 years old who have been abandoned. Through Qualitative Maternal Behavior Scales (Alzate, Carbonell, Posada y Bustamante, 1999), three caregivers offering sensitive care characterized by a prompt, effective and consistent response were identified, balancing competing demands in the care, as well as attention the emotional / social and physical needs of children, with interactive fluency and mutual enjoyment, frequency and quality of physical contact, and likewise, frequency and different applications in verbal communicative interactions. On the contrary, three of them were characterized by providing a inadequate care in previous behavioral indicators. This research aims to highlight the importance of making studies with representative samples and mixed methodologies on the subject of institutional care in the country, inquiring about associated factors such as personality and commitment to carers, selections criteria, institutional carers environments and beliefs, among others, quality enabling institutional child care and restoration of violated rights of children.Psicólogo (a)Pregrad