94 research outputs found

    Úlcera venosa : a qualidade de vida e a decisĂŁo terapĂȘutica

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    INTRODUÇÃO E OBJETIVOS: Ser portador de uma ferida crĂłnica como a Ășlcera venosa, acarreta alteraçÔes no quotidiano, transformando de forma determinante a vida do indivĂ­duo. O desafio dos cuidados de saĂșde consiste em fornecer a estes indivĂ­duos cuidados globais e integrados, onde a qualidade de vida seja o principal outcome. Assim, torna-se fundamental que os enfermeiros conheçam as alteraçÔes que estas pessoas experienciam para que os cuidados sejam individualizados. Os objetivos deste estudo sĂŁo: avaliar a qualidade de vida da pessoa com Ășlcera venosa, analisar a influĂȘncia das caracterĂ­sticas da ferida e do tipo de tratamento na qualidade de vida, identificar os critĂ©rios da decisĂŁo terapĂȘutica e os obstĂĄculos Ă  decisĂŁo terapĂȘutica. METODOLOGIA: Amostra nĂŁo probabilĂ­stica acidental de 31 pessoas com Ășlcera venosa a serem cuidadas nos centros de saĂșde da Unidade Local de SaĂșde do Baixo Alentejo, EPE, Beja. Incluiu tambĂ©m 95 enfermeiros que prestavam cuidados nos mesmos locais. Para a colheita de dados utilizou-se o Esquema Cardiff de Impacto da Ferida e um formulĂĄrio para registo das caracterĂ­sticas da ferida. Para os enfermeiros foi utilizado um formulĂĄrio para identificarem os critĂ©rios da sua decisĂŁo terapĂȘutica. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se uma redução da qualidade de vida no domĂ­nio do bem-estar. A qualidade de vida Ă© afetada pela quantidade de exsudado e pela dor, sendo que a dor aumenta em função do aumento da ĂĄrea da Ășlcera. Os enfermeiros utilizam mĂșltiplos critĂ©rios na sua decisĂŁo terapĂȘutica e 28,4% consideram que a sua prĂĄtica nĂŁo estĂĄ de acordo com as evidĂȘncias cientĂ­ficas. CONCLUSÃO: A Ășlcera venosa altera a qualidade de vida das pessoas. Verificaram-se diferenças na quantidade de critĂ©rios utilizados na decisĂŁo terapĂȘutica, o que apela para a necessidade de uma prĂĄtica mais uniformizada, no entanto sempre adaptada ao doente. Continuam a existir dificuldades na aplicação de intervençÔes de enfermagem baseadas em evidĂȘncia.INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Having a chronic wound such as venous ulcer, results in changes in everyday life, turning a decisive role in the individual's life. The challenge of health care is to provide to these individuals a global and integrated care, where quality of life is the primary outcome. Thus, it becomes essential that nurses are aware of changes that these people experience, to provide individualized care. The objectives of this study are: assess the quality of life of people with venous ulcers, analyze the influence of wound characteristics and type of treatment on quality of life, identify the criteria for treatment decisions and obstacles to therapeutic decision. METHODOLOGY: Non-probabilistic accidental sample of 31 people with venous ulcer being cared in the health centers of the Unidade Local de SaĂșde do Baixo Alentejo, EPE, Beja. There were also included 95 nurses who provide care at the same locations. For data collection, it was used the Cardiff Wound Impact Scheme and a form to register the characteristics of the wound. For nurses also used a form was used to identify the criteria for their treatment decision. RESULTS: There was a reduction in the quality of life in the domain of wellness. The quality of life is affected by the amount of exudate and pain, and pain increases with the increase in ulcer area. Nurses use multiple criteria in their therapeutic decision and 28,4% consider that their practice does not comply with scientific evidence. CONCLUSION: Venous ulcers change people’s quality of life. There were differences in the number of criteria used in therapeutic decision, which calls for the need of a more standardized practice, however always adapted to the patient. There are still difficulties in implementing nursing interventions based on evidence

    Stakeholders’ perceptions of new digital energy management platform in municipality of LoulĂ©, Southern Portugal: a SWOT-AHP analysis

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    This study aimed to develop a multi-stakeholder analysis to identify the best strategies for the integration of a new Digital Energy Management Platform (DEMP). The municipality of LoulĂ© (South of Portugal) was used as a case study. A Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) framework combined with an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) framework and a TOWS Matrix was employed to analyse the stakeholder’s perceptions to propose strategies for integrating the DEMP. Five focus stakeholder groups were involved. Results showed that stakeholders considered that the positive aspects of DEMP outweigh the negative aspects by approximately 36%. Strengths were ranked with 34.4%, Opportunities with 33.8%, Weaknesses with 20.2%, and Threats with 11.6%. The sequence of factors with the highest overall score by stakeholders was O1(12.7%) > S2(11.1%) > W2(7.4%) > T3(4.1%). Based on stakeholder perceptions, the most suitable strategies were those that use Strengths and Opportunities of the system (SO strategies), and strategies that take advantage of Opportunities while dealing with Weaknesses (WO strategies), achieving a prevalence compared with the other strategies of 34% and 27%, respectively. Therefore, the participation process involving stakeholders’ groups in the implementation and monitoring of the DEMP provided an action plan and consensus capable of meeting the environmental and municipal energy management challenges.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    The usefulness of calcium/magnesium ratio in the risk stratification of early onset of renal replacement therapy

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    A growing number of studies have reported a close relationship between high serum calcium (Ca)/low serum magnesium (Mg) and vascular calcification. Endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation seem plausible risk factors for the enhanced progression of kidney disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the Ca/Mg ratio as a predictor of the early onset of renal replacement therapy (RRT). Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in an outpatient low-clearance nephrology clinic, enrolling 693 patients with stages 4–5 of CKD. Patients were divided into two groups according to the start of renal replacement therapy (RRT). Results: The kidney’s survival at 120 months was 60% for a Ca–Mg ratio < 6 and 40% for a Ca–Mg ratio ≄ 6 (p = 0.000). Patients who started RRT had lower levels of Hb, Ca, Mg, albumin, and cholesterol and higher values of phosphorus, the Ca/Mg ratio, and PTH. High values of phosphorus and the Ca/Mg ratio and low levels of Mg and GFR were independent predictors of entry into RRT. A high Ca/Mg ratio, high phosphorus levels, and low levels of GFR were associated with a cumulative risk for initiation of RRT. Conclusions: In our population, the Ca/Mg ratio is an independent predictive factor for the initiation of a depurative technique.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    A qualidade de vida na pessoa com Ășlcera venosa

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    Having a chronic wound such as venous ulcer, results in changes in everyday life, turning a decisive role in the individual’s life. The challenge of health care is to provide to these individuals a global and integrated care, where quality of life is the primary outcome. The objectives of this study are: assess the quality of life of people with venous ulcers and analyze the influence of wound characteristics. A non-probabilistic accidental sample of 31 people with venous ulcer being cared in the health centers of a Unidade Local de SaĂșde. For data collection, it was used the Cardiff Wound Impact Scheme and a form to register the characteristics of the wound. There was a reduction in the quality of life in the domain of wellness. The quality of life is affected by the amount of exudate and pain, and pain increases with the increase in ulcer area. Venous ulcers change the quality of life, affecting all aspects of the Cardiff Wound Impact Scheme. The characteristics of the wound, namely the amount of exudate, pain and area adversely affect the quality of life.Ser portador de uma ferida crĂłnica, como a Ășlcera venosa, acarreta alteraçÔes no quotidiano, transformando de forma determinante a vida do indivĂ­duo. O desafio dos cuidados de saĂșde consiste em fornecer a estes indivĂ­duos cuidados globais e integrados, onde a qualidade de vida seja o principal outcome. Os objetivos deste estudo sĂŁo: avaliar a qualidade de vida da pessoa com Ășlcera venosa e analisar a influĂȘncia das caracterĂ­sticas da ferida e do tipo de tratamento na qualidade de vida. Foi constituĂ­da uma amostra nĂŁo probabilĂ­stica acidental de 31 pessoas com Ășlcera venosa a serem cuidadas nos centros de saĂșde de uma Unidade Local de SaĂșde. Para a colheita de dados utilizou-se o Esquema Cardiff de Impacto da Ferida e um formulĂĄrio para registo das caracterĂ­sticas da ferida. Verificou-se uma redução da qualidade de vida no domĂ­nio do bem-estar. A qualidade de vida Ă© afetada pela quantidade de exsudado e pela dor, sendo que a dor aumenta em função do aumento da ĂĄrea da Ășlcera. A Ășlcera venosa altera a qualidade de vida das pessoas, afetando todas as dimensĂ”es do Esquema de Cardiff e Impacto da Ferida. As caracterĂ­sticas da ferida, nomeadamente a quantidade de exsudado, a dor e a ĂĄrea afetam negativamente a qualidade de vida destas pessoas

    Optical confinement and colour separation in a double colour laser scanned photodiode (D/CLSP)

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    Large area n-i-p-n-i-p a-SiC:H heterostructures are used as sensing element in a double colour laser scanned photodiode image sensor (D/CLSP). This work aims to clarify possible improvements, physical limits and performance of CLSP image sensor when used as non-pixel image reader. Here, the image capture device and the scanning reader are optimized and the effects of the sensor structure on the output characteristics discussed. The role of the design of the sensing element, the doped layer composition and thickness, the read-out parameters (applied voltage and scanner frequency) on the image acquisition and the colour detection process are analysed. A physical model is presented and supported by a numerical simulation of the output characteristics of the sensor

    Synthesis and characterization of new methacrylate based hydrogels

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    HidrogĂ©is tĂȘm sido utilizados para diversas aplicaçÔes, incluindo produção de lentes de contato, produtos sanitĂĄrios e materiais para encerramento de ferimentos. O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu no desenvolvimento de novos hidrogĂ©is a base de metacrilato. Estes materiais apresentam a vantagem de serem facilmente produzidos com diferentes composiçÔes e conseqĂŒentemente com distintas permeabilidades e padrĂ”es de difusĂŁo. Por este motivo, torna-se possĂ­vel sintetizar hidrogĂ©is que possam ser usados para imobilizar uma grande variedade de compostos, tais como fĂĄrmacos, proteĂ­nas ou mesmo cĂ©lulas e tecidos. Neste trabalho foram preparados diferentes polĂ­meros baseados em monĂŽmeros de metacrilato. A sua caracterização foi realizada atravĂ©s de diferentes tĂ©cnicas, como Espectroscopia no Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier (FTIR), avaliação da capacidade de intumescimento, Calorimetria Diferencial de Varredura (DSC) e avaliação das propriedades mecĂąnicas. A sua toxicidade subaguda subcutĂąnea foi tambĂ©m determinada utilizando ratos Wistar.Hydrogels have been used for several applications, including production of contact lenses, sanitary products and materials for wound dressing. The aim of this work was the development of new methacrylate based hydrogels. These materials present the advantage of being easily produced with different compositions and consequently different permeability and diffusion patterns. Therefore it becomes possible to synthesize hydrogels that can be used to immobilize a variety of compounds, such as drugs, proteins or even cells. During this work new polymers based on methacrylate monomers were prepared. Their characterization was accomplished by several techniques, e.g. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), swelling measurement, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and evaluation of mechanical properties. Their subacute subcutaneous toxicity was also evaluated by using Wistar rats

    Entre os problemas pĂșblicos e a agenda polĂ­tica: o papel dos opinion makers em torno do novo modelo de avaliação de desempenho docente (2007-2009)

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    Dissertação de Mestrado em Administração PĂșblicaNeste trabalho procurĂĄmos conhecer a forma como o novo modelo de avaliação foi analisado no espaço pĂșblico durante o primeiro ciclo da sua implementação (2007-2009). EfectuĂĄmos previamente uma revisĂŁo da literatura sobre o espaço pĂșblico, o papel dos meios de comunicação na formação da opiniĂŁo pĂșblica e nos processos de construção das polĂ­ticas pĂșblicas. ConsiderĂĄmos como objecto de estudo o discurso levado a cabo por um grupo de fazedores de opiniĂŁo, designados de um modo geral por opinion makers e propusemo-nos: (a) analisar os discursos que foram produzidos, mobilizados e se cruzaram na voz daqueles agentes em torno do novo modelo de avaliação; (b) perceber atĂ© que ponto os posicionamentos adoptados traduziram os campos de filiação institucional e profissional e os respectivos interesses. ExaminĂĄmos o que foi dito, quem disse, porque disse, como disse e quando disse. Recorrendo a uma metodologia qualitativa analisĂĄmos o discurso publicado em dois jornais de referĂȘncia, PĂșblico e Expresso. TomĂĄmos a unidade de informação para recorte do discurso, a qual foi classificada quanto ao tema enquadrador, categoria de conteĂșdo, data, autor e tonalidade/intensidade. UtilizĂĄmos Ă­ndices de visibilidade, parcialidade, orientação e tendĂȘncia. Fizemos um estudo do discurso por grupo profissional. EncontrĂĄmos uma opiniĂŁo predominantemente negativa. A estratĂ©gia foi revelada num discurso com um sentido claramente social e polĂ­tico, como forma de relacionar as polĂ­ticas e as prĂĄticas de negociação do XVII Governo com polĂ­ticas educativas centralizadoras e formas autoritĂĄrias de governação. Ao novo modelo de avaliação foi atribuĂ­do um conjunto variado de caracterĂ­sticas negativas. Na sequĂȘncia, algumas recomendaçÔes apontaram no sentido da sua alteração, mas outras consideraram posiçÔes mais extremadas. O consenso verificou-se quanto Ă  necessidade de avaliar desempenhos, mas com base num modelo diferente.The new model of teacher performance assessment was the target of heavy criticism, which included two large demonstrations of teachers, strikes, boycotts, and other less conventional forms of expressing disagreement. The media gave this issue visibility and importance, keeping the subject on the agenda for about two years. In this essay, we tried to get to know the way the new model of teacher performance assessment was analyzed in the public sphere during its first cycle of implementation (2007-2009). We started by conducting a literature review on public sphere and the role of the media in the shaping of public opinion and in the public policy-making processes. We have considered as object of study the speech delivered by a group of opinion makers, being our purpose: (a) to find the speeches that were built, deployed and crossed in the voice of the agents around the new model of teacher performance assessment (b) to realize the extent to which the adopted positions translate the fields of institutional and professional affiliation and their interests. We looked at what was said, who said it, why he said it, how he said and when. Using a qualitative methodology we analyzed the discourse, around the new model of teacher performance assessment, published in two reference newspapers, PĂșblico and Expresso. We took the information unit to typify the speech, which was classified taking into account the framed issue, content category, date, author, and evaluative tone / intensity. We used indexes of visibility, bias orientation, and tendency. We made a study of discourse according to professional group. We found a predominantly negative opinion. The strategy was unveiled in a speech with a clear social and political intention, as a way of linking the policies and bargaining practices of this government, with centralized educational policies and authoritarian forms of governance. The new model of teacher performance assessment was assigned a various set of negative characteristics. In the aftermath, some recommendations pointed towards its changes, but others considered more extreme positions. The consensus was found regarding the need to assess performances but, on a different mode

    A mediação e a mediatização das políticas educativas: o papel da imprensa escrita na iniciativa novas oportunidades

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    Esta investigação, centrada na interação dos meios de comunicação social com as polĂ­ticas de educação e formação desenvolvidas em Portugal a partir de 2005 em torno da aprendizagem ao longo da vida, tem em vista contribuir para clarificar alguns aspetos da construção das polĂ­ticas educativas que se prendem com os processos de mediação e mediatização dessas polĂ­ticas. Considerando que num contexto de governança da educação os processos de regulação das polĂ­ticas educativas sĂŁo necessariamente afetados pelas interpretaçÔes veiculadas pelos meios de comunicação social, contribuindo desse modo para as especificidades dos sistemas educativos nacionais, o quadro teĂłrico de referĂȘncia que se construiu compreende uma abordagem ao conceito de governança da educação, num contexto de globalização e de polĂ­ticas de aprendizagem ao longo da vida que destaca os diversos nĂ­veis de regulação, bem como uma perspetiva compreensiva dos processos de mediação e de mediatização das polĂ­ticas. No plano empĂ­rico fixou-se como objetivo geral perceber qual foi o papel desempenhado pela imprensa escrita nos processos de mediação e mediatização da Iniciativa Novas Oportunidades (INO). Recorrendo Ă  anĂĄlise do discurso e Ă  anĂĄlise de conteĂșdo procurou-se identificar e compreender a complexidade de interaçÔes que se estabeleceram no processo de mediação e mediatização da INO, e conhecer e interpretar as perspetivas em jogo. Neste sentido, apresenta-se um quadro complexo que visa contribuir para aprofundar o conhecimento sobre as polĂ­ticas de aprendizagem ao longo da vida e sobre o papel dos meios de comunicação social na construção dessas polĂ­ticas. Os resultados obtidos mostram que apesar das diferenças significativas na forma como a INO foi interpretada por trĂȘs jornais, PĂșblico, Correio da ManhĂŁ e Expresso, a educação e formação de adultos esteve no centro das atençÔes. PorĂ©m, as vozes, esporadicamente de cientistas da educação ou de cientistas sociais, revelaram preocupaçÔes, ambiguidades e tensĂ”es em torno de aspetos cruciais desta polĂ­tica educativa

    Severe Relapsing Goodpasture's Disease Successfully Treated with Mycophenolate Mofetil

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    Goodpasture's disease is a rare autoimmune disorder characterised by the development of antiglomerular basement membrane autoantibodies, which typically presents with rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis and pulmonary haemorrhage. Even with aggressive nonspecific immunosuppression and plasma exchange, mortality remains high. We report a case of life-threatening Goodpasture's disease with relapsing pulmonary haemorrhage refractory to conventional therapy. Second line treatment was based on mycophenolate mofetil 1 g every 12 hours and prednisolone 60 mg/day. In this case, the use of a low-dose mycophenolate mofetil regimen turned out to be insufficient. However, in our opinion higher mycophenolate mofetil doses should be considered an alternative treatment, mainly in relapsing disease, due to its mechanism of action and current insufficient therapeutic weapons

    Giving voice to patients: experiences during acute exacerbations of COPD

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    Background: Acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) have a negative impact on patients’ health status anddisease progression, regardless of the severity. However, their clinical presentation is heterogenous and still littleunderstood. Improving our understanding of AECOPD, during their occurrence, from patients’ own livedexperience may allow the development of person-centred interventions and enhance recovery. Thus, we aimedto explore patients’ experiences during a mild to moderate AECOPD. Methods: Semi-structured interviews with patients with a mild or moderate AECOPD treated in the communitywere conducted, at their homes, within 48h of the diagnosis. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed in fulland analysed by deductive thematic analysis using the Web Qualitative Data Analysis software. A preliminaryanalysis focused on the impact of AECOPD was conducted and illustrated with representative quotes. Results: 11 patients (9 male, 67±10y, FEV1 41±16pp) participated. 7 subthemes demonstrating high impact ofAECOPD emerged: symptoms, limitations in activities of daily living, emotional challenges, physiological changes, limitations in recreational and social activities, work and family disturbances (Fig. 1). Conclusion: AECOPD, even when not requiring hospital admission, have a huge impact on patients’ daily lives.This study contributes with a foundation for the development of meaningful person-centred interventions during AECOPD.publishe
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