Hänninen, S. (Saara)

Leviäkangas, P. (Pekka)

Mladenović, M. N. (Miloš N.)

Roncoli, C. (Claudio)

European Transport Research Review

Mladenovic, Milos

Leviäkangas, Pekka

Roncoli, Claudio

Hänninen, Saara

Aaltodoc Publication Archive

Rethinking transport – towards clean and inclusive mobility (Highlights of the 2020 Transport Research Arena conference)

This topical collection includes contributions from Transport Research Arena (TRA) 2020, an international event that covers all transport modes and all aspects of mobility. The theme of the Transport Research Arena 2020 was “Rethinking transport – towards clean and inclusive mobility”. The theme itself highlights the complexity of transitioning towards sustainable mobility systems. At the centre of this transition is an urgent need to respond and adapt to the ongoing climate crisis. At the COP21 in 2015, European Union outlined the objective to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions by 40% below 1990 levels by 2030. In relation, mobility systems have a crucial role in achieving this target [1]. Beyond mitigation, we should urgently develop a range of adaptation mechanisms, as extreme weather phenomena will set new requirements for the whole system resilience, risk and disruption management, while changing energy consumption patterns. Even if these aspects of transition are complex enough in themselves to handle, our collective European values require a necessary trade-off by ensuring fairness during and from this transition, and delivering well-being and quality of life [2]. Taking into account the rich diversity of lifestyles and cultures across Europe, such transition means taking into account a multidimensional range of capabilities and needs that should be a basis for considering necessary changes in our everyday behaviour and norms

Mladenović, Miloš N.

VTT Research System

This document is downloaded from theVTT’s Research Information Portalhttps://cris.vtt.fiVTThttp://www.vtt.fiP.O. box 1000FI-02044 VTTFinlandBy using VTT’s Research Information Portal you are bound by thefollowing Terms & Conditions.I have read and I understand the following statement:This document is protected by copyright and other intellectualproperty rights, and duplication or sale of all or part of any of thisdocument is not permitted, except duplication for research use oreducational purposes in electronic or print form. You must obtainpermission for any other use. Electronic or print copies may not beoffered for sale.VTT Technical Research Centre of FinlandRethinking transport – towards clean and inclusive mobility (Highlights ofthe 2020 Transport Research Arena conference)Mladenovi, Miloš N.; Leviäkangas, Pekka; Roncoli, Claudio; Hänninen, SaaraPublished in:European Transport Research ReviewDOI:10.1186/s12544-020-00434-6Published: 01/12/2020Document VersionPeer reviewed versionLink to publicationPlease cite the original version:Mladenovi, M. N., Leviäkangas, P., Roncoli, C., & Hänninen, S. (2020). Rethinking transport – towards clean andinclusive mobility (Highlights of the 2020 Transport Research Arena conference). European Transport ResearchReview, 12(1), [45]. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-00434-6Download date: 12. Dec. 2022EDITORIAL Open AccessRethinking transport – towards clean andinclusive mobility (Highlights of the 2020Transport Research Arena conference)Miloš N. Mladenović1*, Pekka Leviäkangas2, Claudio Roncoli1 and Saara Hänninen3This topical collection includes contributions fromTransport Research Arena (TRA) 2020, an internationalevent that covers all transport modes and all aspects ofmobility. The theme of the Transport Research Arena2020 was “Rethinking transport – towards clean and in-clusive mobility”. The theme itself highlights the com-plexity of transitioning towards sustainable mobilitysystems. At the centre of this transition is an urgentneed to respond and adapt to the ongoing climate crisis.At the COP21 in 2015, European Union outlined the ob-jective to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions by 40%below 1990 levels by 2030. In relation, mobility systemshave a crucial role in achieving this target [1]. Beyondmitigation, we should urgently develop a range of adap-tation mechanisms, as extreme weather phenomena willset new requirements for the whole system resilience,risk and disruption management, while changing energyconsumption patterns. Even if these aspects of transitionare complex enough in themselves to handle, our col-lective European values require a necessary trade-off byensuring fairness during and from this transition, anddelivering well-being and quality of life [2]. Taking intoaccount the rich diversity of lifestyles and cultures acrossEurope, such transition means taking into account amultidimensional range of capabilities and needs thatshould be a basis for considering necessary changes inour everyday behaviour and norms.This topical collection consists of 25 publications. Oneset of publications focuses on the development of im-proved models and algorithms using new data sources,highlighting the importance of new sensing technologiesand their fusion, as well as opening access to existing da-tabases. Kilpi et al. develop an algorithmic framework toextract relevant information about traffic dynamics fromshort-term traffic count data [3]. Calabrò et al. developan algorithm for capacitated vehicle routing problem forinbound logistics using an ant-colony optimization ap-proach [4]. Pretto et al. develop forecasting models forairport noise scenarios based on web data [5]. Finally,Diana et al. develop a model for understanding freightloading and unloading areas in the city based on GPStraces of logistics vehicles [6].The second set of papers displays a range of aspectsrelated to developing and evaluating emerging vehicleaspects, based on ongoing trends in digitalization, auto-mation, and new energy sources that should be steeredto support the ongoing transition. He et al. and Makridiset al.1 test the effects on traffic flow stability and energyefficiency from adaptive cruise control technology [7, 8].Stevanovic & Mitrovic assess the traffic flow and safetyimpacts of alternate-directions lane assignment andreservation-based intersection control under the as-sumption of fully automated road vehicles [9]. Having inmind the development of electric powertrain for auto-mated vehicles, Torabi et al. develop energyminimization algorithm for speed profile optimization[10]. In the maritime domain, Meersman et al. assesseconomic performance of vessel train as a semi-autonomous vessel platooning concept [11], whileArjona Aroca et al.1 assess the impact on fuel consump-tion and GHG emissions from the sea traffic manage-ment concept [12]. Finally, two papers take a close lookat implications from new types of vehicles, one beinghigh capacity freight vehicles [13]1 and another microelectric vehicles [14].The third set of papers focuses on a multidimensionaluser perspective, providing the distributive analysis of© The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License,which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you giveappropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate ifchanges were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commonslicence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commonslicence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtainpermission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.1TRA2020 best paper recognition by the Scientific Panel* Correspondence: milos.mladenovic@aalto.fi1Aalto University, Espoo, FinlandFull list of author information is available at the end of the articleEuropean TransportResearch ReviewMladenović et al. European Transport Research Review           (2020) 12:45 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-00434-6impacts, as well as a range of insights from sociologicaland psychological angles. Fearnley & Aarhaug assess dis-tributional impacts from subsidising urban and sub-urban public transport [15], while Malin et al.1 evaluateprevalence and characteristics of pedestrian fatalities andserious injuries in Finland [16]. In the context of usersrelation to emerging mobility technologies, Ramos et al.1develop mobility profiles of both users and non-users ofcar sharing in several European cities [17], while bothMatyas1 and Hoerler et al.1 provide an analysis of userneeds, motivational and barrier factors for the use ofmobility-as-a-service [18, 19]. Expanding the under-standing of habit formation mechanisms, Karatsoli &Nathanail1 and Tiikkaja et al. highlight the importanceof social media [20] and travel satisfaction [21] for mo-bility activity planning. Finally, focusing more on theuser acceptance of new vehicle systems, Weber et al.studies the acceptance of attention-adaptive driver safetysystems [22].The final set of papers focuses more directly to diversedecision-making challenges that exist at various design,planning and policy levels in mobility systems. Startingfrom the roadway scale, Burghardt & Pashkevich focuson a challenge of selecting materials for horizontal roadmarkings [23], while Budzynski et al. focus on assessingroad restraint system functionality [24]. With a lens onasset management of large number of bridges, AllahBukhsh et al.1 propose a framework for the developmentof optimal multi-year maintenance plans [25]. Highlight-ing the essential infrastructural challenge of large-scalefailure, van der Tuin & Pel1 model impacts of passengerand freight disruptions [26]. Finally, Ellis provides a pol-icy analysis of the European air market, taking into ac-count geopolitical trends in and around Europe [27].This diverse set of research efforts establishes a bench-mark for future collaboration between TRA and ETRRin the coming years. We hope that this collaboration willfurther improve the level of research necessary for bothtechnological (e.g., alternative energy sources, multi-modal service integration) and institutional (e.g., inter-sectoral policy, networked governance, collaborativeplanning) rethinking of the transport sector. First, asETRR follows the principles of open access, we hopethat future research will advance further other aspects ofopen science framework, by providing access to data andalgorithms, but also by opening scientific processes to awider set of stakeholders and the public. Such effortswill be essential stepping-stones for putting into practiceEuropean initiatives on responsible research andinnovation, and advancing the state-of-the-practice inaction research. Second, we hope that future researchactivities will aim for expanding the diversity of its trans-disciplinary approaches by further recognizing necessaryknowledge from social science and humanities. Furtherrethinking of mobility systems will also have to rely onmixed methodologies, with a greater emphasis on com-plex systems and distributive justice theory. Finally, wesincerely hope that TRA will continue to be an essentialplace of learning and co-creation for a diverse set of ac-tors across the civil society, sharing the responsibility forour common future.AcknowledgementsWe would like to acknowledge the efforts of the Scientific Panel of TRA2020conference, who helped in evaluating submitted papers, including thefollowing members: Distinguished Professor Peter Love from CurtinUniversity, Professor Lauri Ojala from Turku School of Economics, Dr. JohannaLudvigsen from Institute of Transport Economics, Professor Zissis Samarasfrom Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Professor Narelle Haworth fromQueensland University of Technology, Professor Osman Turan fromUniversity of Strathclyde, Professor Steffen Lehmann from University ofNevada, Professor Elise Miller-Hooks from George Mason University, and Pro-fessor Edward Chung from Hong Kong Polytechnic University. In addition,we would like to thank Dr. Ari-Pekka Manninen from Finnish Transport Infra-structure Agency and Dr. Mikko Räsänen from Finnish Transport and Com-munications Agency for their evaluation of submitted papers. These scholarsand experts also selected the ‘best-of-the-best’ papers which received publi-cation fee waiver for this Special Issue. Furthermore, we would like to thankCaroline Almeras from ECTRI for supporting the organization of the articlecollection and setting up the liaison between TRA and Springer. Finally, wewould like to acknowledge the editors and reviewers of the European Trans-port Research Review for excellent management of the entire review processaccording to the journal’s high standards and ethics, with special acknow-ledgement of the efforts of Professor Karst Geurs. The European Commissionprovided financial aid to organize TRA2020. The conference hosts were theFinnish Transport and Communications Agency and the Finnish Infrastruc-ture Agency. TRA2020 Transport Research Arena was meant to take place inthe Helsinki Expo and Convention Centre between April 27 and 30, 2020.Due to COVID-19 pandemic, the event in April 2020 was cancelled based onthe Government Decree proposed to the Finnish Parliament on March 16,2020.Authors’ contributionsThe authors read and approved the final manuscript.Competing interestsThe authors declare no competing interests.Author details1Aalto University, Espoo, Finland. 2University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. 3VTTTechnical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, Finland.References1. Geels, F. W., Sovacool, B. K., Schwanen, T., & Sorrell, S. (2017). Sociotechnicaltransitions for deep decarbonization. Science, 357(6357), 1242–1244.2. Sheller, M. (2018). Mobility justice: The politics of movement in an age ofextremes. Verso Books.3. Kilpi, J., Norros, I., Kuusela, P., et al. (2020). Robust methods and conditionalexpectations for vehicular traffic count analysis. European Transport ResearchReview, 12, 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-0399-8.4. Calabrò, G., Torrisi, V., Inturri, G., et al. (2020). Improving inbound logisticplanning for large-scale real-world routing problems: A novel ant-colonysimulation-based optimization. European Transport Research Review, 12, 21.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-00409-7.5. Pretto, M., Giannattasio, P., De Gennaro, M., et al. (2020). Forecasts of futurescenarios for airport noise based on collection and processing of web data.European Transport Research Review, 12, 4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-019-0389-x.6. Diana, M., Pirra, M., & Woodcock, A. (2020). Freight distribution in urbanareas: A method to select the most important loading and unloading areasMladenović et al. European Transport Research Review           (2020) 12:45 Page 2 of 3and a survey tool to investigate related demand patterns. EuropeanTransport Research Review, 12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-00430-w.7. He, Y., Makridis, M., Fontaras, G., et al. (2020). The energy impact of adaptivecruise control in real-world highway multiple-car-following scenarios.European Transport Research Review, 12, 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-00406-w.8. Makridis, M., Leclercq, L., Mattas, K., et al. (2020). The impact of drivinghomogeneity due to automation and cooperation of vehicles on uphillfreeway sections. European Transport Research Review, 12, 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-00407-9.9. Stevanovic, A., & Mitrovic, N. (2020). Impact of conflict resolution parameterson combined alternate-directions lane assignment and reservation-basedintersection control. European Transport Research Review, 12, 6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-0394-0.10. Torabi, S., Bellone, M., & Wahde, M. (2020). Energy minimization for anelectric bus using a genetic algorithm. European Transport Research Review,12, 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-019-0393-1.11. Meersman, H., Moschouli, E., NanwayBoukani, L., et al. (2020). Evaluating theperformance of the vessel train concept. European Transport ResearchReview, 12, 23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-00415-9.12. Arjona Aroca, J., Giménez Maldonado, J. A., Ferrús Clari, G., et al. (2020).Enabling a green just-in-time navigation through stakeholder collaboration.European Transport Research Review, 12, 22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-00417-7.13. Liimatainen, H., Pöllänen, M., & Nykänen, L. (2020). Impacts of increasingmaximum truck weight – Case Finland. European Transport Research Review,12, 14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-00403-z.14. Loustric, I., & Matyas, M. (2020). Exploring city propensity for the marketsuccess of micro-electric vehicles. European Transport Research Review, 12,42. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-00416-8.15. Fearnley, N., & Aarhaug, J. (2019). Subsidising urban and sub-urban transport– Distributional impacts. European Transport Research Review, 11, 49. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-019-0386-0.16. Malin, F., Silla, A., & Mladenović, M. (2020). Prevalence and factors associatedwith pedestrian fatalities and serious injuries: Case Finland. EuropeanTransport Research Review, 12, 29. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-00411-z.17. Ramos, É. M. S., Bergstad, C. J., Chicco, A., et al. (2020). Mobility styles andcar sharing use in Europe: Attitudes, behaviours, motives and sustainability.European Transport Research Review, 12, 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-0402-4.18. Matyas, M. (2020). Opportunities and barriers to multimodal cities: Lessonslearned from in-depth interviews about attitudes towards mobility as aservice. European Transport Research Review, 12, 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-0395-z.19. Hoerler, R., Stünzi, A., Patt, A., et al. (2020). What are the factors and needspromoting mobility-as-a-service? Findings from the Swiss household energydemand survey (SHEDS). European Transport Research Review, 12, 27. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-00412-y.20. Karatsoli, M., & Nathanail, E. (2020). Examining gender differences of socialmedia use for activity planning and travel choices. European TransportResearch Review, 12.21. Tiikkaja, H., Liimatainen, H., & Pöllänen, M. (2020). Satisfaction with generalfunctionality and safety of travel in relation to residential environment andsatisfaction with transport modes. European Transport Research Review, 12,32. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-00423-9.22. Weber, B., Dangelmaier, M., Diederichs, F., et al. (2020). User rating andacceptance of attention-adaptive driver safety systems. EuropeanTransport Research Review, 12, 26. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-00414-w.23. Burghardt, T. E., & Pashkevich, A. (2020). Materials selection for structuredhorizontal road markings: Financial and environmental case studies.European Transport Research Review, 12, 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-0397-x.24. Budzynski, M., Jamroz, K., Wilde, K., et al. (2020). The role of numerical testsin assessing road restraint system functionality. European Transport ResearchReview, 12, 30. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-00424-8.25. Allah Bukhsh, Z., Stipanovic, I., & Doree, A. G. (2020). Multi-year maintenanceplanning framework using multi-attribute utility theory and geneticalgorithms. European Transport Research Review, 12, 3. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-019-0388-y.26. van der Tuin, M. S., & Pel, A. J. (2020). The disruption transport model:Computing user delays resulting from infrastructure failures for multi-modalpassenger & freight traffic. European Transport Research Review, 12, 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-0398-9.27. Ellis, D. (2020). Internal versus external European air market realities: Thecompetitive divide. European Transport Research Review, 12, 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-00410-0.Publisher’s NoteSpringer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims inpublished maps and institutional affiliations.Mladenović et al. European Transport Research Review           (2020) 12:45 Page 3 of 3

English

This document is downloaded from theVTT’s Research Information Portalhttps://cris.vtt.fiVTThttp://www.vtt.fiP.O. box 1000FI-02044 VTTFinlandBy using VTT’s Research Information Portal you are bound by thefollowing Terms & Conditions.I have read and I understand the following statement:This document is protected by copyright and other intellectualproperty rights, and duplication or sale of all or part of any of thisdocument is not permitted, except duplication for research use oreducational purposes in electronic or print form. You must obtainpermission for any other use. Electronic or print copies may not beoffered for sale.VTT Technical Research Centre of FinlandRethinking transport – towards clean and inclusive mobility (Highlights ofthe 2020 Transport Research Arena conference)Mladenovi, Miloš N.; Leviäkangas, Pekka; Roncoli, Claudio; Hänninen, SaaraPublished in:European Transport Research ReviewDOI:10.1186/s12544-020-00434-6Published: 01/12/2020Document VersionPeer reviewed versionLink to publicationPlease cite the original version:Mladenovi, M. N., Leviäkangas, P., Roncoli, C., & Hänninen, S. (2020). Rethinking transport – towards clean andinclusive mobility (Highlights of the 2020 Transport Research Arena conference). European Transport ResearchReview, 12(1), [45]. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-00434-6Download date: 06. Jul. 2022EDITORIAL Open AccessRethinking transport – towards clean andinclusive mobility (Highlights of the 2020Transport Research Arena conference)Miloš N. Mladenović1*, Pekka Leviäkangas2, Claudio Roncoli1 and Saara Hänninen3This topical collection includes contributions fromTransport Research Arena (TRA) 2020, an internationalevent that covers all transport modes and all aspects ofmobility. The theme of the Transport Research Arena2020 was “Rethinking transport – towards clean and in-clusive mobility”. The theme itself highlights the com-plexity of transitioning towards sustainable mobilitysystems. At the centre of this transition is an urgentneed to respond and adapt to the ongoing climate crisis.At the COP21 in 2015, European Union outlined the ob-jective to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions by 40%below 1990 levels by 2030. In relation, mobility systemshave a crucial role in achieving this target [1]. Beyondmitigation, we should urgently develop a range of adap-tation mechanisms, as extreme weather phenomena willset new requirements for the whole system resilience,risk and disruption management, while changing energyconsumption patterns. Even if these aspects of transitionare complex enough in themselves to handle, our col-lective European values require a necessary trade-off byensuring fairness during and from this transition, anddelivering well-being and quality of life [2]. Taking intoaccount the rich diversity of lifestyles and cultures acrossEurope, such transition means taking into account amultidimensional range of capabilities and needs thatshould be a basis for considering necessary changes inour everyday behaviour and norms.This topical collection consists of 25 publications. Oneset of publications focuses on the development of im-proved models and algorithms using new data sources,highlighting the importance of new sensing technologiesand their fusion, as well as opening access to existing da-tabases. Kilpi et al. develop an algorithmic framework toextract relevant information about traffic dynamics fromshort-term traffic count data [3]. Calabrò et al. developan algorithm for capacitated vehicle routing problem forinbound logistics using an ant-colony optimization ap-proach [4]. Pretto et al. develop forecasting models forairport noise scenarios based on web data [5]. Finally,Diana et al. develop a model for understanding freightloading and unloading areas in the city based on GPStraces of logistics vehicles [6].The second set of papers displays a range of aspectsrelated to developing and evaluating emerging vehicleaspects, based on ongoing trends in digitalization, auto-mation, and new energy sources that should be steeredto support the ongoing transition. He et al. and Makridiset al.1 test the effects on traffic flow stability and energyefficiency from adaptive cruise control technology [7, 8].Stevanovic & Mitrovic assess the traffic flow and safetyimpacts of alternate-directions lane assignment andreservation-based intersection control under the as-sumption of fully automated road vehicles [9]. Having inmind the development of electric powertrain for auto-mated vehicles, Torabi et al. develop energyminimization algorithm for speed profile optimization[10]. In the maritime domain, Meersman et al. assesseconomic performance of vessel train as a semi-autonomous vessel platooning concept [11], whileArjona Aroca et al.1 assess the impact on fuel consump-tion and GHG emissions from the sea traffic manage-ment concept [12]. Finally, two papers take a close lookat implications from new types of vehicles, one beinghigh capacity freight vehicles [13]1 and another microelectric vehicles [14].The third set of papers focuses on a multidimensionaluser perspective, providing the distributive analysis of© The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License,which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you giveappropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate ifchanges were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commonslicence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commonslicence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtainpermission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.1TRA2020 best paper recognition by the Scientific Panel* Correspondence: milos.mladenovic@aalto.fi1Aalto University, Espoo, FinlandFull list of author information is available at the end of the articleEuropean TransportResearch ReviewMladenović et al. European Transport Research Review           (2020) 12:45 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-00434-6impacts, as well as a range of insights from sociologicaland psychological angles. Fearnley & Aarhaug assess dis-tributional impacts from subsidising urban and sub-urban public transport [15], while Malin et al.1 evaluateprevalence and characteristics of pedestrian fatalities andserious injuries in Finland [16]. In the context of usersrelation to emerging mobility technologies, Ramos et al.1develop mobility profiles of both users and non-users ofcar sharing in several European cities [17], while bothMatyas1 and Hoerler et al.1 provide an analysis of userneeds, motivational and barrier factors for the use ofmobility-as-a-service [18, 19]. Expanding the under-standing of habit formation mechanisms, Karatsoli &Nathanail1 and Tiikkaja et al. highlight the importanceof social media [20] and travel satisfaction [21] for mo-bility activity planning. Finally, focusing more on theuser acceptance of new vehicle systems, Weber et al.studies the acceptance of attention-adaptive driver safetysystems [22].The final set of papers focuses more directly to diversedecision-making challenges that exist at various design,planning and policy levels in mobility systems. Startingfrom the roadway scale, Burghardt & Pashkevich focuson a challenge of selecting materials for horizontal roadmarkings [23], while Budzynski et al. focus on assessingroad restraint system functionality [24]. With a lens onasset management of large number of bridges, AllahBukhsh et al.1 propose a framework for the developmentof optimal multi-year maintenance plans [25]. Highlight-ing the essential infrastructural challenge of large-scalefailure, van der Tuin & Pel1 model impacts of passengerand freight disruptions [26]. Finally, Ellis provides a pol-icy analysis of the European air market, taking into ac-count geopolitical trends in and around Europe [27].This diverse set of research efforts establishes a bench-mark for future collaboration between TRA and ETRRin the coming years. We hope that this collaboration willfurther improve the level of research necessary for bothtechnological (e.g., alternative energy sources, multi-modal service integration) and institutional (e.g., inter-sectoral policy, networked governance, collaborativeplanning) rethinking of the transport sector. First, asETRR follows the principles of open access, we hopethat future research will advance further other aspects ofopen science framework, by providing access to data andalgorithms, but also by opening scientific processes to awider set of stakeholders and the public. Such effortswill be essential stepping-stones for putting into practiceEuropean initiatives on responsible research andinnovation, and advancing the state-of-the-practice inaction research. Second, we hope that future researchactivities will aim for expanding the diversity of its trans-disciplinary approaches by further recognizing necessaryknowledge from social science and humanities. Furtherrethinking of mobility systems will also have to rely onmixed methodologies, with a greater emphasis on com-plex systems and distributive justice theory. Finally, wesincerely hope that TRA will continue to be an essentialplace of learning and co-creation for a diverse set of ac-tors across the civil society, sharing the responsibility forour common future.AcknowledgementsWe would like to acknowledge the efforts of the Scientific Panel of TRA2020conference, who helped in evaluating submitted papers, including thefollowing members: Distinguished Professor Peter Love from CurtinUniversity, Professor Lauri Ojala from Turku School of Economics, Dr. JohannaLudvigsen from Institute of Transport Economics, Professor Zissis Samarasfrom Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Professor Narelle Haworth fromQueensland University of Technology, Professor Osman Turan fromUniversity of Strathclyde, Professor Steffen Lehmann from University ofNevada, Professor Elise Miller-Hooks from George Mason University, and Pro-fessor Edward Chung from Hong Kong Polytechnic University. In addition,we would like to thank Dr. Ari-Pekka Manninen from Finnish Transport Infra-structure Agency and Dr. Mikko Räsänen from Finnish Transport and Com-munications Agency for their evaluation of submitted papers. These scholarsand experts also selected the ‘best-of-the-best’ papers which received publi-cation fee waiver for this Special Issue. Furthermore, we would like to thankCaroline Almeras from ECTRI for supporting the organization of the articlecollection and setting up the liaison between TRA and Springer. Finally, wewould like to acknowledge the editors and reviewers of the European Trans-port Research Review for excellent management of the entire review processaccording to the journal’s high standards and ethics, with special acknow-ledgement of the efforts of Professor Karst Geurs. The European Commissionprovided financial aid to organize TRA2020. The conference hosts were theFinnish Transport and Communications Agency and the Finnish Infrastruc-ture Agency. TRA2020 Transport Research Arena was meant to take place inthe Helsinki Expo and Convention Centre between April 27 and 30, 2020.Due to COVID-19 pandemic, the event in April 2020 was cancelled based onthe Government Decree proposed to the Finnish Parliament on March 16,2020.Authors’ contributionsThe authors read and approved the final manuscript.Competing interestsThe authors declare no competing interests.Author details1Aalto University, Espoo, Finland. 2University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. 3VTTTechnical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, Finland.References1. Geels, F. W., Sovacool, B. K., Schwanen, T., & Sorrell, S. (2017). Sociotechnicaltransitions for deep decarbonization. Science, 357(6357), 1242–1244.2. Sheller, M. (2018). Mobility justice: The politics of movement in an age ofextremes. Verso Books.3. Kilpi, J., Norros, I., Kuusela, P., et al. (2020). Robust methods and conditionalexpectations for vehicular traffic count analysis. European Transport ResearchReview, 12, 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-0399-8.4. Calabrò, G., Torrisi, V., Inturri, G., et al. (2020). Improving inbound logisticplanning for large-scale real-world routing problems: A novel ant-colonysimulation-based optimization. European Transport Research Review, 12, 21.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-00409-7.5. Pretto, M., Giannattasio, P., De Gennaro, M., et al. (2020). Forecasts of futurescenarios for airport noise based on collection and processing of web data.European Transport Research Review, 12, 4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-019-0389-x.6. Diana, M., Pirra, M., & Woodcock, A. (2020). Freight distribution in urbanareas: A method to select the most important loading and unloading areasMladenović et al. European Transport Research Review           (2020) 12:45 Page 2 of 3and a survey tool to investigate related demand patterns. EuropeanTransport Research Review, 12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-020-00430-w.7. 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Rethinking transport:towards clean and inclusive mobility (Highlights of the 2020 Transport Research Arena conference)

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Rethinking transport:towards clean and inclusive mobility (Highlights of the 2020 Transport Research Arena conference)

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