Cultivating new bussiness entities is the key to speeding up improving new agricultural production and operating system. This study discussed two representative entities under the agricultural production and operating system based on household contract management, namely, family farms and cooperatives. It introduced current development status of these two entities in Chongqing region, and discussed prominent problems of understanding, management, fund, personnel, technology, information, and system in the development process. In line with common problems such as single production structure and short supply of agricultural insurance, and different problems like organizational degree, it made comparative analysis. Finally, it is concluded that different institutional arrangement and pertinent support policy according to different development characteristics