The vaginal microbiota of a healthy asymptomatic woman consists of an extensive diversity of anaerobic and aerobic bacterial genera and species dominated by the microaerophilic genus Lactobacillus , known to inhibit the growth of potentially pathogenic non-acid tolerant microorganisms. An imbalance of species within this biofilm may result in endogenous opportunistic infections such as aerobic vaginitis (AV) caused by S. agalactiae and E. faecalis, which have been implicated in neonatal and obstetric sepsis. The prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of E. faecalis and S. agalactiae in pregnant women with AV in the Western Cape, South Africa was determined using standard microbiological culture methods and the Sensititre TREK system. AV was detected in 26.13% of the 199 tested pregnant women, with S. agalactiae and E. faecalis isolated from 32 and 20 mothers respectively. S. agalactiae and E. faecalis showed resistance to 12 of the 17 antibiotics tested, including those recommended for prophylaxis according to the CDC guidelines. The resistance of S. agalactiae and E. faecalis to commonly administered antimicrobials highlights the need for alternative treatment regimens for AV during pregnancy to reduce the risk of AV-associated negative pregnancy outcomes.National Research Foundation of South Afric
