As a contribution for sustainability, electric vehicles (EVs) are seen
as one of the most effective influences in the transport sector. As complement
to the challenges that entails the EVs integration into the grid considering the
bidirectional operation (grid-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-grid), there are new concepts
associated with the EV operation integrating various benefits for smart
homes. In this sense, this paper proposes an improved voltage control of the EV
operating as uninterruptible power supply (UPS) in smart homes. With the EV
plugged-in into the smart home, it can act as an off-line UPS protecting the
electrical appliances from power grid outages. Throughout the paper, the foremost
advantages of the proposed voltage control strategy are comprehensively
emphasized, establishing a comparison with the classical approach. Aiming to
offer a sinusoidal voltage for linear and nonlinear electrical appliances, a
pulse-width modulation with a multi-loop control scheme is used. A Kalman
filter is used for decreasing significantly the time of detecting power outages
and, consequently, the transition for the UPS mode. The experimental validation
was executed with a bidirectional charger containing a double stage power
conversion (an ac-dc interfacing the grid-side and a dc-dc interfacing the batteries-
side) and a digital stage. The computer simulations and the acquired experimental
results validate the proposed strategy in different conditions of operation.This work has been supported by COMPETE: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007043 and FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia within the Project Scope: UID/CEC/00319/2013. This work is financed by the ERDF – European Regional Development Fund through the Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation – COMPETE 2020 Programme, and by National Funds through the Portuguese funding agency, FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, within project SAICTPAC/0004/2015 – POCI – 01–0145–FEDER–016434. This work is part of the FCT project 0302836 NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-030283.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
