We review how RHIC is expected to deepen our understanding of the spin
structure of longitudinally polarized nucleons. After briefly outlining the
current status of spin-dependent parton densities and pointing out open
questions, we focus on theoretical calculations and predictions relevant for
the RHIC spin program. Estimates of the expected statistical accuracy for such
measurements are presented, taking into account the acceptance of the RHIC
detectors.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, uses aipproc style, invited talk presented at
the 15th International Spin Physics Symposium 'SPIN 2002', Sept. 9-14 2002,
Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N