This paper presents a tension stiffening model for Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) tensile member reinforced by
hybrid glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) and steel bars. The model is developed through an explicit analytical
bond formulation by considering a four-linear bond shear stress-slip relationship to simulate the bond behavior
between reinforcing bars and surrounding FRC. The model is also capable of simulating both the fiber
reinforcement contribution and the yielding stage of steel bar at cracked section. Additionally, a FE Model is
carried out using a multi-directional smeared crack approach for modeling cracking process in FRC, and adopting
interface finite elements to simulate the bond behavior between reinforcements and FRC, whose constitutive model
was defined from the aforementioned bond law. Both the analytical and numerical approaches showed a good
agreement with some recent experimental results on tension-stiffening in the literature. Finally, an extensive
parametric study is performed by using the analytical model, and the influence of the involved parameters on the
tension-stiffening and cracking behavior of hybrid GFRP/steel FRC tensile member is investigated.QREN project n. 30367 – UrbanCretePortuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) - SFRH/BD/77409/201
