Evaluating balance, stability and gait symmetry of stroke patients using instrumented gait analysis techniques

Abstract

Stroke is one of the most common brain disorders and has disastrous effects on the walking function of the patients. A post-stroke gait is characterized by asymmetry, instability and loss of balance. In this context, the evaluation of the gait of stroke patients can be performed though the quantification of balance, stability, and gait symmetry, which is the topic of the present study. The gait of 14 control subjects and 55 post stroke patients was measured in a gait laboratory. Gait features were extracted, and symmetry indexes obtained in the literature were computed. A statistical analysis was carried out to understand the relationship between gait features and medical scales used to evaluate the degree of impairment of the patients (traditional scores and a newly developed functional score termed the ReHabX score). The analysis took the form of a correlation matrix where every single item was correlated with the remaining ones. The results show that stroke patients tend to spare the affected limb and, the more impaired they are, the more the spatio-temporal features deviate from the wellestablished “normal values”. Also, the best indexes to calculate the degree of symmetry are the ratio I and the Limp Index. Also, the gait features of the non-affected side correlate better with the other gait features, the symmetry indexes, the conventional clinical scales and the ReHabX Score. Furthermore, it was concluded that symmetry, balance and stability are closely related, and that the ReHabX Score is the most suitable medical scale to evaluate the gait disorders as well as balance, stability and gait symmetry

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