The highest energy cosmic rays observed possess macroscopic energies and
their origin is likely to be associated with the most energetic processes in
the Universe. Their existence triggered a flurry of theoretical explanations
ranging from conventional shock acceleration to particle physics beyond the
Standard Model and processes taking place at the earliest moments of our
Universe. Furthermore, many new experimental activities promise a strong
increase of statistics at the highest energies and a combination with gamma-ray
and neutrino astrophysics will put strong constraints on these theoretical
models. We give an overview over this quickly evolving research field with
focus on testing new particle physics.Comment: 12 latex pages, 2 postscript figures included; based on invited talk
at the WHEPP-7 Conference, Allahabad, India (January, 2002