36-38Experimental values of density, viscosity and ultrasonic velocity of binary mixture of polymethylmethacrylate and acetic acid are reported in temperature range 30 °C to 65 °C at 0.4% concentration at1MHz frequency. Acoustical parameters like relaxation time and ultrasonic absorption are calculated using experimental data. These properties are used to interpret molecular interactions among component liquids

Bhatt, S C

Nautiyal, S C

Saxena, Richa

Uniyal, Manish

NOPR

Applied Innovative Research Vol. 2, March 2020, pp. 36-38       Density, viscosity and ultrasonic study of polymethylmethacrylate Richa Saxena a*, S C Bhattb, Manish Uniyalb & S C Nautiyalc aIFTM University, Lodhipur, Rajput, Moradabad 244 001, India bUltrasonic and Dielectric Laboratory, Department of Physics, H N B Garhwal University, Srinagar (Garhwal) 246 174, India cGovt P G College, Raipur, Dehradun 248 001, India Experimental values of density, viscosity and ultrasonic velocity of binary mixture of polymethylmethacrylate and acetic acid are reported in temperature range 30 °C to 65 °C at 0.4% concentration at1MHz frequency. Acoustical parameters like relaxation time and ultrasonic absorption are calculated using experimental data. These properties are used to interpret molecular interactions among component liquids. Keywords: Ultrasonic velocity, Relaxation time, Ultrasonic absorption 1 Introduction In recent years, the measurement and interpretation of ultrasonic properties of liquid and liquid mixtures have been studied1, 2. The study of molecular interaction in polymer solution is of great importance for engineering applications of polymers. They also provide substantial information on the processes involving polymer production and their uses3, 4. Ultrasonic5, 6 volumetric7 and viscometric8, 9 properties of binary liquid mixtures have been investigated by a number of researchers over the past several years. The ultrasonic technique is a powerful and effective tool for investigation of polymer solutions and behavior of polymer chain in an ultrasonic field. These properties are useful for device application such as ultrasound tranducer, nonvolatile memory, sensor, actuator, sonar instruments and solar cell. Polymer dissolution also plays a key role in many industrial applications  in a variety of areas and an understanding of the dissolution process allows for the optimization of design and processing conditions as well as selection of suitable solvent10. B Dalai et. al.11 have observed experimental value of density, viscosity and ultrasonic velocity of binary liquid mixtures of a nuclear extractant with monocarboxylic acids at 303.15 K temperature. Very few literatures are available on binary mixture of polymethylmethacrylate.   2 Experimental Detail In the present investigation liquid solution of polymethylmethacrylate (of molecular weight ≈15,000 in solid form) with acetic acid is used. The solutions were prepared by adding known weight of polymethylmethacrylate to fixed volume of acetic acid and stirring under reflex, until a clear solution was obtained. The concentration studied in the solution is 0.4 % (w/v). Different acoustical parameters like relaxation time and ultrasonic absorption  were calculated at different temperature and at  0.4 % concentration at 1MHz. The ultrasonic speeds were measured by using variable path ultrasonic interferometer with reproducibility of ±0.4m/s at  35 oC. The temperature of the solution has been  kept constant by circulating water from the thermostatically controlled (±0.1oC) water bath.  The densities at different temperature were measured using10 ml specific gravity bottle and single  pan microbalance. The uncertainty in density measurements was found to be about 0.5 kg/m3. The viscosity of the mixtures was determined by using Ostwald’s viscometer, which was kept inside a double walled jacket, in which water from thermostat water bath was circulated. Inner cylinder of this double-wall-glass jacket was filled with water of desired temperature so as to establish and maintain the thermal equilibrium. The accuracy in the viscosity measurements is within ±0.5 %. These parameters are calculated by using standard relations12-14.  3 Results and Discussion Densities, viscosities and ultrasonic velocities of polymethylmethacrylate are shown in Tables 1-3 and Figs 1-3, respectively. Table 1 and Fig. 1 represent the variation of density of polymethylmethacrylate  ——————— *Corresponding author (E-mail: saxena.richa23@gmail.com) SAXENA et al.: ULTRASONIC STUDY OF POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE   37   Table1 — Density(x103kg/m3) of polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA) with temperature at  0.4% concentration at 1 MHz frequency. Temperature Density 65 0.9664 60 0.9774 55 0.9901 50 1.0002 45 1.011 40 1.0184 35 1.0252 30 1.0388  Table 2 — Viscosity (x10-1Pa.s) of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) with temperature and 0.4% concentration at 1 MHz frequency. Temperature Viscosity 65 0.5 60 0.583 55 0.62 50 0.669 45 0.72 40 0.76 35 0.845 30 0.967  Table 3 — Ultrasonic velocity (m/s) of Polymethylmethacrylate with temperature at 0.4% concentration at 1 MHz frequency. Temperature Ultrasonic velocity 65 1158 60 1161.4 55 1162.3 50 1168.5 45 1172.3 40 1177.4 35 1182.1 30 1197.4    Fig. 1 — Variation of density with temperature at 0.4% concentration.   Fig. 2 — Variation of viscosity with temperature at 0.4% concentration.    Fig. 3 — Variation of ultrasonic velocity with temperature at 0.4% concentration.    Fig. 4 — Variation of Relaxation time with temperature at 0.4% concentration.  with temperature at 0.4 % concentration. It is clear from Table 1 and Fig. 1 that density decreases with increase in temperature this behavior is in agreement with the results reported by other workers15. Table 2 and Fig. 2 show that, viscosity decreases with increase in temperature of polymethylmethacrylate in the solution. Present dependence is in accordance with the reported by other workers16. The variations of ultrasonic velocity with temperature have been shown in Table 3 and Fig. 3. Ultrasonic velocity decreases with increase in temperature of PMMA in the solution. It is evident from our investigation that our present results are in good agreement with the results reported by others workers17. It is clear from Table 4 and Fig. 4 an that relaxation time decreases APPL. INNOV. RES., VOL. 2, MARCH 2020   38 with increase in temperature. Table 5 and Fig. 5 shows that ultrasonic absorption decreases with increase in temperature. This is in agreement with result reported by earlier workers18.  4 Conclusion The ultrasonic technique is a powerful and effective tool for the investigation of polymer solutions. The molecular interactions present in polymethyl-methacrylate in acetic acid have been investigated  by density, viscosity and ultrasonic velocities. The result show higher degree of interaction between solute and solvent at higher concentration. These results are helpful in understanding the physio chemical behaviour of solute and solvent.   References 1 Acree W E, Phys Chem Liquids, 16 (1986) 113. 2 Venkatesu P & Rao M V, Phys Chem Liq, 34 (1997) 213. 3 Paul D R & Newman S, Polymer Blends, 1 (1978) 175. 4 Tompa H, Polymer Solutions (Butterworth Scientific, London), 215 (1956). 5 Ali A & Nabi F J, Disp Sci Technol, 311 (2010) 326. 6 Rastogi R P, Nath J & Misra J, J Phys Chem, 71 (1967) 1277. 7 Rathnam M V, Kavita B R, Sayed R T & Kumar M S S, J Mol Liq, 173 (2012) 35. 8 Nabi F, Jesudason C G, Malik M A & Thabaiti S A, Chem Eng Commun, 200 (2013) 77. 9 Awasthi A & Awasthi A, Thermochim Acta, 537 (2012) 57.  10 Selvakumar M & Bhat K, Indian J Pure Appl Phys, 46 (2008) 712. 11 Dalai B, Dash S K & Singh S K, Indian J Pure Appl Phys, 52 (2014) 24. 12 Marcue Y, Introduction to liquid state chemistry, (New York, Wiley Int) 1977. 13 Saxena R & Bhatt S C, Adv Mater Sci Eng, 2018 (2018) Article ID 1738612. 14 Saxena R & Bhatt S C, Rasayan J Chem, 10 (2017) 1340. 15 Saxena R & Bhatt S C, Global J Sci Front Res, 17 (2017) 4. 16 Surendra B N & Subha M C S, J Indian Chem Soc, 79 (2002) 505.  17 Ravichandran S & Ramanathan K, Rasayan J Chem, 3 (2010) 375. 18 Saxena R & Bhatt S C, Chem Sci Trans, 8 (2019) 43.  Table 4 — Relaxation time(x10-12s) of Polymethylmethacrylate with temperature at 0.4% concentration at 1 MHz frequency. Temperature(0C) Relaxation time 65 5.14 60 5.9 55 6.18 50 6.53 45 6.91 40 7.18 35 7.86 30 8.66  Table 5 — Ultrasonic absorption(x10-15s2m-1) with temperature at 0.4% concentration at 1 MHz frequency. Temperature(0C) Ultrasonic absorption 65 0.403 60 0.536 55 0.568 50 0.61 45 0.671 40 0.748 35 0.995 30 1.69    Fig. 5 — Variation of ultrasonic absorption with temperature at 0.4% concentration.  

Density, viscosity and ultrasonic study of polymethylmethacrylate

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Density, viscosity and ultrasonic study of polymethylmethacrylate

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