We report on an integrated Hartmann wavefront sensor (WFS) using passive-pixel architecture and pixels clustered as position-sensitive detectors for dynamic wavefront analysis. This approach substitutes a conventional imager, such as a CCD or CMOS imager, by a customized detector, thus improving the overall speed performance. CMOS (complementary-metal- oxide-semiconductor) technology enables on-chip integration of several analog and digital circuitry. The sensor performance depends on the feature size of the technology, noise levels, photosensitive elements employed, architecture chosen and reconstruction algorithm.(undefined
