Given the rise in ownership and use of personal communication devices-Smartphones-by undergraduate students while attending classes, this study examines undergraduate students’ attitudes and perceptions regarding their rights to use such devices and their knowledge regarding the negative effect such usage has on their ability to synthesize new subject material. Given prior research into the negative aspects of digital devices in the classroom, this study examines the effect, if any, of using positive reinforcement versus restrictive bans to encourage believed appropriate learning behavior
