We analyze asymptotic symmetries on the Killing horizon of the
four-dimensional Kerr--Newman black hole. We first derive the asymptotic
Killing vectors on the Killing horizon, which describe the asymptotic
symmetries, and find that the general form of these asymptotic Killing vectors
is the universal one possessed by arbitrary Killing horizons. We then construct
the phase space associated with the asymptotic symmetries. It is shown that the
phase space of an extreme black hole either has the size comparable with a
non-extreme black hole, or is small enough to exclude degeneracy, depending on
whether or not the global structure of a Killing horizon particular to an
extreme black hole is respected. We also show that the central charge in the
Poisson brackets algebra of these asymptotic symmetries vanishes, which implies
that there is not an anomaly of diffeomorphism invariance. By taking into
account other results in the literature, we argue that the vanishing central
charge on a black hole horizon, in an effective theory, looks consistent with
the thermal feature of a black hole. We furthermore argue that the vanishing
central charge implies that there are infinitely many classical configurations
that are associated with the same macroscopic state, while these configurations
are distinguished physically.Comment: 14 pages, v2: references added, minor corrections, v3: new pars and
refs. added and corresponding correction
