An understanding of nip pressure and deformed nip geometry is of vital importance to the design of web handling equipment. Axial variations in nip pressure and deformed nip geometry can lead to poor product performance and customer dissatisfaction. This study evaluates these axial variations for two general cases: an identical-hollow-drum design and a classic calendaring design. Both cases include the effects of elastomeric coverings. Comparisons between modelling the resulting axial variations in nip parameters by beam effects or shell effects are evaluated. Evaluations of nip pressure and overdrive/underdrive are performed. Approximate boundary conditions for the study of web wrinkling are proposed based on deformed nip geometry
