Economic Spillovers and Political Values in Government Competition for Firms

Abstract

This paper examines how economic spillovers and political values affect strategies and welfare of governments bidding for firms. Government competition and firm location choice are modeled as a variant of a first-price scoring auction in which governments compete for firms that have unobserved geographic preferences. Within-metro economic spillovers generate freeriding motives, implying that metro-level coordination can improve joint expected welfare of individual governments. However, presence of political values can steer governments away from coordination such as ceasefire on incentive provision. Reduced-form evidence suggests that political values increase with the intensity of within-metro competition and that governments freeride when economic values spill over. Measures of economic spillovers are informative of the size of political values; back-of-the-envelope calculations suggest that total political values for 112 firms that relocated within Kansas City amount to over $89 million

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