Integrated pest management (IPM) systems provide a necessary alternative to calendar driven, prophylactic applications of pesticides. The use of such systems requires that application of such materials, especially insecticides, be based on knowledge of presence and abundance of the target species. The sex pheromone of Cydia caryana (Fitch), the hickory shuckworm, may be of such use to the commercial pecan producer. The present research was undertaken to delineate practical use parameters for integration of the pheromone into existing pecan IPM systems. To enhance readability and expedite publication, this manuscript has been prepared in publication format. Chapter I (Introduction) advises the reader of the pest species and its biology, the concept of pheromones, and outlines the purposes of the eight investigations undertaken. The eight analyses are subsequently grouped as they will be published. Thus, Chapter II deals with adult emergence patterns, population trends and activity patterns of the species as delineated by pheromone trapping. Chapter III is concerned with trap design and placement under field conditions and Chapter IV with the relationship of pheromone trap capture to fruit infestation. Each of these chapters is presented with an introduction, materials and methods, results and discussion, and a bibliography. Chapter V presents a discussion of some research implications of the previously discussed analyses and contains a bibliography.Entomolog
