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Carbon amendment and soil depth affect the distribution and abundance of denitrifiers in agricultural soils
Authors
A Priemé
A Rangeley
+73 more
AF Bouwman
AI Cofman
AL Peralta
B McCune
C Carrigg
C Lee
C Stark
C. Lee
CE Dandie
CR Flechard
D Chèneby
D Devaney
D Richardson
D Scholefield
D Scholefield
D Sotomayor
DJ Scala
DR Lovely
E Kandeler
E Tatti
EA Davidson
EW Boyer
F Oehler
G Braker
G Braker
G Vilain
G. Collins
GI Ågren
GW McCarty
GW McCarty
HJ Di
IN Throbäck
JA Whelan
JC Clement
JD Aber
JD Aber
JM Tiedje
JR Deslippe
K Dhondt
K Heylen
K Rypdal
K. G. Richards
L Mei
L. M. Cardenas
LF Dong
LM Cardenas
M. Barrett
M. I. Khalil
M. M. R. Jahangir
MA Cavigelli
MA Cavigelli
MI Khalil
MMR Jahangir
MW Falk
N Wrage
P Vos De
PJ Crutzen
PM Groffman
PM Groffman
R Rasmussen
RE Casey
S Henry
S Henry
S Melero
SC Jarvis
T Hashimoto
T Ligi
T Osaka
TL Martin
TT Bergsma
V Gruntzig
V. O’Flaherty
Y Yu
Publication date
1 January 2016
Publisher
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
Doi
Cite
Abstract
The nitrite reductase (nirS and nirK) and nitrous oxide reductase-encoding (nosZ) genes of denitrifying populations present in an agricultural grassland soil were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Samples from three separate pedological depths at the chosen site were investigated: horizon A (0–10 cm), horizon B (45–55 cm), and horizon C (120–130 cm). The effect of carbon addition (treatment 1, control; treatment 2, glucose-C; treatment 3, dissolved organic carbon (DOC)) on denitrifier gene abundance and N2O and N2 fluxes was determined. In general, denitrifier abundance correlated well with flux measurements; nirS was positively correlated with N2O, and nosZ was positively correlated with N2 (P < 0.03). Denitrifier gene copy concentrations per gram of soil (GCC) varied in response to carbon type amendment (P < 0.01). Denitrifier GCCs were high (ca. 107) and the bac:nirK, bac:nirS, bac:nirT, and bac:nosZ ratios were low (ca. 10−1/10) in horizon A in all three respective treatments. Glucose-C amendment favored partial denitrification, resulting in higher nir abundance and higher N2O fluxes compared to the control. DOC amendment, by contrast, resulted in relatively higher nosZ abundance and N2 emissions, thus favoring complete denitrification. We also noted soil depth directly affected bacterial, archaeal, and denitrifier abundance, possibly due to changes in soil carbon availability with depth. © 2016 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelbergclos
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