Baldwin, B. C.

Brown, C. G.

Calhoun, M. C.

Lewis, A. W.

Neuendorff, Don A.

Strauch, T. A.

Wade, M. L.

English

Texas A&M University

Consumption of Whole Cottonseed and Easiflo?äó Cottonseed Affect Growth in Red Deer Stags

Texas A&amp;M Repository

    PUBLICATIONS 2002 CONSUMPTION OF WHOLE COTTONSEED AND EASIFLO™ COTTONSEEDAFFECT GROWTH IN RED DEER STAGSe.G. Brown, D.A. Neuendorff, T.A. Strauch, A.W. Lewis, M.L. Wade, R.D. Randel,B.e. Baldwin and M.e. CalhounBackground. Preliminary experiments with consumption of whole cottonseed haveshown negative effects on body weight, antler production and testosterone concentration in fallowbucks. A new product called EasifloTM cottonseed is being marketed as an alternative to wholefuzzy cottonseed. Easiflo™ cottonseed is whole fuzzy cottonseed that is coated with agelatinized starch solution ·that contains added iron as ferrous sulfate and other vitamins andminerals. In some species, ferrous sulfate has demonstrated the ability to bind free gossypol,thereby lowering the amount of gossypol active in the animal's body. Another benefit of starchcoating fuzzy cottonseed is that it allows it to flow freely through traditional automated feedsystems.Research Findings. Whether fuzzy whole cottonseed (WCS) or EasifloTM cottonseed(EZF) would affect weight gain, antler development and testis function in red deer (Cervuselaphus) was studied. Fourteen red deer stags (BW = 103.9 kg) were randomly allotted into threetreatment groups: 1) Control (C; 3:1, corn:soybean meal, n=5), 2) WCS ( iron 91 ppm, n=6), 3)EZF (iron 1730 ppm, n=6). Rations were formulated to be isonitrogenous (17.2% protein). Stagsgrazed ryegrass/Coastal bermudagrass and were supplemented with alfalfa pellets in addition totheir experimental ration. Stags were fed as much experimental ration as they would consume,minimizing wastage. Average consumption was 1.82 kg/head/day for all rations. Body weight,body condition score, antler and testis measurements and jugular blood samples were takenbiweekly for 211 days. Once in hard antler, ejaculates were collected biweekly viaelectroejaculation and evaluated for sperm concentration, motility and progressive motility.Plasma gossypol was assessed for all stags on trial. EZF stags had less (P<0.03) gossypol thanWCS stags. Average daily gain for WCS stags was less than control stags (Table I). EZFaverage daily gain was intermediate between control stags and WCS. Control stags gained 1.81 ±0.23 units of body condition score while on trial which was greater (P < 0.005) than WCS andEZF (Table I). Change of body condition score during the trial was not different (P> 0.1)between WCS and EZF. Total hard antler weight was greater (P< 0.005) for control stags (1.46 ±0.1 kg) than for WCS and EZF stags (0.95 ± 0.09 kg and 0.96 ± 0.09 kg, respectively). WCSantler weight was not different (P> 0.1) from EZF. Maximum paired testis volume was greatest107(P< 0.07) for control stags (198.1 ± 9.13 cc) with wes and EZF not differing (P> 0.1) from eachother (158.26 ± 8.17 cc and 172.49 ± 8.17 cc, respectively). Spenn concentration in the ejaculate,spenn motility and progressive motility were not different (P> 0.1) between treatments.Application. While EZF reduced circulating gossypol, some growth traits werenegatively affected by EZF consumption. Easiflo™ cottonseed may provide producers with apractical way to utilize whole cottonseed in their mechanized feeding systems, however, the samecaution should be used as with the fuzzy whole cottonseed. Documented reduction of plasmagossypol failed to reduce detrimental effects on antler production and body weights. Thereappears to be a possible threshold gossypol concentration that affects antler production that evena suppression of 50% does not reach. These data supply support for the theory that cervids arenot capable of utilizing high fat diets as effectively as other ruminant species.Table 1. Average daily gain and body condition score change of red deer stags consuming acontrol ration, fuzzy whole cottonseed (WeS) or Easiflo™ cottonseed (EZF) during the 211 daytrial.TreatmentControlEasiflo™WholeCottonseedAverage DailyGain (ADG)230 ± 40 glday·190 ± 40 glday·150 ± 40 gldaybBody ConditionScore Change1.81 ± 0.23 c0.75 ± 0.20 d0.65 ± 0.20 d.. b means in columns with different superscripts differ (P<0.03)c. d means in columns with different superscripts differ (P<0.005)108

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Consumption of Whole Cottonseed and Easiflo?äó Cottonseed Affect Growth in Red Deer Stags

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Texas A&M University

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Consumption of Whole Cottonseed and Easiflo?äó Cottonseed Affect Growth in Red Deer Stags

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

Texas A&M University

Texas A&amp;M Repository

Texas A&M Repository