The medicine PAVALA PARPAM was taken for the dissertation work based on Kannu Sammy, Parambarai Vaithiyam, Page No :385, 386. The aim of this dissertation is to study the acute and sub-acute toxicity of the medicine PAVALA PARPAM administered at various presumed moderate dosage, in the experimental animals.
The Ingredients of PAVALA PARPAM are Pavalam and Thaivelai. The pavalam were purchased from fishermen of Tiruchendur Seashore and Thaivelai collected from Moolikulam region.
The raw samples were taken for purification and the test medicine was prepared, as per the method narrated in the literature. The drug was analysed for its physicochemical properties and contents by using qualitative biochemical analysis and modern techniques such as inductively couped plasma-optical emission spectrometry. Depending upon the result of these analysis the contents of test sample was identified. By scanning electron microscope (SEM), the size of the particles about 2-1 micron, were analyzed. _ The study was done at Department of Pharmacology, Nandha College of Pharmacy, Erode District.
To evaluate the acute toxicity study 15 rats were selected and divided into 5 groups (Group I, II, III, IV, V) and they were administered with the drug with different graded doses ranging from Control, 5mg/kg, 50mg/kg, 300mg/kg and 2000mg/kg body weight of animal orally with control group. Daily the animals were observed for clinical signs and mortality. The drug did not produce any mortality and is safe upto 2000mg/kg body weight.
Sub acute Toxicity was conducted for about 28 days duration. No signs of toxicity was observed in animals from different dose groups during the dosing period.
The haematological index shows no significant changes 118
During long term administration of the drugs at both low dose and high dose SGOT, SGPT, Serum Urea, Serum Creatinine level found to be within the normal range.
Biostatistical measures to the acute and subacute toxicity studies shows the drugs “PAVALA PARPAM” found to be safe up to 2000mg/kg body weight of the animal in acute toxicity study and found to be safe upto 20mg/kg body weight of the animal in sub-acute toxicity study.
In this study since there is no mortality, the lethal dose of drug could not be calculated.
CONCLUSION:
From acute toxicity study it was observed that the administration of PAVALA PARPAM up to the dose of 2000 mg/kg to the Wistar Albino Rats did not produce drug-related toxicity and mortality. So No-Observed-Adverse-Effect- Level (NOAEL) of PAVALA PARPAM is 2000 mg/kg.
The subacute toxicity studies also reveals that the drug “PAVALA PARPAM” can be considered safe, as it did not produce either any lethality or adverse changes with general behaviour of rats and also there were not observable determental effects in the doses (5 to 20mg/kg body weight) over a period of 28 days. It is concluded that the “PAVALA PARPAM ” is relatively safe in long administration upto the dose of 20mg/kg
