The risk factors for developing primarily detected pulmonary tuberculosis requiring hospitalization

Abstract

Department of Pneumophthisiology, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Nicolae Testemitanu", Chișinău, Republic of Moldova, Congresul consacrat aniversării a 75-a de la fondarea Universității de Stat de Medicină și Farmacie „Nicolae Testemițanu” din Republica Moldova, Ziua internațională a științei pentru pace și dezvoltarePurpose: studying the impact of risk factors and the effectiveness of treatment in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, primarily screened, treated inpatient and outpatient. Conclusions: 1. Most inpatient cases included men of working age, detected by the passive method, 1/3 of which having a contact with a TB-infected person, 1/4 being migrants, and every tenth was homeless or freed from the jail. The outpatient clinic revealed a predominant number of women and people detected by the active method 2. The social factors were more highlighted in the patients treated in the inpatient departments, such as unfavorable living conditions, lack of employment, low level of education, and vicious skills. 3. Hospitalized patients had 2-3 comorbidities, often in a decompensation stage that required permanent and thorough medical monitoring, whereas most patients in outpatient conditions did not present or had only one associated disease. 4. According to the ranking of risk factors it was established that patients who are exposed to socio-economic factors (smoking, unsatisfactory living conditions, unemployment, low level of education) and medico-biological (association of two chronic pathologies), are more likely to develop tuberculosis that requires hospitalization. 5. A multitude of risk factors present in inpatients, compared to outpatients, lead to the development of TB processes with more serious evolution, and efficient sorting of patients according to hospitalization criteria has contributed to achieving a high success rate of treatment